Occupational medicine and health affairs最新文献

{"title":"Neonatal and Pediatric Medicine","authors":"J. Kumari","doi":"10.4172/2572-4983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2572-4983","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76014796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Correct Way to Walk","authors":"G. Piola","doi":"10.15520/ijnd.v10i07.3054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15520/ijnd.v10i07.3054","url":null,"abstract":"It is a well-recognized fact that in order to achieve a general good health a person has to follow three important steps: \u0000Healthy standard of living \u0000Healthy diet \u0000Daily exercise \u0000And here is where the walking exercise really assumes a special importance. \u0000Walking is regarded as one of the best, healthiest, cheapest and most accessible form of physical activities, does not require attending a gymnasium, the purchase of complicated apparatuses and can be done at any convenient time because is sufficient to step out of the door and take advantage of the many roads, foot paths and parks available to anyone willing to use them. Floor exercise programmes should be regarded as complementing the daily walking programmes because walking is beneficial to the vascular, respiratory, muscular systems, strengthen the bone structure, just to name the major ones because the collateral benefits, known and unknown could be enormous such as immune system (the most effective vaccine), mental, etc. etc. \u0000Therefore the best advice is: Walk, Walk, and Walk some more. \u0000But to achieve the desired wellbeing and to receive the greatest advantages, walking must be correctly executed by following and using properly the various muscles and joints as supplied  and made available within the body and do it in accordance with the rules of nature. \u0000We have in fact, a substantial amount of muscles surrounding the hips followed by a reduced amount for the thighs and followed then by a further reduced amount for the calves. The gradual reduction of muscular volume indicates their exact proportional ability to carry us during the normal forward motion. Every component, according to nature, is expected to serve a specific purpose and if the intended purpose and order is not followed, problems become inevitable, problems which sometimes, could extend to the required replacement of the different portions involved. \u0000Therefore it is logical to start examining, from the ground up, all the components involved in the operation.","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82759240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoperative Radiation Exposure of Orthopaedic Surgeons-Mismatch Between Concerns and Protection","authors":"A. Joeris, S. Goldhahn, V. Kalampoki, F. Gebhard","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000273","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Although orthopaedic surgeons frequently utilize intraoperative imaging, there is a lack of knowledge about their patterns of radiation protection. The goal of this study was thus to fill this gap by evaluating the use of protection against radiation in relation to concerns, safety guidelines and instructions. Methods: A survey addressing the issue was performed in 531 orthopaedic and trauma surgeons. The questionnaire comprised 26 questions concerning the use of intraoperative radiation in clinical practice, concerns about it and protection against. Results: Over 31% of the surgeons are very concerned about their radiation exposure in their job and about 48% are slightly to moderately concerned. Surgeons from Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East are significantly more concerned about radiation in their job compared to European surgeons (p<0.002). However, only one fifth of the surgeons wear a dosimeter and half of them never use it. Nearly 65% of the surgeons always wear a lead apron, but only 30.8% wear a thyroid protection. Lead gloves and lead glasses were always worn by only 2.5 % (13/531) and 3.1% (16/531) respectively. Half of the respondents are aware of the radiation protection officer in their clinic, but 38.8% stated the issue has never been the subject of training at their institution. Internal training significantly affects the usage of dosimeters (odds ratio=2.97, 95% confidence interval: 2.00 – 4.39; p<0.001). Conclusion: Although most operating surgeons worry about their exposure, the knowledge and the practical implementation of radiological protection measures in clinical practice is still insufficient. Education is key for better radiation protection in orthopaedic practice.","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78721213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Daytime Sleepiness on Work Performance: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study in a North African Population","authors":"S. M’saad, N. Kammoun, M. Hajjaji, N. Kallel, N. Bahloul, S. Rekik, Jihene Benthabet, M. Masmoudi, I. Yangui, S. Kammoun","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000270","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) has been shown to be associated with many serious health conditions. The impact on occupational health is still unclear as it was scarcely studied. Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the association of work performance with OSAHS and daytime sleepiness. Methods: A cross-transversal study was conducted including Tunisian active adult subjects referred for suspected sleep disordered breathing. All subjects completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI), and the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ9). They all underwent polygraph testing level 3. Result: One hundred thirty-nine subjects completed the survey, including 107 (77%) blue-collar workers, and 32 (23%) white-collar workers. Participants were classified as following: 50 patients with apnea hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 30 and 89 with AHI <30. Among the four outcomes of the WPAI scale, only presenteeism was associated with AHI (p=0.012). A significant association has been found between daytime sleepiness and three outcomes of WPAI. Sleepy patients with ESS ≥ 11 had lower work performance in terms of presenteeism (42.46 ± 28.40 vs. 24.71 ± 24.77 p=0.0001), absenteeism (12.26 ± 25.51 vs. 6.05 ± 18.32, p=0.101), overall work productivity loss (47.43 ± 31.65 vs. 26.58 ± 28.47, p= 0.0001), and decline in activity (46.67 ± 30.75 vs. 32.14 ± 27.02, p=0.004) in comparison with non-sleepy participants. A strong correlation of presenteeism and overall work productivity loss scores with ESS was demonstrated among white-collar workers (r=0.624, p=0.0001; r=0.602, p=0.0001 respectively). PHQ9 score was significantly higher in sleepy subjects (p=0.0001). Near miss accidents in the workplace and work related accidents were significantly more frequent in those with ESS ≥ 11 (p=0.012, p=0.026; respectively). Conclusion: The most relevant finding of this study was the involvement of daytime sleepiness in performance impairment, while the impact of AHI was less clear.","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82979922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noise Induced Work Places and Noise Related Occupational Risks","authors":"Dilşad Akal","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000275","url":null,"abstract":"Noise is broadly defined as unwanted sound that generally prevents people from performing at maximum ability and efficiency. Following air and water pollution, noise pollution is the third most critical environmental subject. Noise can be industrial noise, military noise, traffic noise, other kinds of environmental sourced noises, etc. Exposing noise by such ways, can result in increased nervous tension with associated psychological effects, some impairments to the audio-sensory mechanism, and lead to premature and/or permanent loss of hearing. Statistics show that among worldwide, exposing the high doses of noise, hearing loss and tinnitus are significant public health issues and the prevalence of these conditions among employees in industry is significantly greater than the general public. This study is a compilation of literature which presents noisy work places, negative effects of noise on workers’ health and the prevention plan of negative effects. In this research, the current situation about noise exposure in work places and its negative effects on workers are presented according to the statics and literature in Turkey and around world. After drawing the present frame of the picture, some recommendations will be given in order to prevent noise exposure and its negative side effects in industry.","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75051717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epicondylitis: An Ergonomics Issue that Begins With Pain – A Commentary","authors":"Jh Lange","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000269","url":null,"abstract":"Epicondylitis is a common cause of pain in the elbow and arm [1]. Generally, epicondylitis is observed in middle-aged patients with no predication for either gender. This disease state was first described in 1873 by Runge as a chronic degeneration condition associated with the wrist/arm. There are two basic forms of Epicondylitis, lateral and medial, when evaluated from an anatomical prospective. Medial epicondylitis (ME) (Golfer’s elbow) is the least common form observed and is a result of movement occurring in the wrist through “twisting” toward the palm. This can occur due to golf swings along with activities like chopping wood, repetitive hand movements that employ a tool or use of a chain saw [1]. ME is associated with the superficialis flexor digitorum and medial epicondyle. The more common form of injury involves the lateral epicondylitis (LE) which has an incidence rate of around 1 to 3 percent in the general population [1]. Higher incidence rates have been observed in occupational populations. LE is seen more frequently in workers that undertake forceful and repetitive activities that usually include awkward postures associated with movement of the elbow [2]. Recently, Descatha et al. [3] reported an association of LE with tasks that are strenuous in nature and support previous findings of activities that are repetitive more than 2 hours a day for hand tools greater than one kilogram. LE is associated with the extensor carpi radialis and lateral epicondyle. Both of these forms have been suggested to result in irritation and inflammation of the associated tendons (e.g. LE Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis) and muscles/structures [1,2]. However, actual pathophysiological mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84396330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Driving Benefit and Risk for Astronaut Health on Deep Space Missions","authors":"Martin Braddock","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000E114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000E114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85975227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Differences in the Subjective and Objective Markers for Fatigue Associated with Shift Work: A Pilot Study","authors":"Hitomi Tatsuta, Chie Ebata, Masayuki Tatmeichi","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000272","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study investigated if there were differences between men and women, in the indices of fatigue, as a result of shift work. Participants and methods: The participants were 24 nurses (12 men and 12 women), who were performing shift work at a hospital; they were matched by age, working hours and workplace. A self-administered survey was distributed, which included a set of questionnaires on the subjective symptoms and visual analogue scale [VAS] scores for fatigue. In addition, physiological tests (acceleration of pulse waves) and blood tests (reactive oxygen metabolite [d-ROM]; and biological antioxidant potential [BAP] were conducted before and after each of the three different shifts. Results: The subjective symptoms improved after the day and evening shifts, but worsened after the night shifts. For the VAS, the scores decreased after all the shifts; for the night shifts, the changes in the scores in the men were significantly greater than those observed in the women (p=0.001). On comparing the before and after-shift values of the three different shifts, no significant differences were observed for the evening or night shifts, in terms of the acceleration of pulse waves, d-ROM, or BAP. For the acceleration of pulse waves for the day shift, the values were elevated after the shift for men, while it decreased for women. Similarly, the results before and after the work shifts, in terms of BAP, were 184.9 ± 281.9 μmol/L for men and -160.4 ± 307.5 μmol/L for women, showing an increase in the men and a decrease in the women, after the shifts. However, there was no significant gender difference, in terms of the d-ROM. Conclusion: Gender differences were observed in the objective fatigue indicators, in spite of the fact that the mean age of both the men and women was the same and their workplace was the same. It is necessary to conduct future studies to clear support issues for shift working by gender.","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78993026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational Hazards for Radiotherapy Technicians in a Radiation Oncology Unit","authors":"A. Purkayastha","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000E115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000E115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88390394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids among Health Care Workers in Arada Sub-city Health Centers of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","authors":"Amerga Ew, Mekonnen Tg","doi":"10.4172/2329-6879.1000281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6879.1000281","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Healthcare professionals (HCPs) are at high possibility of constricting blood-borne infections due to their occupation. The occurrence of these infections among HCPs is higher in low-income countries (e.g. Ethiopia). This study intended to examine the degree of occupational exposure (OE) to BBFs and its associated factors among HCPs in Arada Sub-city, Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted from November 3, 2017, to December 19, 2017. Three hundred and sixty-one HCPs selected for study using a simple random sampling technique. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 20. To identify factors associated with blood and body fluids bivariate and multivariate analysis used. Results: Among health, care professional one hundred and forty-nine, (41.3%) of had have exposure to BBFs in the past year. Profession (Nurse)0.76 [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)0.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.26-0.98], Shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) in the Past Year 1.99 (AOR 1.86, 95% CI1.11-3.11), Lack lifetime training on IP8.18(AOR 7.08, 95% CI 3.57-14.03) and not Using PPE 2.19 (AOR 2.25, 95% CI 1.3 -3.89) were among the factors associated with OE to BBFs. Conclusions: This study shows a high proportion of HCP exposed to BBFs, Exposure to BBFs is observed in the practices carried out without proper equipment and standard precautions thus thereby ensuring the availability of proper equipment, proper training regarding the standard precautions and encouraging the HCPs to implement standard precautions to avoid such exposures.","PeriodicalId":19397,"journal":{"name":"Occupational medicine and health affairs","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77000547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}