来自生存和商业系统的玉米籽粒和茎(Zea mays L.)中的镰刀菌种类

José Luis Arispe Vázquez, Agustín Hernández Juárez, Epifanio Castro del Ángel, L. A. Aguirre Uribe, E. Cerna Chávez, Y. M. Ochoa Fuentes
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究的目的是对墨西哥普埃布拉和莫雷洛斯州与本地和商业玉米基因型相关的镰刀菌属物种进行形态分子鉴定,并描述玉米种植的社会经济和文化重要性。从紫色、棕色和深棕色色素的谷物和茎插枝中分离到镰刀菌。利用分类键和Dinocapture 2.0软件,采用CTAB法提取DNA, PCR扩增ITS1和ITS4区,进行形态分子鉴定。鉴定出了4种镰刀菌,分别是马镰刀菌、黄萎病镰刀菌、incarnatum镰刀菌和napiforme镰刀菌,鉴定率均大于98%。赤霉病发病率最高的基因型为:圣米格尔、特奥特拉尔科、普埃布拉等地的先锋30F35型(A2)。发病率最低的基因型为:来自Tetelilla的鲨鱼、来自Morelos的F. incarnatum (A1)、F. verticillioides (A6)和F. napiformme (A7)。玉米是墨西哥许多地区的主要食物,然而,由于玉米及其衍生物的高消费量,以及可能以玉米为饲料的肉类的高消费量,玉米可能是摄入真菌毒素的一种途径。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Fusarium species in maize grains and stems (Zea mays L.) from subsistence and commercial systems
The objective of this research was the morphomolecular identification of species of the genus Fusarium associated with native and commercial maize genotypes in municipalities of Puebla and Morelos, Mexico, as well as to describe the socioeconomic and cultural importance of maize cultivation. Fusarium species were isolated from grains and stem cuttings with purple, brown, and dark brown pigmentations. They were identified morphomolecularly by using taxonomic keys and the Dinocapture 2.0 software, and by DNA extraction by the CTAB method and amplification of the ITS1 and ITS4 region by PCR. Four species were identified: Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium incarnatum and Fusarium napiforme with an identity greater than 98%. The genotypes with the highest incidence of Fusarium spp. were: Pioneer 30F35 in San Miguel, Teotlalco, Puebla by F. verticillioides (A2). The genotypes with the lowest incidence were: Shark from Tetelilla, Morelos by F. incarnatum (A1), F. verticillioides (A6) and F. napiforme (A7). Maize is the main food in many locations in Mexico, however, due to the high consumption of this grain and its derivatives, as well as the high consumption of meat presumably fed with this grain, it could represent a route of ingestion of mycotoxins.
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