{"title":"Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging analysis of salivary glands: effects of age and number of remaining teeth.","authors":"Erika Iwai, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Hirotaka Muraoka, Takumi Kondo, Kohei Otsuka, Tae Serizawa, Hajime Noda, Minami Akagi, Yoshimasa Ishii, Hirotaka Oomine","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01305-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10266-025-01305-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of aging and number of remaining teeth on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the submandibular and parotid glands. A total of 481 participants (230 men, 251 women) aged 20-89 years (mean: 53.70 years) were included. ADC values of the salivary glands were compared between men and women using the Mann-Whitney U test. Spearman's correlation coefficients were calculated using patient ages and number of remaining teeth as the explanatory variables and the ADC values as the outcome variables. In addition, multiple linear regression was performed to evaluate the independent effects of age and number of remaining teeth on ADC values for each salivary gland. The median (interquartile range (IQR)) ADC values (× 10<sup>-3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s) in the submandibular and parotid glands across all age groups were 1.14 (1.05-1.21) and 0.82 (0.73-0.91), respectively, in men (P = 0.07) and 1.15 (1.09-1.21) and 0.92 (0.83-1.01), respectively, in women (P < 0.001). The ADC values in the submandibular glands had a significant positive correlation with age (r = 0.157, P < 0.001). Meanwhile, the ADC values in the parotid glands had a significant negative correlation with age (r = -0.152, P < 0.001). Multiple linear regression showed that age independently affected parotid ADC, whereas the number of remaining teeth independently affected submandibular ADC. In some age groups, the ADC values of the submandibular and parotid glands increased with decreasing number of remaining teeth (P < 0.05). In the parotid gland, ADC values are mainly influenced by age, whereas in the submandibular gland, they are primarily affected by the number of remaining teeth. These effects vary across age groups. This highlights the importance of considering these factors when interpreting ADC measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":"2415-2422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145952625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OdontologyPub Date : 2026-10-01Epub Date: 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1007/s10266-025-01295-y
Yanrong Li, Yanhui Li, Shiying Liu
{"title":"IRF1-activated CA9 accelerates oral squamous cell carcinoma process via regulating cell glycolysis, migration, apoptosis and ferroptosis.","authors":"Yanrong Li, Yanhui Li, Shiying Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01295-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10266-025-01295-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) is confirmed to be widely expressed in many malignant tumors, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, more roles and potential molecular mechanisms of CA9 in OSCC progression need to be further elucidated. The mRNA and protein levels of CA9 and interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF1) were determined by qRT-PCR and western blot. Cell glycolysis was assessed via detecting glucose uptake, lactate production, pH and oxygen consumption rate. Cell migration and apoptosis were measured using transwell assay and flow cytometry. Meanwhile, ROS, SOD, MDA and Fe<sup>2+</sup> levels were tested to evaluate cell ferroptosis. The interaction between IRF1 and CA9 promoter was analyzed by ChIP assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Animal study was performed to assess the effect of IRF1 interference on OSCC tumorigenesis. CA9 was upregulated in OSCC tissues and cells. CA9 knockdown inhibited OSCC cell glycolysis and migration, while enhanced cell apoptosis and ferroptosis. Besides, IRF1 increased CA9 expression by promoting its transcription. Moreover, IRF1 silencing inhibited glycolysis, reduced migration, accelerated apoptosis and promoted ferroptosis in OSCC cells, while these effects were eliminated by CA9 overexpression. Also, animal study revealed that interference of IRF1 reduced OSCC tumor growth in vivo via decreasing CA9 level. IRF1-mediated transcriptional activation of CA9 could facilitate OSCC progression, providing a novel target for OSCC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":"2301-2311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145912519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OdontologyPub Date : 2026-10-01Epub Date: 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1007/s10266-025-01302-2
Rumeysa Yildirim, Isil Cekic-Nagas
{"title":"Comparison of fracture resistance of ceramic crowns supported by different abutment types.","authors":"Rumeysa Yildirim, Isil Cekic-Nagas","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01302-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10266-025-01302-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to compare the fracture resistance of monolithic zirconia crowns and lithium disilicate crowns cemented on multi-unit, Ti-base and titanium copings on multi-unit abutments. 66 dental implants were embedded in auto-polymerizing acrylic resin. Three different types of abutments were used: Ti-base, multi-unit, and titanium coping abutments on multi-unit bases (n = 22/group). The specimens were subgrouped according to two different restorative materials: monolithic zirconia and lithium disilicate (n = 11/group). All of the crowns were screw-retained and the screws were tightened to the manufacturer's recommended tightening values. The specimens were subjected to cyclic loading of 50 N at 2 Hz for 100.000 cycles in distilled water and thermocycling between 5 °C and 55 °C for 5.000 cycles. Then, maximum fracture load was measured using a universal testing machine, and fracture patterns were examined under a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. According to the results, there was a statistically significant difference between the types of abutments (p < 0.05). Additionally, significant differences were detected between the types of crown materials, with zirconia showing higher values than lithium disilicate (p < 0.05). Besides, all failures occurred as cohesive fractures within the crown material, no abutment or screw damage was observed. In conclusion, the abutment type and the material affected crown mechanics, with monolithic zirconia showing higher fracture resistance than lithium disilicate crowns. Furthermore, differences in abutment design affected the structural integrity of the restorations, underlining the importance of component selection in clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":"2340-2348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145896647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FK506 enhances bone morphogenetic protein 9-induced cementoblast differentiation in human cementoblast-lineage cells.","authors":"Masayuki Iwata, Toshiaki Nakamura, Kazuyuki Noguchi","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01264-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10266-025-01264-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) has strong osteogenic potential and has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for periodontal wound healing and regeneration. However, although BMP9 induces osteoblastic differentiation, its effects on cementoblasts and potential synergistic interactions with FK506, an immunosuppressive drug, are unknown. This study investigated the combined effects of BMP9 and FK506 treatment on cementoblast differentiation using a human cementoblast-like cell line, HCEM. BMP9 significantly upregulated alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization, and the expression of mineralized tissue-related genes, including IBSP and SPP1, in HCEM cells, with FK506 co-treatment further enhancing these effects. FK506 also augmented BMP9-induced phosphorylation of SMAD1/5/8, ERK1/2, and p38, as shown by western blotting. Moreover, silencing of FKBP1A, which encodes FK506-binding protein 12 (FKBP12)-a key regulator of BMP signaling-enhanced BMP9 responsiveness, confirming its regulatory role. Neither BMP9 nor FK506 affected cell proliferation. In conclusion, BMP9 induces cementoblast differentiation via SMAD1/5/8, ERK1/2, and p38 pathways in HCEM cells, which are further enhanced through the regulation of FKBP12 by FK506. The combination of BMP9 and FK506 may offer a promising strategy for periodontal wound healing and regeneration, warranting further preclinical and clinical investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":"2002-2011"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145564879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OdontologyPub Date : 2026-10-01Epub Date: 2025-11-22DOI: 10.1007/s10266-025-01266-3
Neşe Cızıroğlu, Didar Hartavi, Rafat Sasany, Ismail Akburak, Cem Hakan Palaz, Seyed Ali Mosaddad
{"title":"Optical and surface characteristics of additively manufactured resin composite following immersion in functional beverages: a layer thickness-based comparison.","authors":"Neşe Cızıroğlu, Didar Hartavi, Rafat Sasany, Ismail Akburak, Cem Hakan Palaz, Seyed Ali Mosaddad","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01266-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10266-025-01266-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an immune-enhancing vitamin C beverage and natural orange juice on the optical properties and surface roughness of an additively manufactured resin composite fabricated with different print layer thicknesses. Ninety disc-shaped specimens (12 × 2 mm) were printed from a resin composite (Bego VarseoSmile TriniQ) at 25-µm, 50-µm, and 100-µm layer thicknesses (n = 10 per subgroup) with a 90° build orientation. Initial relative translucency parameter (RTP), color (T0), and surface roughness (Ra) were measured. Specimens were then immersed for 72 h in either a vitamin C beverage (Mucovit C; pH 2.2-2.5), natural orange juice (pH 2.9-4.0), or distilled water. Post-immersion measurements (T1) were compared using two-way ANOVA, Tukey's HSD, one-way ANOVA, and paired t-tests (α = .05). At baseline, RTP was significantly higher for 25-µm compared to 100-µm specimens in the distilled water group (P = .006). After immersion, only the 25-µm group showed a significant RTP reduction (P = .024). Ra increased significantly in the 25-µm group after exposure to both acidic solutions (P < .05). Color change (ΔE₀₀) varied by thickness in orange juice (P = .037) and the vitamin C drink (P = .002), with 50-µm specimens showing the highest discoloration. No significant differences were found in distilled water or between beverage types (P > .05). Thinner print layers enhanced initial translucency, but were more prone to surface roughening and discoloration after acidic exposure, highlighting a trade-off in esthetic durability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":"2051-2061"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145582234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OdontologyPub Date : 2026-10-01Epub Date: 2025-11-08DOI: 10.1007/s10266-025-01255-6
Defne Toplu, Ali Keleş, Cangül Keskin
{"title":"Influence of root fusion on canal orifice configuration, lateral anatomy, isthmus formation, and apical morphology in maxillary second molars: a micro-CT analysis.","authors":"Defne Toplu, Ali Keleş, Cangül Keskin","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01255-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10266-025-01255-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the influence of root fusion on internal root morphology in maxillary second molars by comparing teeth with fused and independent roots using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), in terms of inter-orifice distances, lateral and accessory canal distribution, apical anatomy, isthmus prevalence, and type. Three hundred extracted maxillary second molars were classified as having fused or independent roots and scanned using micro-CT. Linear distances between canal orifices, vertical position of MB2, isthmus types, and canal ramifications were analyzed. ROC analysis was performed to determine the diagnostic utility of inter-orifice distances in predicting root fusion. Statistical comparisons between groups were made using independent samples t-tests and Chi-square tests with a significance threshold of 5%. Fused roots showed significantly shorter MB1-P and DB-P distances compared to independent roots (p < 0.05). Cutoff values of 3.87 mm (MB1-P) and 3.38 mm (DB-P) demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, respectively, for predicting fusion. The MB1-MB2 distance was not diagnostically useful (AUC < 0.5). Fused roots exhibited more bifid apices and a significantly higher number of apical foramina in mesiobuccal roots (p < 0.05). Independent roots had a higher number of accessory canals, particularly in MB roots. Type IV (isthmus without boundaries) isthmuses were more prevalent in the fused roots (p < 0.05). Fused roots exhibit distinct anatomical features compared to independent roots. Inter-orifice distances involving the palatal orifice may assist in identifying root fusion and anticipating complex canal configurations during endodontic treatment. Inter-orifice distances involving the palatal orifice (MB1-P, DB-P) were shorter in fused maxillary second molars in this ex vivo sample. Fused molars also tend to have more intricate anatomy with more bifid apices, higher mesiobuccal apical foramina counts, fewer accessory canals, and a greater prevalence of Type IV isthmuses compared with independent-rooted counterparts in the examined population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":"1937-1946"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145471555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OdontologyPub Date : 2026-10-01Epub Date: 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1007/s10266-025-01286-z
Ya Gao, Yi Lu, Kun Cao
{"title":"miR-135b-5p modulates the progression and clinical outcomes of oral squamous cell carcinoma through the negative regulation of TXNIP.","authors":"Ya Gao, Yi Lu, Kun Cao","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01286-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10266-025-01286-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignant tumor of the oral cavity with a poor prognosis. Purpose This study aimed to investigate the expression, biological functions, and clinical significance of miR-135b-5p in OSCC. Methods Bioinformatic analysis was used to predict targets of miR-135b-5p, and a dual-luciferase reporter assay verified the targeting relationship with TXNIP. In OSCC cell lines, cell proliferation and migration were assessed using CCK-8 and Transwell assays, respectively; oxidative damage and ferroptosis were evaluated by detecting intracellular levels of Fe<sup>2</sup>⁺, ROS, MDA, SOD, and related molecular markers. Additionally, peripheral blood samples from 117 OSCC patients were collected to analyze the correlation between miR-135b-5p and TXNIP expression and their relationship with clinicopathological parameters and patient prognosis. Results MiR-135b-5p was significantly upregulated in OSCC cells and patient blood, while TXNIP was downregulated. Overexpression of miR-135b-5p promoted OSCC cell proliferation and migration. Inhibition had the opposite effects. The dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-135b-5p directly targets and negatively regulates TXNIP. Inhibition of miR-135b-5p or overexpression of TXNIP induced oxidative damage and promoted ferroptosis. Conversely, miR-135b-5p overexpression reduced H₂O₂-induced ferroptosis-an effect reversed by concurrent TXNIP overexpression. Clinical analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between miR-135b-5p and TXNIP expression. High miR-135b-5p expression or low TXNIP expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and poorer overall survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that both were independent prognostic factors for OSCC. Conclusion The miR-135b-5p/TXNIP axis critically regulates OSCC progression through ferroptosis and may serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for OSCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":"2226-2236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145805388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OdontologyPub Date : 2026-10-01Epub Date: 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1007/s10266-026-01310-w
Eda Gursu Sahin, Zuhal Ovuz
{"title":"Three-dimensional CBCT analysis of root canal morphology of mandibular premolars using two classification systems.","authors":"Eda Gursu Sahin, Zuhal Ovuz","doi":"10.1007/s10266-026-01310-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10266-026-01310-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the root canal morphology, radicular groove (RG) presence, and canal separation level (FCAP) in mandibular premolars of a Turkish population were evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). CBCT images of 3594 mandibular premolars from 402 males and 564 females were analyzed. Root canal morphology was classified using Vertucci's system and Ahmed's classification. RG presence and location and FCAP levels were also recorded. The most common configuration in Ahmed's classification was <sup>1</sup>TN<sup>1</sup>, followed by <sup>1</sup>TN<sup>1-2</sup>. Vertucci Configuration I was the most frequent, with Configuration V being the second most common. Some canal configurations showed significant sex-related differences (p < 0.01), whereas no age-related differences were found. Bilateral symmetry was generally high. RGs were more common in first premolars and were usually located in the middle third. RG presence was associated with Vertucci Configuration V and with the <sup>1</sup>TN<sup>1-2</sup> and <sup>2</sup>TNB<sup>1</sup>L<sup>1</sup> configurations. FCAP was most frequently located in the middle third of the root. The root canal morphology of mandibular premolars exhibited a high degree of bilateral symmetry, while complex configurations were associated with the presence of RGs and the level of canal separation (FCAP). These findings have clinical relevance for planning canal shaping and irrigation strategies in endodontic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":"2464-2474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13631026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146011331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OdontologyPub Date : 2026-10-01Epub Date: 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1007/s10266-025-01291-2
Mai Samy Sheta, Zienab E Eldin
{"title":"Evaluations of high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement modified by eucalyptus extract-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles: in vitro study.","authors":"Mai Samy Sheta, Zienab E Eldin","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01291-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10266-025-01291-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glass-ionomer cements offer unique qualities, including bulk insertion, chemical adhesion to tooth tissues, fluoride release, as well as recharge. This study aimed to assess the effect of addition of eucalyptus extract-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (EE@MSNs) to high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement HVGIC on its mechanical properties, antimicrobial activity, and fluoride release. EE@MSNs were prepared and characterized. Then, they were added to HVGIC Fuji IX at weight percentages of 1%, 3%, and 5% to create three experimental groups which were compared with the unmodified control group. Compressive strength, Vickers microhardness, and antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans were evaluated. Fluoride release was assessed after 24 h and 7 days. HVGIC modified by 1% and 3% EE@MSNs recorded significant improvement in compressive strength and Vickers microhardness compared to control groups. While higher ratio 5% showed decline in the mechanical properties. Experimental groups recorded significant increase in antibacterial activity and fluoride release when compared to control group and this increase was proportional to EE@MSNs percentage. Addition of 1 and 3 wt.% EE@MSNs could be considered a promising approach to modify properties of HVGICs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":"2256-2267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13631022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146011360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of the analgesic effect of sublingual administration of wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum) extract for dental pain management in irreversible pulpitis: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Saleem Sabah, Krishnakumar Shobana, Suresh Mitthra, Manavalan Madhana Madhubala, Kondas Vijay Venkatesh","doi":"10.1007/s10266-026-01323-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10266-026-01323-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this randomized clinical trial was to compare the analgesic effectiveness of sublingual administration of wheatgrass (WG) and piroxicam, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), for patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, with or without apical periodontitis. Forty-five patients aged 18-40 years were recruited and randomly allocated into three groups receiving the sublingual drug administration: Group 1-WG (500 mg); Group 2-Piroxicam (20 mg); Group 3-Placebo sugar tablet (20 mg) (control). Pain intensity was assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS; 0-10) prior to administration and again 30 min after the respective interventions. The onset of analgesic action was also recorded for each participant. Statistical comparisons among the groups were conducted using one-way ANOVA with the significance threshold set at p < 0.05. Both sublingual WG and piroxicam demonstrated significantly greater reductions in pain scores compared with the placebo group after 30 min. Notably, participants receiving WG exhibited a significantly higher degree of pain reduction than those receiving piroxicam. These findings suggest that WG may offer a rapid and effective analgesic response when administered sublingually. Given its natural origin, WG may serve as a promising adjunct or alternative to conventional NSAIDs for the short-term management of acute dental pain associated with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.Trial registration: This clinical trial was prospectively registered in Clinical Trial Registry of India under the registration number of CTRI/2024/12/078719 dated on 30/12/2024 ( https://www.ctri.nic.in/ ).</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":"2580-2590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146119586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}