Occupational medicine and health affairs最新文献

{"title":"Zika Virus Encefalitis","authors":"Z. LuisGonzalez, C. JoseVergara, S. JoseJauregui","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000I101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000I101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74484324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of Biopsychosocial Functions Following 15 Years after Spinal Cord Injury","authors":"A. Adomavičienė, A. Šidlauskienė, J. Raistenskis","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000264","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes the loss of biopsychosocial functions, body dysfunctions, decreased functional independence level, limitations in activities, and participation restriction. For recovery of functioning, comprehensive inpatient rehabilitation programs are necessary, which are more focused on recovery of physical status, capacity, functional independence level, maintenance of existing skills, and improvement of activities in daily life. In the long-term context, functioning improves naturally by engaging in various activities of everyday life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in functioning and functional independence following 15 years after SCI. Material and Methods: A total of 109 people with SCI were enrolled in the study during 2007-2015. The study was carried out during inpatient rehabilitation in the Centre of Rehabilitation, Physical and Sports Medicine. The second assessment was performed after 1-15 years. For evaluation functional independence, the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) was used. Functional problems were assessed by the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for SCI. Results: Rehabilitation mostly increased the functional independence level and significantly decreased the severity of body dysfunctions and participation restriction in daily life. In the long-term context, the reached functional independence level of persons with SCI did not change significantly and remained stable, but dysfunctions of muscle strength, physical endurance, moving around, and participation in household and leisure activities significantly decreased. In the long-term context, the percentage of employed subjects and having higher education increased. Conclusion: Rehabilitation after SCI effectively improves patients’ severe functional problems, but in the following periods, functioning increases each year after SCI by naturally engaging in daily living activities.","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81445545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Emotional Abuses and Mental Disorder in Women: A Web-based Internet Survey in Southern China","authors":"Xiaojun Chen, Shao-Xing Chen, S. Qiu, Xiulian Deng, Xuerui Tan, Liping Li","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000263","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Physical violence against intimate partners has been widely studied, whereas the understanding of emotional abuse and neglect in Chinese are limited. Method: This study was conducted as a web-based internet survey of legal married females participants (N=747) in a Chinese province. The assessment included experience of emotional abuse and neglect from intimate partner, measures of emotional maltreatment, social anxiety symptoms and general psychopathology. Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scales were used to assess generalized anxiety and depression, respectively. Results: The cross-sectional survey revealed that 214 (27.02%) wives had psychologically abuse by their husbands; among these emotional abuse victims, 141 (60.25%) females suffered from generalized anxiety and 162 (69.23%) had various levels of depression. Personality clashes and great pressure were the top major reasons of intimate emotional abuse. Logistic regression analyses revealed that emotional abuse was independently associated with anxiety (OR=2.73 CI:1.93-3.87 p<0.00) and depression (OR=2.87 CI:1.96-4.22 p<0.01) in women. Age was associated with depression (OR=0.30 CI:0.17-0.63, p<0.01). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that emotional abuse was associated with a significant increased anxiety and depressive symptoms. This pilot study is to encourage further investigation large sample on the prevalence of intimate emotional abuse against women in China.","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":"28 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75541127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Invisible Workplace Peril","authors":"S. Bondy","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000e113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000e113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79018713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence of Breakfast Skipping and its Association with Lifestyle Factors and Weight in 11-15 years Adolescents from Selected Lebanese Regions","authors":"Marise El Chami, Y. Sacre, J. Matta","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000260","url":null,"abstract":"Studies have shown that frequent breakfast skipping is associated to overweight and obesity problems. The habit of skipping breakfast is increasing among adolescents. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of breakfast skipping among adolescents living in Lebanon. Data was collected from 404 adolescents, located in three Lebanese districts. Anthropometric measurements through calibrated equipments and dietary intake were collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), sociodemographic and lifestyle information were obtained by a pre-tested questionnaire, in addition BMI for age was used to determine obesity. Linear and ANOVA regressions were used to assess the association between breakfast and BMI-for-age. Six definitions of breakfast skipping were used and the prevalence varied between 8.4% and 42.8%. Linear regression was used to test the association between breakfast skipping and BMI for age. Skipping breakfast was correlated with school type, parental preparation of food, sleeping duration, milk consumption and eating meals. The association between breakfast and BMI-for-age could not be settled due to the absence of a standard definition of breakfast skipping. Our findings could not confirm a relation between breakfast and BMI-for-age. Nevertheless, skipping breakfast was related to many factors. Encouraging breakfast could be efficient for the enhancement of health. New research could be settled to find reasons for obesity and to limit its impact on adolescents living in Lebanon.","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79920048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicians should not Shackle Non-physician Healthcare Providers","authors":"E. Timmons","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000259","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational licensing laws specify the tasks or “scope of practice” that non-physician healthcare providers are allowed to perform by law. Physicians have significant influence on these laws directly via their position on state licensing boards and also indirectly by influencing state legislators with professional association lobbying. Individual states have the authority to specify professional scope of practice and this results in some interesting differences across states. For example, the state of Kentucky is the only state [3] in the United States that does not allow physician assistants the authority to prescribe controlled substances with physician supervision. This places a clear limitation on the ability of physician assistants to provide care to vulnerable populations in the state.","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88309793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of what Game Means from Children’s Point of View","authors":"N. Gündüz, Tugce Taspinar","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000258","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Aim of this study is identification of what game means from children’s point of view. The research is a mixed design research where qualitative and quantitative data are used altogether and the opinions of parents are also received. Material and methods: Population of the quantitative part of the research is composed of parent of entire third grade students of Ankara University Foundation Private Primary School (n=72), and the sample consists of 35 parents of those students returned within the scope of the surveys. For qualitative data of the research, sampling is composed of 14 people in total, of which 8 people, 2 girls and 2 boys, who can freely play games outside home, and their parents, as well as 6 people, 2 girls and 2 boys playing games at home on the computer without action, and their parents. In collection of quantitative data in the research, providing information to parents and a mini-survey study including 4 questions has been used in the research. With this survey study, it has been asked whether children played games or not, what they played with and where they played. Questionnaires, of which all questions answered, have been considered in the survey. Qualitative data of the research is composed of half-structured interview questions prepared separately for student (11 questions) and parents (6 questions) voluntarily attending to the research and identified according to the views of this questionnaire. Interview questions, we have used in the research, have been formed by considering the studies conducted in this field and taking experts’ opinions. Quantitative data have been obtained by half-structured interview method and interviews have been made in a closed room after informing parents and students and making appointments beforehand. Voice recorder is used during interviews. Required permits have been received from the school administration and papers for conducting the study before the survey got started. Results: According to the quantitative results of this survey; all parents emphasized that their children both played at home or in the garden. They played with toys, tablets, and etc. at home while they played with balls, skip ropes, and etc. in the garden. Their play mates are friends, siblings or their cousins. According to the views of parents; they stated they permitted their children freely and in an active way in their gardens outside their houses, they also brought them to big children’s parks, and they encouraged their children to play, they did not have an obstacle for letting them play because they lived in a closed residential area; however, they were not keen to send their children out of their gardens due to traffic and security. Conclusions: Children stated that games meant “entertainment” for them, they preferred “game groups” as types of games, mostly they played “at school and in the garden of their house”, and they played with their friends. Parents stated that playing games made their children","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90515314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What are Regulations for","authors":"S. Bondy","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000E112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000E112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91305171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational Respiratory Health Symptoms and Associated Factor among Street Sweepers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","authors":"A. MulugetaTamene, Gebremeskel Hidat, M. Teklehaimanot, B. Gebremedhin","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000262","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Occupational hazards are becoming the major concern for public health. Occupational health awareness in Ethiopia not well informed. And this resulted in extensively high prevalence of occupational respiratory symptoms. This research is aiming to assess occupational respiratory health symptoms and associated factors among street sweepers in Addis Ababa. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2016 to march 2016 from five sub cities, and three weredas were selected using random sampling system. Univariate analysis, logistic regression analysis was performed to select all the independent variables with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and p<0.05. Epinfo version 3.5.1 and SPSS Version 20 used for data entry and analysis. Result: The overall prevalence of respiratory symptoms among street sweepers were 279(68.9%), and respiratory symptoms cough 180(44.4%), shortness of breath 137(33.8%), and manifestation of eye discomfort 193(47.7%), sneezing 181(55.3%), and nose irritation 134(33.1%). Respiratory symptoms were associated with Age 28-37 (AOR=2.65; 95% CI: 1.362, 5.166) and 38-47 (AOR=2.051 95% CI: 1.018, 4.132), past history of emphysema (AOR=2.53 95% CI: 1.072, 5.97) and TB (AOR=7.24 95% CI 1.584, 3.065). Conclusion: Respiratory symptoms were highly prevalent among street sweepers. Thus, pre-employment, on job training; improving hygienic practices and proper utilization of PPE are necessary measures to reduce the health hazards facing street sweepers in Addis Ababa.","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":"72 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90414903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational Noise Exposure in Relation to Hypertension: A Cross-sectional Study in the Steel Factory","authors":"Ankita Shrestha, Mai Shiqi","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000266","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Noise has been acknowledged as one of the most prevailing physical hazard in occupational health and safety. Noise can possess both permanent and temporary health outcomes. The hazardous exposure to occupational noise is generally identified to have aural effects. However in past few years, researches have been carried out to perceive the association between noise exposure and cardiovascular diseases. Yet, the topic has been under controversies regarding its actual relationship or association since there is an existence of other confounders, variables or lifestyle with the exposure which might affect the subsequent disease condition. The results have not been consistent in the studies. Hypertension is one of the most significant etiological factors for cardiovascular diseases. Noise can cause high blood pressure mostly by two ways: either by releasing stress hormones like steroids or by stimulating sympathetic nervous system. China being one of the most rapidly developing countries in the world is having most prominent effect of noise in the daily life since it is a point for most of the goods manufacturing. Various national and international organizations like CDC, OSHA, and NIOSH etc. has recommended various ways to control the noise hazard and its deleterious impact on human health. This research was also done to assess the relationship or association between noise exposure level and prevalence of hypertension in the workers from steel factory in Guangzhou. Aim: The goal of the study was to find out the relationship between occupational noise exposure and prevalence of hypertension regarding its confounders. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out to find out the association between noise exposure level ( 90) dBs and hypertension. The data was collected in Guangzhou No.12 Peoples hospital. A sample of 274 workers was taken from the steel factories in Guangzhou. The data was collected through physical examination and questionnaires. For statistical analysis, Chi square test was used in order to compare the variables. Logistic regression analysis was used to test the association between hypertension and the selected variables. Results: As a result, we found out that cumulative noise exposure is associated with hypertension (P=0.004). The total prevalence of 9.8% of hypertension cases were under the noise exposure group of >90 db. The independent association of hypertension was seen after the linear regression analysis as BMI group over weight (odd ratio = -0.090, CI 95%= (-0.005)–(-4.280) with P=0.039 when compared to the reference category of BMI underweight. The correlation of hypertension was also seen with age group (P=0.009), working years and sleeping hours with P=0.030 and P=0.047 respectively. Conclusion: The study showed that the prevalence of hypertension is associated with the occupational noise exposure and highly influenced by BMI group overweight after our final regression analysis. Age group, working years and","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":"280 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90541540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}