NPJ Digital Medicine最新文献_第7页

Will AI become our Co-PI? AI会成为我们的Co-PI吗？

IF 15.2 1区医学

NPJ Digital Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-025-01859-w

Dillan Prasad, Aditya Khandeshi, Spencer Sartin, Rishi Jain, Nader Dahdaleh, Maciej Lesniak, Yuan Luo, Christopher Ahuja

引用次数: 0

Phenotypic screening and genetic insights for predicting major vascular-related diseases using retinal imaging 使用视网膜成像预测主要血管相关疾病的表型筛选和遗传见解

IF 15.2 1区医学

NPJ Digital Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-025-01850-5

Menglin Lu, Yiheng Mao, Hui Zhu, Yesheng Xu, Yu-Feng Yao, Fei Wu, Zhengxing Huang

{"title":"Phenotypic screening and genetic insights for predicting major vascular-related diseases using retinal imaging","authors":"Menglin Lu, Yiheng Mao, Hui Zhu, Yesheng Xu, Yu-Feng Yao, Fei Wu, Zhengxing Huang","doi":"10.1038/s41746-025-01850-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01850-5","url":null,"abstract":"Retinal photography is a valuable non-invasive tool for assessing vascular health, but genetic evidence linking retinal microcirculation to major vascular-related diseases (e.g., myocardial infarction [MI], stroke, and chronic kidney disease [CKD]) remains scarce. This study investigates their relationships from both phenotypic and genetic perspectives. Phenotypically, we developed a retinal imaging-based screening model to evaluate 10-year risk of these conditions, incorporating quantitative analyses to pinpoint specific vascular abnormalities. Genetically, we analyzed retinal image-derived traits to explore their genetic and causal relationships with vascular-related diseases. Internal validation with 25,840 UK Biobank participants and external temporal validation with 4558 participants confirmed the model’s superiority over traditional risk models. Mendelian randomization suggested causal relationships between retinal traits and stroke and MI, as well as the impact of CKD on retinal microcirculation. These findings reinforce the connection between retinal microcirculation and major vascular-related events, highlighting the potential of retinal imaging for early detection in clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":19349,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Digital Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical activity and diet just-in-time adaptive intervention to reduce blood pressure: a randomized controlled trial 体育活动和饮食及时的适应性干预降低血压：一项随机对照试验

IF 15.2 1区医学

NPJ Digital Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-025-01844-3

Michael P. Dorsch, Jessica R. Golbus, Rachel Stevens, Brad Trumpower, Tanima Basu, Evan Luff, Kimberly Warden, Michael Giacalone, Sarah Bailey, Gabriella V. Rubick, Sonali Mishra, Predrag Klasnja, Mark W. Newman, Lesli E. Skolarus, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu

{"title":"Physical activity and diet just-in-time adaptive intervention to reduce blood pressure: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Michael P. Dorsch, Jessica R. Golbus, Rachel Stevens, Brad Trumpower, Tanima Basu, Evan Luff, Kimberly Warden, Michael Giacalone, Sarah Bailey, Gabriella V. Rubick, Sonali Mishra, Predrag Klasnja, Mark W. Newman, Lesli E. Skolarus, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu","doi":"10.1038/s41746-025-01844-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01844-3","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile health interventions for behavioral change require large-scale studies to ensure their clinical benefits. We conducted a randomized controlled trial of patients with hypertension to assess the myBPmyLife application in promoting physical activity and lower-sodium foods to lower systolic blood pressure (SBP). 602 participants were randomly assigned to either a control group or an intervention group that received the myBPmyLife application. For the primary outcome, change in SBP over 6 months was −5.2 mmHg in the intervention and −5.7 mmHg in the control group (p = 0.76). For secondary outcomes, the intervention group increased their daily step count by 170 steps, while the control group decreased by 319 steps (p = 0.040). Sodium intake decreased by 1145 mg in the intervention and 860 mg in the control group (p = 0.002). The myBPmyLife application did not reduce SBP over 6 months in hypertension patients despite increasing step counts and lowering sodium intake. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT05154929, 12/2021","PeriodicalId":19349,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Digital Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

X-ray2CTPA: leveraging diffusion models to enhance pulmonary embolism classification x射线2ctpa：利用扩散模型增强肺栓塞分级

IF 15.2 1区医学

NPJ Digital Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-025-01857-y

Noa Cahan, Eyal Klang, Galit Aviram, Yiftach Barash, Eli Konen, Raja Giryes, Hayit Greenspan

{"title":"X-ray2CTPA: leveraging diffusion models to enhance pulmonary embolism classification","authors":"Noa Cahan, Eyal Klang, Galit Aviram, Yiftach Barash, Eli Konen, Raja Giryes, Hayit Greenspan","doi":"10.1038/s41746-025-01857-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01857-y","url":null,"abstract":"Chest X-rays or chest radiography (CXR), commonly used for medical diagnostics, typically enables limited imaging compared to computed tomography (CT) scans, which offer more detailed and accurate three-dimensional data, particularly contrast-enhanced scans like CT Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA). However, CT scans entail higher costs, greater radiation exposure, and are less accessible than CXRs. In this work, we explore cross-modal translation from a 2D low contrast-resolution X-ray input to a 3D high contrast and spatial-resolution CTPA scan. Driven by recent advances in generative AI, we introduce a novel diffusion-based approach to this task. We employ the synthesized 3D images in a classification framework and show improved AUC in a Pulmonary Embolism (PE) categorization task, using the initial CXR input. Furthermore, we evaluate the model’s performance using quantitative metrics, ensuring diagnostic relevance of the generated images. The proposed method is generalizable and capable of performing additional cross-modality translations in medical imaging. It may pave the way for more accessible and cost-effective advanced diagnostic tools. The code for this project is available: https://github.com/NoaCahan/X-ray2CTPA.","PeriodicalId":19349,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Digital Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diagnosing pathologic myopia by identifying morphologic patterns using ultra widefield images with deep learning 利用深度学习的超广角图像识别形态模式诊断病理性近视

IF 15.2 1区医学

NPJ Digital Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-025-01849-y

Yang Liu, Keming Zhao, Lihui Luo, Ziheng Zhang, Zhenghang Qian, Cenk Jiang, Zhicheng Du, Simin Deng, Chengming Yang, Duanpo Wu, Shuai Wang, Xingru Huang, Chenggang Yan, Yingting Zhu, Yehong Zhuo, Chunsheng Qu, Jiaqi Chen, Zhenqiang Huang, Chenying Lu, Minjiang Chen, Dongmei Yu, Jiantao Wang, Peiwu Qin, Jiansong Ji

{"title":"Diagnosing pathologic myopia by identifying morphologic patterns using ultra widefield images with deep learning","authors":"Yang Liu, Keming Zhao, Lihui Luo, Ziheng Zhang, Zhenghang Qian, Cenk Jiang, Zhicheng Du, Simin Deng, Chengming Yang, Duanpo Wu, Shuai Wang, Xingru Huang, Chenggang Yan, Yingting Zhu, Yehong Zhuo, Chunsheng Qu, Jiaqi Chen, Zhenqiang Huang, Chenying Lu, Minjiang Chen, Dongmei Yu, Jiantao Wang, Peiwu Qin, Jiansong Ji","doi":"10.1038/s41746-025-01849-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01849-y","url":null,"abstract":"Pathologic myopia is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness. While deep learning-based approaches aid in recognizing pathologic myopia using color fundus photography, they often rely on implicit patterns that lack clinical interpretability. This study aims to diagnose pathologic myopia by identifying clinically significant morphologic patterns, specifically posterior staphyloma and myopic maculopathy, by leveraging ultra-widefield (UWF) images that provide a broad retinal field of view. We curate a large-scale, multi-source UWF myopia dataset called PSMM and introduce RealMNet, an end-to-end lightweight framework designed to identify these challenging patterns. Benefiting from the fast pretraining distillation backbone, RealMNet comprises only 21 million parameters, which facilitates deployment for medical devices. Extensive experiments conducted across three different protocols demonstrate the robustness and generalizability of RealMNet. RealMNet achieves an F1 Score of 0.7970 (95% CI 0.7612–0.8328), mAP of 0.8497 (95% CI 0.8058–0.8937), and AUROC of 0.9745 (95% CI 0.9690–0.9801), showcasing promise in clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":19349,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Digital Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vision-language model for report generation and outcome prediction in CT pulmonary angiogram 用于CT肺血管造影报告生成和结果预测的视觉语言模型

IF 15.2 1区医学

NPJ Digital Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-025-01807-8

Zhusi Zhong, Yuli Wang, Jing Wu, Wen-Chi Hsu, Vin Somasundaram, Lulu Bi, Shreyas Kulkarni, Zhuoqi Ma, Scott Collins, Grayson Baird, Sun Ho Ahn, Xue Feng, Ihab Kamel, Cheng Ting Lin, Colin Greineder, Michael Atalay, Zhicheng Jiao, Harrison Bai

{"title":"Vision-language model for report generation and outcome prediction in CT pulmonary angiogram","authors":"Zhusi Zhong, Yuli Wang, Jing Wu, Wen-Chi Hsu, Vin Somasundaram, Lulu Bi, Shreyas Kulkarni, Zhuoqi Ma, Scott Collins, Grayson Baird, Sun Ho Ahn, Xue Feng, Ihab Kamel, Cheng Ting Lin, Colin Greineder, Michael Atalay, Zhicheng Jiao, Harrison Bai","doi":"10.1038/s41746-025-01807-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01807-8","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate and comprehensive interpretation of pulmonary embolism (PE) from Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) scans remains a clinical challenge due to the limited specificity and structure of existing AI tools. We propose an agent-based framework that integrates Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for detecting 32 PE-related abnormalities and Large Language Models (LLMs) for structured report generation. Trained on over 69,000 CTPA studies from 24,890 patients across Brown University Health (BUH), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), and the INSPECT dataset from Stanford, the model demonstrates strong performance in abnormality classification and report generation. For abnormality classification, it achieved AUROC scores of 0.788 (BUH), 0.754 (INSPECT), and 0.710 (JHU), with corresponding BERT-F1 scores of 0.891, 0.829, and 0.842. The abnormality-guided reporting strategy consistently outperformed the organ-based and holistic captioning baselines. For survival prediction, a multimodal fusion model that incorporates imaging, clinical variables, diagnostic outputs, and generated reports achieved concordance indices of 0.863 (BUH) and 0.731 (JHU), outperforming traditional PESI scores. This framework provides a clinically meaningful and interpretable solution for end-to-end PE diagnosis, structured reporting, and outcome prediction.","PeriodicalId":19349,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Digital Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing AI solutions for population health in primary care 优化初级保健人群健康的人工智能解决方案

IF 15.2 1区医学

NPJ Digital Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-025-01864-z

Sanjay Basu, Pablo Bermudez-Canete, Tannen Christopher Hall, Pranav Rajpurkar

引用次数: 0

A systematic review on patient and public attitudes toward health monitoring technologies across countries 对各国患者和公众对健康监测技术态度的系统审查

IF 15.2 1区医学

NPJ Digital Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-025-01762-4

Tiantian Chen, Ekaterina Hertog, Adam Mahdi, Samantha Vanderslott

{"title":"A systematic review on patient and public attitudes toward health monitoring technologies across countries","authors":"Tiantian Chen, Ekaterina Hertog, Adam Mahdi, Samantha Vanderslott","doi":"10.1038/s41746-025-01762-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01762-4","url":null,"abstract":"The market for digital health monitoring is expanding rapidly, with technologies that track health information and provide access to medical data promising benefits for users, particularly in areas with limited healthcare resources. To understand user attitudes toward these technologies, we conducted a systematic review of literature with primary data about patient and public perspectives. We synthesized 562 studies (2000–2023) from PubMed, Embase, ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, and Scopus, including qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods research. We revealed a significant geographic bias, with most research concentrated in few countries, and identified access gaps in both Global South and Global North. While users generally showed positive attitudes toward health monitoring technologies, they expressed various concerns. We provide suggestions for future research to enhance the socially responsible integration of technology in healthcare. One important limitation of our approach is using English-language search terms. This potentially excluded relevant studies from underrepresented countries.","PeriodicalId":19349,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Digital Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A randomized controlled trial to evaluate innovative decision support in the context of fall prevention 一项评估跌倒预防背景下创新决策支持的随机对照试验

IF 15.2 1区医学

NPJ Digital Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-025-01822-9

L. Westerbeek, A. J. Linn, H. C. van Weert, N. van der Velde, S. Medlock, A. Abu-Hanna, J. C. M. van Weert

{"title":"A randomized controlled trial to evaluate innovative decision support in the context of fall prevention","authors":"L. Westerbeek, A. J. Linn, H. C. van Weert, N. van der Velde, S. Medlock, A. Abu-Hanna, J. C. M. van Weert","doi":"10.1038/s41746-025-01822-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01822-9","url":null,"abstract":"Falls are a major cause of injuries among older people, with medication being a key risk factor. The SNOWDROP intervention introduces a clinical decision support system for general practitioners (GPs) offering personalized deprescribing advice, and a patient portal containing information and a question prompt list. This study evaluates the intervention’s effectiveness through a cluster randomized controlled trial in six general practices, with 84 patients (Mage = 78.01, SDage = 5.71). Patients discussed their medication-related fall risk with their GP. Data were collected via questionnaires and audio-recorded consultations. The intervention increased shared decision-making for both GPs (p < 0.001) and patients (p < 0.001), increased patients’ satisfaction with communication (p = 0.001), and reduced patients’ decisional conflict (p < 0.001). Patients’ beliefs about medication (necessity and concerns) remained stable. The effect on changes to the medication was inconclusive. These results highlight the potential of technology in healthcare and warrant future research.","PeriodicalId":19349,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Digital Medicine","volume":"149 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A perspective for adapting generalist AI to specialized medical AI applications and their challenges 将通才AI应用于专业医疗AI应用及其挑战的视角

IF 15.2 1区医学

NPJ Digital Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-025-01789-7

Zifeng Wang, Hanyin Wang, Benjamin Danek, Ying Li, Christina Mack, Luk Arbuckle, Devyani Biswal, Hoifung Poon, Yajuan Wang, Pranav Rajpurkar, Cao Xiao, Jimeng Sun

引用次数: 0