Nutricion hospitalaria最新文献

{"title":"[A scoping review of immunonutrients with antioxidant properties and their effect on mild cognitive impairment and dementia in the elderly].","authors":"Leticia San Millán Gutiérrez, Rosa López-Mongil, Luis Cabañas Alite, Verónica Casanova-Muñoz, Mónica García-García, Ángela Hernández-Ruiz","doi":"10.20960/nh.06743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.06743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>a significant percentage of the elderly population suffers from mild cognitive impairment or dementia, affecting memory and learning functions.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>to synthesise the evidence on supplementation with immunonutrients containing antioxidants and its effect on the progression of mild cognitive impairment and dementia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>a scoping review was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed) Embase and Web of Sciencie (WoS), developing a search strategy combining MeSH terms, free keywords, Boolean operators, and filters. The strategy was based on three search equations (supplementation; immunonutrient components; dementia and cognitive impairment). Findings were reported according to PRISMA ScR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>a total of 803 references were compiled, of which 12 were selected (n = 8 randomised clinical trials, n = 3 cohort studies and n = 1 open clinical trial). Significant evidence was observed for vitamins E (α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol and β-tocopherol), A and D3, folic acid, vitamin B12, carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin, meso-zeaxanthin and xanthophyll) and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid) and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (gamma-linolenic acid and linoleic acid). The synergy between B9 (folic acid) and B12 had the most significant effects on cognitive improvement, together with supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA). The results obtained after supplementation with several antioxidant immunonutrients vary depending on the initial diagnosis of the participants, with the greatest benefits found in individuals diagnosed with cognitive impairment or mild dementia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>current evidence suggests that immunonutrition could be a promising strategy for maintaining brain health and delaying cognitive decline, although clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Sociodemographic, behavioral, and social support determinants of dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension in a Spanish working population].","authors":"Pere Riutord-Sbert, Pedro Juan Tárraga López, Ángel Arturo López González, Irene Coll Campayo, Carla Busquets-Cortés, José Ignacio Ramírez-Manent","doi":"10.20960/nh.06671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.06671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Key risk factors include dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. Additionally, psychosocial aspects such as social support have gained increasing importance in their development and prevention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>a cross-sectional study was conducted among 117,298 Spanish workers. Associations between sociodemographic variables (age, sex, social class), lifestyle habits (smoking, Mediterranean diet, physical activity), and social support with the presence of dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was higher in men, older individuals, and lower social classes. Smoking, low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and physical inactivity were significantly associated with increased risk. Furthermore, low social support remained significantly associated with a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension after adjustment for age, sex, social class, smoking, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and physical activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>these findings highlight the importance of implementing comprehensive workplace preventive strategies that promote healthy lifestyles and strengthen social support networks to reduce the cardiovascular disease burden in the working population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoping review of the critical aspects of plant-based dietary interventions and their effects on the human gut microbiota composition.","authors":"Marcell Leonario-Rodríguez, Francisca Peña D'Ardaillon, Constanza Luzanto, Gladys Ruth Morales Illanes, Elizabeth Carrazana","doi":"10.20960/nh.06456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.06456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>dietary interventions represent one of the most effective strategies for modulating the composition of the human gut microbiome and plant-based diets (PBD) have demonstrated their influence based on cross-sectional descriptive studies. However, evidence from interventional studies has not been fully substantiated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>to identify and characterize the effects of plant-based dietary interventions on the composition of the human intestinal microbiome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>a literature search was conducted in the Scopus and PubMed databases for all studies published to date that have investigated plant-based dietary interventions and assessed their effects on the composition of the human intestinal microbiome. The revision was conducted according to the established protocols for scoping reviews by Peters et al. and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>eighteen studies were included, encompassing a wide range of plant based dietary patterns, intervention duration, study population and microbiome assessment methods. While several studies reported changes in specific microbial taxa or diversity, findings were highly heterogeneous and varied according to baseline participant characteristics, dietary definitions and methodological approaches.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>the studies assessing the effect of plant-based dietary interventions on the composition of the human gut microbiome are still limited and employ a diversity of methods that do not allow definitive conclusions regarding the consistency or clinical relevance of reported microbiome changes. This scoping review highlights important methodological and conceptual gaps, underscoring the need for more standardised research to clarify the role of plant-based dietary patterns in gut microbiome modulation across different health contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to WHO severe acute malnutrition guidelines and mortality in critically ill children ‒ A cohort study in a pediatric intensive care unit.","authors":"Raúl Copana-Olmos, Eduardo Suárez-Barrientos, Nils Casson-Rodríguez, Juan Marcos Medina Bustos, Wara Ledezma-Hurtado, Alan Sarmiento-Zurita, Santiago Campos-Miño","doi":"10.20960/nh.06549","DOIUrl":"10.20960/nh.06549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Background: this study aims to characterize clinical adherence in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and to analyze its association with 28-day in-hospital mortality. Methods: retrospective cohort study in a Bolivian PICU between 2022 and 2024. Children aged 1 month to 15 years diagnosed with SAM were included. Adherence to the WHO 10-step protocol and its association with mortality were evaluated. Results: sixty-nine patients were analyzed; median age 12 months (IQR 8-24). In-hospital mortality was 42 % in severe acute malnutrition (SAM) patients admitted in PICU. Adherence to WHO guidelines during the first 7 days was 62 %, four interventions showed a significant association with survival (p < 0.001): prevention and treatment of hypoglycemia, management of hypothermia, appropriate rehydration, and early enteral feeding. In survival analysis, early adherence to these steps demonstrated a significant reduction in risk of death (HR 0.45; 95 % CI 0.22-0.91). Conclusion: adherence to WHO guidelines for the management of children with SAM in PICU settings was low. Improving adherence to these interventions, especially during the first 3 days, might reduce mortality, and strategies adapted to the PICU context are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":"937-944"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148352580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Evolution of weight and body mass index in the child population of Almagro (Ciudad Real, Spain) in the last 12 years and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic].","authors":"Javier Gargallo Vaamonde, Luis Gargallo García, José Ángel Cerro Guzmán","doi":"10.20960/nh.06507","DOIUrl":"10.20960/nh.06507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Introduction: the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has steadily increased over the past two decades, both in Spain and globally. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted lifestyles, impacting children's diet and physical activity. Objective: we retrospectively analyzed the evolution of weight and BMI (body mass index) in 563 children aged 4 to 14 years, comparing three periods: pre-pandemic (until 2019), pandemic (2021-2022), and post-pandemic (2023-2024). Results: before 2020, a significant weight gain trend was already present: weight Z-scores increased by +0.21 SD (standard deviations) between the ages of 4 and 6. The lockdown drastically accelerated weight gain; weight Z-scores increased by up to +0.41 SD between the ages of 4 and 6 in the immediate post-lockdown phase, nearly doubling the baseline trend. Two years later, in the late post-pandemic phase, a partial reduction in weight was observed (-0.20 SD at age 14), indicating that weight gain has not been fully reversed. The consolidation of excess weight was also found: the combined rates of overweight and obesity (BMI Z-score > +1 SD) had increased: 42.2 % at age 12 and 40.5 % at age 14. Conclusions: a significant weight gain was observed during the pandemic, especially in younger children, with partial persistence. The sustained increase in overweight and obesity rates highlights the urgent need for preventive strategies and monitoring of lifestyle habits in the pediatric population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":"991-998"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147932034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct costs and resource utilization of home enteral nutrition in Argentina: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Mariana Luciana Duje, Hernán René Scharlovsky, Adriana Crivelli, Fabricio Pochettino, María Fernanda Cascarón, Gabriela Capurro, Marcelo Puga, Martín Buncuga, Óscar Soria, Agustín Flores, Lucas Morando, Daría Foursova, Andrés Luciano Nicolás Martinuzzi","doi":"10.20960/nh.06682","DOIUrl":"10.20960/nh.06682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Background: home enteral nutrition (HEN) maintains nutritional status in patients unable to feed orally. While established globally, data on its costs in Argentina are scarce. This study aimed to describe HEN costs and analyze differences between permanent and temporary enteral access. Methods: we conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study of 1,400 adult patients receiving exclusive HEN in October 2024. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and direct costs (healthcare/non-healthcare) were collected and converted to U.S. dollars. Patients were grouped by access type: temporary (nasoenteric tube) or permanent (ostomy). Quantile regression identified cost determinants. Results: mean age was 59.6 ± 24 years; 76.7 % used permanent access. The median total monthly direct cost was USD 230.77 (IQR, 167.84-308.74). Enteral formula was the largest expense (median USD 120.24). No significant difference was found in total direct costs between groups (p = 0.428). However, temporary access incurred higher professional fees (p < 0.001). Regression confirmed formula and supplies as main cost predictors (p < 0.001). Conclusions: HEN costs in this Argentinian cohort are driven primarily by supplies and formula, not access type. While permanent access did not reduce overall costs, it lowered professional fees, suggesting it optimizes resource utilization when clinically indicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":"976-984"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148150859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Toward a multidimensional assessment in clinical nutrition: quality of life as a priority outcome].","authors":"Gabriel Olveira, José Manuel Moreno Villares","doi":"10.20960/nh.07025","DOIUrl":"10.20960/nh.07025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":"935-936"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muscle mass gain and strength recovery after discharge of critical COVID-19 patients treated with mesenchymal stromal cell infusion: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Jessica Alves de Paula, Estela Iraci Rabito, Carmen Lúcia Kuniyoshi Rebelatto, Alexandra Cristina Senegaglia, Claudio Luciano Franck, Patrícia Shigunov, Marco Augusto Stimamiglio, Alejandro Correa Dominguez, Cleverson Alex Leitão, Maria Cristina Gonzalez, Odery Ramos Junior","doi":"10.20960/nh.06632","DOIUrl":"10.20960/nh.06632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Introduction: during the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with severe infection suffered from profound muscle loss and physical dysfunction. The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) could represent a new therapeutic strategy, reducing post-COVID-19 sequelae. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of MSC infusion on body composition, functionality, and the occurrence and severity of sarcopenia in critically ill COVID-19 patients after hospital discharge, correlating with clinical outcomes, viral load, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Methods: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase I/II, single-center study with 16 ICU patients (MSC = 10; placebo = 6) who received three intravenous doses of 5 × 10⁵ MSCs/kg. After discharge (at two and four months), patients underwent anthropometric assessment, body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and functional tests [handgrip strength (HGS), gait speed (GS), and \"Timed Up and Go\" (TUG)] to diagnose sarcopenia. Cytokines, viral load, CRP, ferritin, and chest CT scans were also evaluated. Results: nine patients completed follow-up (MSC = 5; placebo = 4). Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (p = 0.004), appendicular skeletal muscle index (p = 0.004), phase angle (p = 0.014), left arm circumference (p = 0.033) and HGS (p = 0.009) showed better results for the MSCs group compared to the placebo group between two and four months. TUG improved in both groups (p = 0.039). There was no difference in the diagnosis of sarcopenia between the groups. Myosteatosis was present in most patients. Conclusion: MSCs infusion positively impacted the recovery of muscle mass and strength after severe COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":"945-955"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148150837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Observations on the conclusions regarding vitamin K levels in the article \"Serum vitamin levels in critically ill patients and their relationship with prognosis\"].","authors":"Vicente Gimeno Ballester","doi":"10.20960/nh.06426","DOIUrl":"10.20960/nh.06426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":"1170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147777379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[MedPlate Method™ ‒ A visual approach to nutritional education in eating disorders based on the mediterranean dietary pattern].","authors":"Viviana Loria-Kohen, Marlhyn Valero-Pérez, Isabel Campos Del Portillo, Diana Monserrat de la Cruz López, Néstor Benítez Brito","doi":"10.20960/nh.06786","DOIUrl":"10.20960/nh.06786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Family-based therapy is the main evidence-based outpatient treatment for children and adolescents with eating disorders. In this context, nutritional education and family guidance can be carried out using different strategies, including calorie counting, exchange lists, and visual models and resources such as the Plate-by-Plate Approach®. The objectives of this study were to develop a visual resource adapted to the Mediterranean diet pattern and the eating and gastronomic habits of Spain, and to evaluate the energy and macro- and micronutrient contribution, as well as the methodology's nutritional quality, using models such as the Plate-by-Plate Approach® as a reference. The MedPlate Method™ was designed as a graphical tool that accounts for meals being distributed on a single plate or two plates. Different recipes and menus were developed according to cultural preferences, and their composition and nutritional quality were analyzed using specialized software. The results show that the MedPlate Method™ allows for meeting energy intake requirements and the recommended intakes for most nutrients. Further studies are needed to evaluate and validate the usefulness of the MedPlate Method™, a new nutritional education tool designed to help professionals and serve as a guide for family members and caregivers of eating disorder patients who are metabolically stable and not at risk of refeeding syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":"1152-1163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148259085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}