Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment最新文献

{"title":"Wide frequency tunable Terahertz vortex radiation with adjustable topological charge numbers","authors":"Yin Kang ,&nbsp;Zhikai Zhou ,&nbsp;Yaozong Xiao ,&nbsp;Yixuan Liu ,&nbsp;Weijie Fan ,&nbsp;Kaiqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Chao Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terahertz (THz) vortex, which carries an orbital angular momentum, is increasingly significant for many scientific frontiers. However, the generation of THz vortex with both tunable frequency and tunable topological charge number is still a challenge for most existing methods. Recently, a narrowband THz vortex generation by vortex laser-beam interaction has been proposed to obtain THz vortex radiation (Zhang et al., IEEE Photonics Journal 14.1 (2022): 1–8). In this paper, a method to produce THz vortex with both tunable frequency at wide range and tunable topological charge number is introduced by combining the mentioned vortex laser-beam interaction and linear energy chirp compression technique, and detailed analyses are also presented. The 3D numerical simulation results show that the method can generate THz vortex with pulse energy of several <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>J</mi></mrow></math></span> and tunable frequency by undulator radiation, while the transverse mode purity deteriorates with increase of topological charge number due to the diffraction effects. The coherent transition radiation (CTR) can produce THz vortex radiation with different topological charge numbers and relatively lower pulse energy, while preserving the transverse mode purity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1083 ","pages":"Article 171089"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ionization quenching factors and W-values of low-energy H2+ and He+ ions in Ar gas at low pressure measured with a bulk resistive MICROMEGAS","authors":"A. Foresi ,&nbsp;G. Antonelli ,&nbsp;C. Avanzini ,&nbsp;G. Balestri ,&nbsp;G. Bigongiari ,&nbsp;E. Bossini ,&nbsp;M.G. Callaini ,&nbsp;R. Carosi ,&nbsp;E. De Angelis ,&nbsp;F. Frasconi ,&nbsp;P. Maestro ,&nbsp;F. Morsani ,&nbsp;A. Mura ,&nbsp;L. Orsini ,&nbsp;G. Petragnani ,&nbsp;F. Pilo ,&nbsp;R. Rispoli ,&nbsp;G. Terreni","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ionization quenching factor, the fraction of an ion’s initial kinetic energy lost through ionization in a medium, was measured for H<span><math><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span> and He<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> ions within the 2.5–5 keV energy range in an Ar/CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> gas mixture at pressures between 75 and 150 mbar. The mixture was contained in the active volume of a MICROMEGAS type Micro Pattern Gaseous Detector (MPGD), which was connected to an ion source via a high vacuum system. The results showed a significant decrease in ionization as the ion energy decreased, although no dependence on gas pressure was observed within the low pressure range studied. Additionally, significant deviations from the predictions of SRIM (Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter) simulations were found. These measurements also allowed the first determination of <span><math><mi>W</mi></math></span> values (the average energy required to create an electron–ion pair in the gas) for H<span><math><msubsup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span> and He<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> ions in Ar at this particular energy range, which had not been previously explored for these projectile–target combinations. These findings are essential for accurate ion energy reconstruction in low-pressure MPGDs, with particular relevance for space-based energetic neutral atom detection, as proposed by the Italian Space Agency’s SWEATERS project.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1082 ","pages":"Article 171066"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of the prototype Silicon Tracking System of the CBM experiment tested with heavy-ion beams at SIS18","authors":"A. Agarwal ,&nbsp;K. Agarwal ,&nbsp;Z. Ahammed ,&nbsp;N. Ahmad ,&nbsp;L.J. Ahrens ,&nbsp;M. Al-Turany ,&nbsp;N. Alam ,&nbsp;J. Andary ,&nbsp;A. Andronic ,&nbsp;H. Appelshäuser ,&nbsp;B. Arnoldi-Meadows ,&nbsp;B. Artur ,&nbsp;M.D. Azmi ,&nbsp;M. Bajdel ,&nbsp;M. Balzer ,&nbsp;A. Bandyopadhyay ,&nbsp;V.A. Bâsceanu ,&nbsp;J. Becker ,&nbsp;M. Becker ,&nbsp;A. Belousov ,&nbsp;P. Zumbruch","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) is a heavy-ion experiment designed to study nuclear matter at the highest baryonic density. For high-statistics measurements of rare probes, collision rates of up to 10 MHz are targeted. The experiment, therefore, requires fast and radiation-hard detectors, self-triggered detector front-ends, free-streaming readout architecture, and online event reconstruction.</div><div>The Silicon Tracking System (STS) is the main tracking detector of CBM, designed to reconstruct the trajectories of charged particles with efficiency larger than 95%, a relative momentum uncertainty better than 2% for particle momenta larger than 1 GeV/c inside a 1<!--> <!-->Tm magnetic field, and to identify complex decay topologies. It comprises 876 double-sided silicon strip modules arranged in 8 tracking stations.</div><div>A prototype of this detector, consisting of 12 modules arranged in three tracking stations, is installed in the mini-CBM demonstrator. This experimental setup is a small-scale precursor to the full CBM detector, composed of sub-units of all major CBM systems installed on the SIS18 beamline. In various beam campaigns taken between 2021 and 2024, heavy ion collisions at 1–2<!--> <!-->AGeV with an average collision rate of 500<!--> <!-->kHz have been recorded.</div><div>This allows for the evaluation of the operational performance of the STS detector, including signal-to-noise ratio, charge distribution, time and position resolution, hit reconstruction efficiency, and its potential for track and vertex reconstruction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1082 ","pages":"Article 171059"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Millikelvin-precision temperature sensing for advanced cryogenic detectors","authors":"M. Antonova ,&nbsp;J. Capó ,&nbsp;A. Cervera ,&nbsp;P. Fernández ,&nbsp;M.Á. García-Peris ,&nbsp;X. Pons","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precise temperature monitoring—to the level of a few millikelvin—is essential for the operation of large-scale cryostats requiring a recirculation system. In particular, the performance of Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers—such as those planned for the DUNE experiment—strongly relies on proper argon purification and mixing, which can be characterized by a sufficiently dense grid of high-precision temperature probes. In this article, we describe the key components of a novel temperature monitoring system developed for a prototype of the DUNE experiment. In particular, a new technique for the cross-calibration of Resistance Temperature Detectors in cryogenic liquids will be presented in detail. This calibration has enabled the validation and optimization of the system’s components, achieving an unprecedented relative precision better than 3 mK.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1082 ","pages":"Article 171062"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Luminescent lanthanides doped NaGdF4 nanoparticles–plastic nanocomposites for gamma ray scintillation","authors":"Bowen Sun,&nbsp;Isabelle Winardi,&nbsp;Stephane Miaule,&nbsp;Qibing Pei","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plastic gamma ray scintillators exhibit significant application potential in the fields of portal monitoring, medical imaging, and industrial screening. High loading of high-atomic number components enhances gamma photoelectric attenuation but often leads to a drastic decrease in light yield, which significantly restricts the detection sensitivity. In this work, core-shell structured luminescent NaGdF₄ nanoparticles doped with Tb (15 mol%) and Ce (10 mol%) as activators with particle sizes around 6–7 nm were developed. Plastic nanocomposites were fabricated by loading the nanoparticles together with 2-(4-tertbutylphenyl)-5-(4-biphenylyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 4-Bis(5-phenyl-2-oxazolyl)benzene, and 9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene in polyvinyltoluene matrix. The nanocomposites loaded with 20 % and 40 % of NaGdF₄:15 Tb@NaGdF₄ demonstrate gamma light yields of 8490 Photons/MeV and 7020 Photons/MeV, which are 8.5 % and 14.3 % higher than those of NaGdF₄-loaded counterparts. Meanwhile, gamma pulse spectroscopies of 20 wt% and 40 wt% nanoparticles-loaded nanocomposites show photopeaks with energy resolutions of 10–12 %, and the nanocomposites loaded with 40 % nanoparticles also maintain a fast decay time of ∼2 ns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1082 ","pages":"Article 171087"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-crystal diamond detector for flattening-filter-free and small-field dosimetry: Toward transparent beam imaging in clinical radiotherapy","authors":"Mengnan Zou ,&nbsp;Jen Bohon ,&nbsp;John Smedley ,&nbsp;Jinkoo Kim ,&nbsp;Zhigang Xu ,&nbsp;Samuel Ryu ,&nbsp;Erik M. Muller","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate dosimetry in small-field and flattening-filter-free (FFF) photon beams is essential for quality assurance in modern radiotherapy, but conventional detectors often face trade-offs in spatial resolution, stability, and response linearity. Diamond offers an attractive alternative due to its wide bandgap, tissue equivalence, and radiation hardness. In this work, we characterize high-purity single-crystal chemical vapor deposition (SC-CVD) diamond detectors under clinical 6 MV and 10 MV LINAC beams. We evaluate current–voltage behavior, dose linearity, temporal stability, and output factor performance in a water phantom. The detector exhibits excellent linearity across clinically relevant dose rates (Fowler exponent ≈ 0.997), submillimeter resolution, and &lt;0.1 % signal drift over 60 s. The device provides stable response and sub-millimeter resolution, supporting its use in small-field dosimetry. These results establish a quantitative baseline for high-purity diamond sensors in clinical dosimetry and support their integration into future transparent x-ray beam imagers with sub 50 μm spatial resolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1083 ","pages":"Article 171084"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eddy current effect in a booster ring of Korea-4GSR","authors":"Yumi Lee ,&nbsp;Seong Hee Park ,&nbsp;Ji-Gwang Hwang ,&nbsp;Jaehyun Kim ,&nbsp;Hyunchang Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since the field strength of magnets in a booster synchrotron changes during the energy ramping process, it induces the inevitable eddy currents in a metallic vacuum chamber. Specifically, the eddy currents induced by a dipole magnet lead to the formation of a relatively weak sextupole field component. Nevertheless, this field exerts noticeable effects as a result of the considerable physical length of the bending magnet. These sextupole components result in chromatic aberrations, indicating a momentum-dependent tune shift. The alteration in chromaticity can lead to a reduction of the dynamic aperture, potentially causing crucial beam loss. Therefore, it is necessary to assess its impact. This study evaluates the sextupole magnetic field component originating from eddy currents in a dipole magnet chamber, along with the associated chromaticity variations and beam dynamics, for the Korea-4GSR booster synchrotron.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1082 ","pages":"Article 171072"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HOM SiC loads for CLIC X-band structures: Design and measurements","authors":"Pablo Martinez-Reviriego,&nbsp;Paz Alonso-Arias,&nbsp;Nuria Catalan-Lasheras,&nbsp;Alexej Grudiev,&nbsp;Pedro Morales Sanchez,&nbsp;Ping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) main linac employs a waveguide-damped structure as its baseline design. To ensure beam dynamic stability, the transverse wakefield must be less than 3.4 V/pC/m/mm in 0.5 ns, corresponding with the position of the second bunch. This study focuses on optimizing high-order-mode (HOM) damping loads through new material measurements, achieving enhanced suppression of long-range transverse wakefields. The new damping load is 20% more compact than those in the previous CLIC structure design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1082 ","pages":"Article 171076"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Convergence study of wakefield simulations with GdfidL and ECHO3D","authors":"A. Khan,&nbsp;V. Smaluk","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interaction of charged particle beams with vacuum chamber components gives rise to electromagnetic wakefields, whose frequency-domain representation is known as beam coupling impedance. Geometric impedance arising from discontinuities and transitions in the vacuum chamber is the focus of this study. Minimizing this impedance is essential to mitigate adverse collective effects in modern storage rings operating with high-intensity particle beams. Accurate and reliable impedance simulations is a key factor of the vacuum chamber design. This paper presents the results of a convergence study of two widely used electromagnetic solvers, GdfidL and ECHO3D, applied to key vacuum-chamber components of the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) storage ring. Detailed comparisons are performed for several geometries, including flange absorbers, RF bellows, button-type beam position monitors, and an in-vacuum undulator (IVU). The results show notable differences in convergence and computational efficiency between the two codes. While GdfidL provides highly resolved results and serves as a common benchmark tool, ECHO3D yields consistent results with coarser meshes, significantly reducing simulation time and memory demands. Simulations with a full-geometry IVU model demonstrate that simplified taper-transition models can miss important impedance contributions. These findings provide practical guidelines for efficient and accurate impedance modeling to optimize design of vacuum chamber components for accelerators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1082 ","pages":"Article 171073"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145319692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the absolute single-photon detection efficiency of HRPPD","authors":"Yifan Jin,&nbsp;Alexander Kiselev,&nbsp;Sean Stoll","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pixelated High Rate Picosecond Photon Detectors (HRPPDs) by Incom Inc. are promising photosensors for use in Ring Imaging CHerenkov (RICH) detectors, where a high gain, sub-mm position resolution and sub-100ps timing resolution are required in a single photon mode. Quantum Efficiency (QE) has been measured for the first batch of EIC HRPPDs both by Incom and EIC research groups at Jefferson Lab and Brookhaven Lab, with peak values at <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>365 nm typically exceeding 30%. In this study, we present a first direct measurement of Photon Detection Efficiency being equal to (17.1 ± 0.1 [stat] <span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span> 0.3 [sys])% at 398.6 nm, for a pixel near the center of HRPPD, in a photoelectron pulse counting mode using a picosecond diode laser. HRPPD QE at the same spot and at the same wavelength was evaluated to be (24.4 ± 0.1 [stat] <span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span> 0.3 [sys])%, leading to a Collection Efficiency estimate of (70.3 ± 1.6)%, which is consistent with the expectations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1082 ","pages":"Article 171058"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}