Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms最新文献

{"title":"Fast measurement of the quasi-monochromatic MeV γ-beam flux using the 63Cu( γ, n)62Cu reaction at the Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source","authors":"Zhi-Cai Li ,&nbsp;Yu-Xuan Yang ,&nbsp;Wen Luo ,&nbsp;Gong-Tao Fan ,&nbsp;Hong-Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Long-Xiang Liu ,&nbsp;Zi-Rui Hao ,&nbsp;Hang-Hua Xu ,&nbsp;Xin-Xiang Li ,&nbsp;Yun Yuan ,&nbsp;Yue Zhang ,&nbsp;Sheng Jin ,&nbsp;Kai-Jie Chen ,&nbsp;Pu Jiao ,&nbsp;Meng-Die Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhen-Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Qian-Kun Sun ,&nbsp;Shan Ye ,&nbsp;Rui-Rui Xu ,&nbsp;Chuang-Ye He","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source (SLEGS) is a powerful laser-Compton scattering (LCS) <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>-ray facility that provides a quasi-monochromatic MeV <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>-ray beam with a moderate flux of 10<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>-10<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> photons/s. Accurate and fast measurement of the SLEGS <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>-beam flux is critical for the upcoming photonuclear experiments. In this study, an activation method based on ⁶³Cu(<span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>, n)⁶²Cu reaction is proposed for fast measurement of the SLEGS <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>-beam flux. By operating at a low beam flux of 10<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>-10<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> photons/s, the SLEGS <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>-beam flux is measured within the energy range of 11.66-19.08 MeV. The <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>-beam flux as a function of laser power is also investigated. It was found that the flux data obtained by the proposed method is in reasonable agreement with the online monitoring of the LaBr<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> detector and the GEANT4 simulations. The dependence of the total time (the sum of the irradiation time, the cooling time, and the detection time for identifying characteristic <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>-ray emission) on the <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>-beam flux is further studied. The total time could be controlled within 100 s when the beam flux exceeds 10<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>8</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> photons/s, suggesting the great potential of the ⁶³Cu activation method to quasi-real-time measure the LCS <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>-ray beam at high flux conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"559 ","pages":"Article 165595"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inelastic Ion-Surface collisions and physics education","authors":"F. Chiappetta ,&nbsp;C. Meringolo ,&nbsp;P. Riccardi ,&nbsp;G. Prete","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2025.165613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2025.165613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The physics of inelastic ion-surface collisions has interesting point of contact with curricular arguments of secondary school programs, which makes possible interesting educational activities for school pupils in research laboratories. On this basis, in these last years we developed educational activities aimed at introducing school pupils to topics of active scientific research and of societal relevance. Since the education and public outreach is becoming increasingly important in the working life of research scientists, we would like to discuss some of the didactic activities developed, that could be of interest for the broad community of the inelastic ion-surface collisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"559 ","pages":"Article 165613"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between manufacturing and trade: IBA analyses of archaeological glass finds discovered at two Dacian settlements: Sarmizegetusa Regia and Piroboridava","authors":"Roxana Bugoi ,&nbsp;Despina Măgureanu ,&nbsp;Massimo Chiari ,&nbsp;Laurent Pichon ,&nbsp;Cătălin Cristescu ,&nbsp;Paul Ciobotaru","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This publication reports the IBA results on 81 glass items discovered at <em>Sarmizegetusa Regia</em> (Grădiștea de Munte, Hunedoara County) and <em>Piroboridava</em> (Poiana, Galaţi County), Romania, dated to the 1st century CE. External beam PIXE-PIGE measurements with 3 MeV protons were performed at LABEC, INFN, Florence, Italy. The IBA data indicated strong similarities, in terms of chemical composition, with coeval Roman and Hellenistic finds, supporting two archaeological hypotheses: 1) raw glass was imported to Dacia from the Roman Empire and locally shaped into various finished products; and 2) glass vessels were also imported to the Dacian settlements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"559 ","pages":"Article 165593"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic data generation from a fine particulate matter PM2.5 experimental data seed and its use in PMF and APCA","authors":"Javier Flores-Aldape ,&nbsp;Francisca Aldape ,&nbsp;Javier Flores-Maldonado","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Synthetic databases produced using the Gaussian Copula Model, among others, represent a great aid to analysing experimental databases. Particularly, when the experimental databases have limited data density, synthetic databases can boost the data density without significantly altering the experimental data interpretation. In this work, experimental data of two years and 10 months of fine airborne particulate matter (PM 2.5), analysed by PIXE, ditto the total concentration and concentrations of 15 elements, were used as seed to feed the model and obtain synthetic data. An analytical study of both databases was conducted using Positive Matrix Factorisation (PMF) and Absolute Principal Component Analysis (APCA), which are the most common algorithms used by the community, some differences, acceptable limitations, and advantages are discussed in this document.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"559 ","pages":"Article 165599"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the nitrogen fluorescence yield under different environmental conditions in alpha radioactivity telemetry technique","authors":"Quanxiao Wang ,&nbsp;Wanlin Li ,&nbsp;Xinfeng Pei ,&nbsp;Binghua Song ,&nbsp;Junliang Chen ,&nbsp;Yiqiang Zhong ,&nbsp;Lianshun Li ,&nbsp;Jian Wang ,&nbsp;Tinggui Yang ,&nbsp;Shuyao Si ,&nbsp;Kaihong Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>α Decay in the nuclear fuel cycle poses significant hazards due to its strong ionizing capability, making effective detection essential. Conventional detection methods require time-consuming scanning or sampling, often unsuitable for extreme environments and increasing radiation risks. Alpha Radioactivity Telemetry Technology (ARTT), a non-contact α radiation detecting method via secondary nitrogen fluorescence detection, addresses the limitations of traditional methods and has gained significant attention in recent years. However, limited research on α-induced nitrogen fluorescence under varying conditions hampers environmental corrections and quantitative analysis, constraining applications of ARTT. This article examines the dependence of α-induced nitrogen fluorescence yield on energy, pressure, humidity, and nitrogen–oxygen ratio, presenting measurements for all major 2P system emission bands. The results indicate that (1) fluorescence yield remains unaffected by deposited energy or α-ray energy within 1.5–4 MeV, (2) yield dependence on pressure and humidity aligns with theoretical expectations, but deviates for nitrogen–oxygen ratios, and (3) temperature has minimal impact, with a 30 °C variation around 25 °C affecting fluorescence yield by less than 5 %. In contrast, at 1 atm pressure, the yield of air is several hundred times greater than at zero pressure. At 25 °C, the yield of dry air is 1.4 times that of air at 100 % RH. And the one of pure nitrogen is over ten times higher than the gas with 20 % nitrogen and 80 % oxygen. This work provides a data foundation for environmental corrections in ARTT applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"559 ","pages":"Article 165605"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of dislocation loops in chromium under single hydrogen and helium ion irradiation","authors":"Qining Zheng ,&nbsp;Mingju Chen ,&nbsp;Biao Chen ,&nbsp;Shuqin Wen ,&nbsp;Ce Zheng ,&nbsp;Shuiqing Liu ,&nbsp;Guanghai Bai ,&nbsp;Jinshan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dislocation loops, which are typical irradiation defects, can be influenced by hydrogen and helium produced by transmutation reactions. The evolution of dislocation loops in chromium (Cr) coatings under room temperature irradiation with single H⁺ and He⁺ is observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). At equivalent damage levels, the density of dislocation loops is higher under irradiation with He⁺ compared to that with H⁺. This indicates that helium promotes the nucleation of dislocation loops more effectively than hydrogen does, whereas hydrogen promotes the growth of dislocation loops more, resulting in larger loop sizes. Irradiation with both hydrogen and helium ions resulted in the formation of more a₀ 〈100〉 dislocation loops in Cr, comprising roughly half of the total observed loops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"559 ","pages":"Article 165602"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular dynamics investigation on crack-healing and tensile deformation mechanisms in zirconium under overlapping collision cascades","authors":"Wei Li ,&nbsp;Han Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiangguo Zeng ,&nbsp;Xing Yang ,&nbsp;Minghua Chi ,&nbsp;Yunpeng Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the interaction between the micro-crack and overlapping collision cascades in zirconium. A comprehensive analysis of the formation and recombination of irradiation defects was conducted to gain an atomic-level understanding of crack healing. Crack healing occurs when the thermal spike’s core covers the crack due to the recrystallization of atoms with high kinetic energy after the first collision cascade. We delved into the formation mechanism of vacancy dislocation loops in crack-healing Zr under overlapping collision cascades, which account for the combined effects of overlapping collision-induced vacancy collapse and recrystallization-induced vacancy migration. The uniaxial tensile deformation of crack-free and cracked Zr was extensively studied before and after irradiation. Strength enhancement was observed after crack healing, inhibiting pyramidal slipping and promoting the formation of nanotwins during the tensile process. The movement of nanotwin planes controls dislocation nucleation and movement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"559 ","pages":"Article 165608"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study on the interaction behavior between Cr/Cu precipitates and dislocations in Iron","authors":"Jin Wang,&nbsp;Yankun Dou,&nbsp;Lixia Jia,&nbsp;Jinli Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molecular statics (MS) simulation was applied to study the interaction between ½&lt;1 1 1&gt; screw or ½&lt;1 1 1&gt;{1 1 0} edge dislocation and pure Cr/Cu precipitates in a bcc Fe matrix. The results show that there is a repulsive interaction between Cr precipitates and both types of dislocations, but an attractive interaction for Cu precipitates. With Cr/Cu precipitates continuously approaching dislocations, edge dislocation can slip due to their interaction, screw dislocation appeared core delocalization and the emission of kink pair. In all process, Cr precipitates always maintain bcc structure, but Cu precipitates are observed to occur structure transformation. At last, the results reveal that for Cr precipitate, screw dislocations have a greater repulsive force than edge dislocations, while for Cu precipitate, edge dislocations have a greater pinning force than screw dislocations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"559 ","pages":"Article 165591"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of UC2, UC, UBC and UB2 target compositions on the release of fission products","authors":"Julien Guillot ,&nbsp;Brigitte Roussière ,&nbsp;Sandrine Tusseau-Nenez ,&nbsp;Isabelle Deloncle ,&nbsp;Martin Humenny ,&nbsp;Matthieu Lebois ,&nbsp;Jean-François Ledu ,&nbsp;Jérome Roques ,&nbsp;François Brisset","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The release properties of 4 targets (UC₂, UC, UBC, UB₂) were measured for 11 elements (Kr, Sr, Ru, Sn, Sb, Te, I, Cs, Ba, La, and Ce) using an off-line technique. The crystal packing fraction and the size of the studied element play a key role in the release process. However, physicochemical properties are also involved, notably melting and boiling points in vacuum and the minimal oxidation state. Principal component analysis was used to investigate the interrelationships between the physicochemical properties of fission products (from Fe to Dy) and the observed releases, thereby enabling predictions to be made about the release properties of the four crystallic configurations for elements that are inaccessible in off-line experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"559 ","pages":"Article 165600"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational simulation of primary damage in silicon carbide under ions irradiation","authors":"Jianyang Li ,&nbsp;Yitao Yang ,&nbsp;Tieshan Wang ,&nbsp;Chonghong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silicon carbide (SiC) and its composites are promising structural materials for advanced nuclear energy applications. Due to the lack of advanced nuclear energy devices, ion beam irradiation is widely used to emulate reactor neutron irradiation. At the same time, different types of ion beam irradiation could produce different primary knock-on atom (PKA) energy spectra. PKA energy determines cascade damage sizes and defect clustering distributions, which may influence the irradiated materials’ long-term microstructural evolution and mechanical properties. This work used SRIM and Geant4 software to investigate the PKA characteristic produced by 1 MeV different noble gas ions and neutrons in the silicon carbide. The PKA energy spectra and weighted energy spectra of C and Si are calculated, respectively. The simulation results show that the PKA energy spectra calculated by the two kinds of software have obvious differences, but the weighted average PKA energies are close to each other. Simulation results verified that the weighted average PKA energy of Kr and Xe ion irradiation is close to that weighted average PKA energy spectrum for neutron irradiation of advanced reactors. The simulation results provide scientific references for understanding the difference in irradiation effects of different types of ions and also provide fundamental bases for the simulation of primary defect damage and long-term defect evolution in irradiated SiC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"559 ","pages":"Article 165597"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}