Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms最新文献

{"title":"An experimental setup for the study of gas-cell processes for the S3-Low Energy Branch","authors":"E. Morin ,&nbsp;W. Dong ,&nbsp;V. Manea ,&nbsp;A. Claessens ,&nbsp;S. Damoy ,&nbsp;R. Ferrer ,&nbsp;S. Franchoo ,&nbsp;S. Geldhof ,&nbsp;T. Hourat ,&nbsp;Yu. Kudryavtsev ,&nbsp;N. Lecesne ,&nbsp;R. Leroy ,&nbsp;D. Lunney ,&nbsp;V. Marchand ,&nbsp;E. Minaya Ramirez ,&nbsp;S. Raeder ,&nbsp;S. Roset ,&nbsp;Ch. Vandamme ,&nbsp;P. Van den Bergh ,&nbsp;P. Van Duppen","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present an experimental setup dedicated to the study of in-gas ion processes and characterization of gas stopping cells for the Low Energy Branch of the Super Separator Spectrometer (S<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>) at SPIRAL2-GANIL. The first application is the development of a new gas stopper with a neutralization mechanism designed for faster extraction of the radioactive ions. This development should enable in-gas-jet laser spectroscopy and other low-energy experiments with shorter lived radioactive isotopes. We discuss in detail the motivation and objectives of these developments and we present the results of simulations performed in the design phase, as well as the first experimental results. A simulated efficiency of the setup in ion-guiding mode as large as <span><math><mrow><mo>≈</mo><mn>90</mn><mtext>%</mtext></mrow></math></span> is obtained, compared to a preliminary experimental efficiency on the order of 25%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"573 ","pages":"Article 166027"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical and structural tuning of calcium fluoride films via low-temperature swift heavy ion irradiation","authors":"J.J. Mboukam ,&nbsp;D.C. Chilukusha ,&nbsp;N. Kheswa ,&nbsp;M. Madhuku ,&nbsp;M. Msimanga","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Calcium fluoride (<span><math><mi>CaF</mi></math></span> ₂) films are important for optical and optoelectronic applications due to their unique properties. This study investigates the optical and structural modifications of <span><math><mi>CaF</mi></math></span> ₂ thin films (25, 50, and 75 nm) deposited on Si(100) substrates and subjected to swift heavy ion (SHI) irradiation at room and low temperatures. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) confirmed the films’ stoichiometry, chemical purity, and thickness. Raman spectroscopy revealed the characteristic <span><math><mi>T</mi></math></span> _2g vibrational mode of fluorite around 320 cm⁻¹ in pristine films. Upon irradiation, peak broadening and frequency shifts appeared, reflecting lattice disorder and the formation of calcium colloidal defects. These structural changes were less pronounced under low-temperature irradiation, indicating improved lattice stability. UV–Vis measurements showed thickness-dependent absorption and bandgap variations, with low-temperature irradiation reducing the bandgap to 1.92 eV for the thickest films. Overall, the results demonstrate the potential of low-temperature irradiation to precisely control defect formation and tailor the structural and optical properties of <span><math><mi>CaF</mi></math></span> ₂ thin films for optoelectronic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"573 ","pages":"Article 166041"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of irradiation-resistant nitride targets for the measurement of 14N(p,γ)15O","authors":"Shen Lin ,&nbsp;Xin Chen ,&nbsp;Jun Su ,&nbsp;Liyong Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianjun He ,&nbsp;Bin Liao ,&nbsp;Yangping Shen ,&nbsp;Size Chen ,&nbsp;Dan Xiao ,&nbsp;Yong Zhang ,&nbsp;Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Menglin Qiu ,&nbsp;Chi Xu ,&nbsp;Shilun Jin ,&nbsp;Fei Lu ,&nbsp;Luohuan Wang ,&nbsp;Zhilin Shen ,&nbsp;Xinyue Li ,&nbsp;Ziming Li ,&nbsp;Hao Zhang ,&nbsp;Junwen Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ¹⁴N<span><math><msup><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>γ</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>15</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>O reaction plays a crucial role in studies of hydrogen burning. Irradiation-resistant nitride targets are essential for extending direct measurements of this reaction to lower energies. In this work, we fabricated nitride targets using filter cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) and low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) techniques. The thickness and chemical composition of the targets, as well as the impurity levels of the TiN targets, were evaluated through corresponding reaction measurements. The results indicate that FCVA-fabricated TiN targets exhibit the best comprehensive performance. The deterioration of the TiN targets under the bombardment of a <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span> <span><math><mn>2</mn></math></span> mA proton beam was investigated by monitoring the yield curves. The reduction rates of the atomic areal density for these targets were found to be in the range of 0.084–0.16%/C. The prepared TiN targets successfully advanced the measurement of ¹⁴N<span><math><msup><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>γ</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>15</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>O reaction to <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>110</mn></mrow></math></span> keV in a ground laboratory, which will enable further extension to <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>70</mn></mrow></math></span> keV at the Jinping Underground Nuclear Astrophysics facility (JUNA) in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"573 ","pages":"Article 166039"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation-induced crystalline-to-amorphous transition in SiC nanocrystals: Role of nucleation barriers","authors":"Yuriy Bilogorodskyy,&nbsp;Aram Shirinyan,&nbsp;Volodymyr Storizhko","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2025.165998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2025.165998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Irradiation of crystalline SiC generates point defects — interstitials, vacancies, and antisites — that strongly influence material properties and can induce amorphization in nanocrystalline SiC. This work presents a theoretical framework for describing the effects of radiation-induced defects, grain size, and grain-boundary energies on the phase stability of 3C-SiC nanograins under irradiation. Using Gibbs thermodynamics combined with chemical rate theory, we model the formation, annihilation, and time evolution of point defects within individual nanograins. We construct grain-size-dependent defect concentration profiles and demonstrate that amorphization is a first-order phase transition that requires explicit treatment of nucleation. By incorporating nucleation effects, we predict a decrease in the amorphization dose with decreasing grain size, in close agreement with experimental observations for nanoscale SiC and nanodispersed composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"573 ","pages":"Article 165998"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous extraction of cosmogenic and interstellar radionuclides from lunar soil","authors":"Sebastian Zwickel ,&nbsp;Sebastian Fichter ,&nbsp;Dominik Koll ,&nbsp;Michael Hotchkis ,&nbsp;Johannes Lachner ,&nbsp;Marc Norman ,&nbsp;Stefan Pavetich ,&nbsp;Georg Rugel ,&nbsp;Konstanze Stübner ,&nbsp;Stephen Tims ,&nbsp;Anton Wallner","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lunar soil represents a unique archive for interstellar radionuclides as it accumulates incoming interstellar dust particles over millions of years. In this work, we present a chemical procedure to simultaneously extract cosmogenic ¹⁰Be, ²⁶Al, ⁴¹Ca, and ⁵³Mn, as well as supernova-produced ⁶⁰Fe, from a single soil sample for accelerator mass spectrometry. It also allows for future extraction of <em>r</em>-process ²⁴⁴Pu and ²⁴⁷Cm. The necessity of a full digestion and the advantages of a two-step digestion are shown using Apollo 11 soil 10084. Initial results confirm the detection of interstellar ⁶⁰Fe. A grain-size dependency was observed when applying leaching only.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"573 ","pages":"Article 166008"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights from 14C analysis using TJUAMS","authors":"Kejun Dong,&nbsp;Lixin Zhang,&nbsp;Sheng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a powerful analytical technique for radiocarbon detection, accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) has revolutionized ¹⁴C measurement across interdisciplinary researches. The Tianjin University AMS (TJUAMS) facility, a multi-nuclide analytical platform, has accumulated seven years of operational experience, and processed more than 6,000 ¹⁴C samples. Through comprehensive ¹⁴C-AMS measurements and systematic data analyses, multiple critical factors affecting analytical accuracy have been identified, including: (1) precise cathode alignment, (2) optimal ion beam current intensity, (3) accurate δ¹³C correction implementation, and (4) proper ratio normalization protocols. This study presents comprehensive comprehensively experimental data sets which express these effects, and evaluates their systematic effects on the measurement outcomes, and provides methodological insights relevant to the broader AMS community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"573 ","pages":"Article 166055"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monte Carlo study of gamma radiation shielding capabilities of PVC-based composites reinforced with heavy transition metal carbides","authors":"Amina Hadjal ,&nbsp;Asmaa Saim ,&nbsp;Ferdi Akman ,&nbsp;Hasan Özdoğan ,&nbsp;Anis Samy Amine Dib ,&nbsp;Abdelghani Tebboune","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the gamma radiation shielding properties of PVC-based composites containing 50%, 60%, and 70% mass fractions of heavy transition metal (TM) carbides (HfC, TaC, and WC) were investigated. The evaluation was conducted based on several shielding parameters, build-up factors and the production of generated secondary radiation using the GEANT4, MCNP6, and PHITS Monte Carlo codes over an energy range of 0.05–10 MeV. The simulation results showed a strong correlation with WinXCOM theoretical data, demonstrating the reliability of the Monte Carlo methods. Moreover, increasing the heavy metal carbide content in the PVC matrix improved the shielding efficiency, as indicated by higher values of the linear attenuation coefficient (μ), mass attenuation coefficient (μ_m), effective atomic number (Z_eff), and effective electron density (N_eff), along with lower mean free path (MFP), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), and lead-equivalent thickness (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>eq</mi></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>. Among the studied composites, PVC-70WC demonstrated the highest effectiveness, whereas PVC-70TaC and PVC-70HfC exhibited slightly lower performance. These results suggest that PVC composites reinforced with heavy transition metal carbides (PVC/TMCs) are promising lead-free substitutes for gamma-ray shielding applications in radiodiagnostics and nuclear medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"573 ","pages":"Article 166045"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of lithological regulation on coseismic landslide depths using detrital 10Be dilution","authors":"Jiajun Peng ,&nbsp;Yuki Matsushi","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the feasibility of using the dilution concept of cosmogenic nuclides in fluvial sediment to quantify the coseismic landslide depths regulated by the lithological conditions of hillslopes was demonstrated. The model was applied to mountainous watersheds underlain by granitoids and phyllite subjected to extensive bedrock landslides during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. On the basis of the compiled datasets of postevent detrital ¹⁰Be concentrations and a thorough landslide inventory, the landslide area–volume scaling parameters were calibrated for each lithology. The optimal parameter values indicated that the landslides tended to be shallower in massive granitoids than in phyllites, in which highly discontinuous bedrock caused deep-seated landslides. These results support the feasibility of nuclide dilution modeling in landslide studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"573 ","pages":"Article 166048"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of essential trace elements in selected medicinal plants by using proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE)","authors":"S.N. Tanha ,&nbsp;A.A. Nishat ,&nbsp;S.M. Fahad ,&nbsp;F.A. Sabbir Ahamed ,&nbsp;Shirin Akter ,&nbsp;M.Z. Ahsan","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concentration of essential elements K, Ca, Mn, Fe and Zn were measured in the five medicinal plants, <em>Catharanthus roseus, Rauvolfia serpentina, Aloe barbadensis, Kalanchoe pinnata</em> and <em>Azadirachta indica</em> using the Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) technique. Pellets were irradiated with a 2.5 MeV proton beam. Spectrum analysis and data acquisition were executed utilizing MAESTRO and GUPIX/DAN-32 software. The purpose of this study is to measure the concentration of essential trace components in studied<!--> <!-->medicinal plants. The PIXE technique was chosen for its high sensitivity and accuracy, minimal sample preparation. K and Ca were the predominant where Fe, Mn, and Zn present in adequate concentrations in most plants. Almost all measured values were within safe limits compared to standard reference materials (SRM 1547), World Health Organization (WHO) and United States Environmental Protection Agency (USPEA). Hence, the medicinal plants studied are safe and valuable sources of essential elements for phytotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"573 ","pages":"Article 166037"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light collection investigation of plastic scintillator for gamma-ray detection","authors":"Rizka Fitriana ,&nbsp;Holnisar Holnisar ,&nbsp;Marrisa Arlinkha Ega Putri ,&nbsp;Muhammad Yasin Yunus ,&nbsp;Arif Rachmanto ,&nbsp;Guntur Eko Putro ,&nbsp;Adhi Harmoko Saputro ,&nbsp;Rahmawati Rahmawati","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2026.166016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The investigation of light collection in plastic scintillators for gamma-ray detection is critical for enhancing their performance in high-energy physics, medical imaging, and radiation monitoring. This study systematically investigates the effects of optical grease and wrapping materials on light collection efficiency and the resulting light output. Two types of scintillators with contrasting transparency properties were tested: commercial scintillators with 68% transmittance and fabricated scintillators (PS1) with 2% transmittance. Results demonstrate that higher optical transparency significantly enhances light output. Silicone grease, as an optical coupling agent, moderately improved light collection efficiency, reducing losses by 21–36% compared to air coupling. Among wrapping materials, Teflon tape achieved the most efficient light collection, minimizing losses to as low as 10%, whereas aluminum foil tape resulted in losses of up to 53%. Additionally, the type of reflector wrapping impacted energy resolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"573 ","pages":"Article 166016"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}