NPJ Vaccines最新文献_第9页

Superior protection against tuberculosis using heterologous mRNA nanoadjuvant vaccines. 异源mRNA纳米佐剂疫苗对结核病的卓越保护作用。

IF 7.2 1区医学

NPJ Vaccines Pub Date : 2026-05-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-026-01476-y

Bubacarr J B Touray, Alieu K Faburay, Fakry F Mohamed, Sherein S Abdelgayed, Adel M Talaat

{"title":"Superior protection against tuberculosis using heterologous mRNA nanoadjuvant vaccines.","authors":"Bubacarr J B Touray, Alieu K Faburay, Fakry F Mohamed, Sherein S Abdelgayed, Adel M Talaat","doi":"10.1038/s41541-026-01476-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41541-026-01476-y","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health threat, underscoring the need for vaccines that surpass BCG efficacy. We developed QTAP-R, a novel mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccine encoding Ag85B, Hsp70, and ESAT-6, to enhance immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. QTAP efficiently encapsulated and delivered mRNA with high transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity. In C57BL/6 mice, QTAP-R induced strong antigen-specific IgG and T-cell responses, including elevated CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ activation and increased polyfunctional cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-17A). When combined with BCG (BCG + QTAP-R), the vaccine elicited enhanced immune memory, reduced bacterial burden in lungs and spleen, and minimized lung pathology following M. tuberculosis challenge. Subcutaneous QTAP-R (QTAP-SQ) provided partial protection under high-dose challenge, outperforming intranasal delivery. Transcriptomic profiling revealed upregulation of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-12) and chemokines (CCL3, CCL4, CXCL9, CXCL10), indicating enhanced immune recruitment and activation. CD4⁺ T-cell depletion abolished protection, confirming their critical role in QTAP-R-mediated immunity. Overall, QTAP-R demonstrates potent immunogenicity and synergistic efficacy with BCG, positioning it as a promising mRNA-based TB vaccine candidate.","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13342548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147818501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quillaja saponaria fraction QS-18 as an adjuvant for liposomal seasonal influenza vaccines. 黄芪提取物QS-18作为季节性流感脂质体疫苗佐剂的研究。

IF 7.2 1区医学

NPJ Vaccines Pub Date : 2026-04-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-026-01457-1

Qinzhe Li, Zachary Sia, Yuan Luo, Wei-Chiao Huang, Hilliard L Kutscher, Haojun Zhu, Joaquin Ortega, Bruce A Davidson, Jonathan F Lovell

{"title":"Quillaja saponaria fraction QS-18 as an adjuvant for liposomal seasonal influenza vaccines.","authors":"Qinzhe Li, Zachary Sia, Yuan Luo, Wei-Chiao Huang, Hilliard L Kutscher, Haojun Zhu, Joaquin Ortega, Bruce A Davidson, Jonathan F Lovell","doi":"10.1038/s41541-026-01457-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41541-026-01457-1","url":null,"abstract":"Saponin fractions from Quillaja saponaria (QS) are promising vaccine adjuvants. Among these, QS-21 is a component in several FDA-approved vaccines, but its limited quantity may present a manufacturing bottleneck. While the related saponin, QS-18, is one of the most abundant fractions, its putative toxicity has historically hindered its clinical development. In this study, we formulated QS-18 into a seasonal influenza virus liposomal nanoparticle protein vaccine comprising contemporary, recombinant hemagglutinin and neuraminidase antigens from influenza A (H1N1), influenza A (H3N2), and influenza B (Victoria lineage). This formulation did not exhibit overt QS-18 toxicity in mice or rabbits. In mice and ferrets, QS-18 adjuvanted particles elicited efficacious antibody responses and provided protection against influenza challenges, comparable to analogous QS-21 adjuvanted liposomes. These findings suggest that more study of QS-18 or QS-18-containing QS fractions is warranted for infectious disease vaccine adjuvant formulations.","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13328653/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147777421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HER-2 therapeutic vaccine is not hampered by concurrent HER-2 monoclonal antibody. HER-2治疗性疫苗不受并发HER-2单克隆抗体的阻碍。

IF 7.2 1区医学

NPJ Vaccines Pub Date : 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-026-01462-4

Maria Sofia Semprini, Chiara Cappello, Laura Scalambra, Olga Maria Pittino, Stefania Angelicola, Patrizia Nanni, Pier-Luigi Lollini, Francesca Ruzzi

{"title":"HER-2 therapeutic vaccine is not hampered by concurrent HER-2 monoclonal antibody.","authors":"Maria Sofia Semprini, Chiara Cappello, Laura Scalambra, Olga Maria Pittino, Stefania Angelicola, Patrizia Nanni, Pier-Luigi Lollini, Francesca Ruzzi","doi":"10.1038/s41541-026-01462-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41541-026-01462-4","url":null,"abstract":"ES2B-C001 represents a new generation of vaccines based on virus-like particles (VLP) that display the full extracellular domain of HER-2 and has now entered clinical development. ES2B-C001 elicited strong anti-HER-2 antibody responses that cured human HER-2 transgenic tumors and metastases in mice. Early vaccine trials may include patients who are still receiving anti-HER-2 monoclonal antibody (MAb) therapy, a clinical scenario that has not typically been addressed in preclinical studies. To evaluate whether the concurrent administration of 4D5 anti-HER-2 MAb affects the immunogenicity or the therapeutic efficacy of ES2B-C001, we administered concurrent treatments to tumor-free or to human HER-2 transgenic mammary carcinoma-bearing mice. In tumor-free mice, 4D5 treatment did not hamper either ES2B-C001 activity, which induced a strong anti-HER-2 IgG production, or T cell responses. In tumor-bearing mice, the therapeutic efficacy of ES2B-C001 was not compromised by 4D5, resulting in 13/20 long-term tumor-free mice with ES2B-C001 alone, versus 15/20 with the combined treatment. ES2B-C001 elicited robust HER-2-specific antibody responses, reaching concentrations in the milligram/mL range and persisting for >6 months post-treatments, regardless of prior 4D5 administration. These findings indicate that co-administration of an anti-HER-2 MAb does not impair the efficacy of ES2B-C001, supporting the feasibility of vaccinating patients undergoing trastuzumab therapy.","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13324699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147777409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protective immunity against malaria by a nanoparticle CIS43-based junctional vaccine alone or in combination with R21. 基于cis43的纳米颗粒连接疫苗单独或与R21联合对疟疾的保护性免疫。

IF 7.2 1区医学

NPJ Vaccines Pub Date : 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-026-01455-3

Prabhanshu Tripathi, Ja-Hyun Koo, Xuejun Chen, Lais Da Silva Pereira, Marlon Dillon, Baoshan Zhang, Mariah Lofgren, Katelyn T Nguyen, I-Ting Teng, Brian Bonilla, Sarah Kerscher, Wing-Pui Kong, Amy R Henry, Tyler Stephens, Yaroslav Tsybovsky, Stephanie R Weldon, Daniel C Douek, Theodore C Pierson, Facundo D Batista, Azza H Idris, Robert A Seder, Peter D Kwong, Tongqing Zhou

{"title":"Protective immunity against malaria by a nanoparticle CIS43-based junctional vaccine alone or in combination with R21.","authors":"Prabhanshu Tripathi, Ja-Hyun Koo, Xuejun Chen, Lais Da Silva Pereira, Marlon Dillon, Baoshan Zhang, Mariah Lofgren, Katelyn T Nguyen, I-Ting Teng, Brian Bonilla, Sarah Kerscher, Wing-Pui Kong, Amy R Henry, Tyler Stephens, Yaroslav Tsybovsky, Stephanie R Weldon, Daniel C Douek, Theodore C Pierson, Facundo D Batista, Azza H Idris, Robert A Seder, Peter D Kwong, Tongqing Zhou","doi":"10.1038/s41541-026-01455-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41541-026-01455-3","url":null,"abstract":"Repetitive display of the major repeats of the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP) is the basis for two WHO-recommended vaccines: RTS,S/AS01 and R21/Matrix-M. Recently, however, the CIS43 monoclonal antibody that preferentially targets the junctional region of PfCSP has been shown to be highly protective in humans, highlighting its junctional epitope as a key vaccine target. Here, we develop a vaccine based on tandem repeats of the junctional epitope displayed on a self-assembling nanoparticle and compare this CIS43-based junctional vaccine alone or in combination with the benchmark R21 vaccine, using both B cell analysis and monoclonal antibody isolation to define targeting of the immune response. Comparable reduction in liver burden was observed following vaccination with the best junctional vaccine and R21 at a dose of 1 μg. At a dose of 0.25 μg, a modest reduction of malaria liver burden with the junctional vaccine was observed compared to R21. Further, combining the junctional and R21 vaccines did not yield substantial improvement, although a modest trend was observed. While the R21 vaccine elicited antibodies primarily against the major repeats, the junctional vaccine elicited antibodies against both junctional and major repeat regions. In vivo B cell analysis and isolation of monoclonal antibodies confirmed differences in vaccine-induced antibody specificities. Altogether, these data suggest the nanoparticle-formatted tandem-repeated CIS43-junctional vaccine to be a promising approach to broaden immunity against malaria, either as a standalone intervention or in combination with R21.","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13324253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147777398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preclinical efficacy of dendritic cells loaded with newly identified HPV11 E6-derived CD8⁺ T cell epitopes. 树突状细胞装载新鉴定的HPV11 e6来源的CD8+ T细胞表位的临床前疗效。

IF 7.2 1区医学

NPJ Vaccines Pub Date : 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-026-01466-0

Laurie Baert, Chao Gu, Agnes Yang, HyeMee Joo, Richard Kennedy, Kieth Knutson, David G Lott, SangKon Oh

{"title":"Preclinical efficacy of dendritic cells loaded with newly identified HPV11 E6-derived CD8+ T cell epitopes.","authors":"Laurie Baert, Chao Gu, Agnes Yang, HyeMee Joo, Richard Kennedy, Kieth Knutson, David G Lott, SangKon Oh","doi":"10.1038/s41541-026-01466-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41541-026-01466-0","url":null,"abstract":"Although the low-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs), including HPV11, are mainly associated with low-grade lesions, they are also implicated in otolaryngologic malignancies and lung carcinomas. Nonetheless, T cell responses to the low-risk HPVs remain poorly understood. This study investigated HPV11 E6/7-specific T cell responses in C57BL/6 mice challenged with TC-1 tumor cells expressing HPV11 E6/7 proteins (TC-1.HPV11 E6/7). We identified two major CD8+ T cell epitopes, HPV11 E641-55 (AEIYAYAYKNLKVVW, p11) and E685-99 (YAPTVEEETNEDILK, p22). We next demonstrated that IFNα-matured bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) loaded with peptides p11 or p22 induced p11- and p22-specific CD8+ T cell responses, respectively. Furthermore, the administration of p11- or p22-loaded BMDCs matured with IFNα or BMDCs generated in the presence of p38 inhibitor/IL-15 and matured with TNFα, IL-1β, and prostaglandin E2, suppressed TC-1.HPV11.E6/7 tumor progression with increased infiltrations of p11- and p22-specific IFNγ+, TNFα+, and granzyme B+ CD8+ T cells in the tumors. In addition, BMDCs loaded with both peptide epitopes, p11 and p22, were more effective than BMDCs loaded with single epitopes in the suppression of TC-1.HPV11 E6/7 tumor progression. Data from this study will help with the rational design of therapeutic strategies for the diseases associated with HPV11 infection.","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13324742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147777411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influenza mRNA vaccine with engineered panhandle-forming UTRs provides potent, dose-sparing protection against seasonal influenza viruses. 具有工程化的长柄状utr的流感mRNA疫苗提供了有效的、剂量节约的季节性流感病毒保护。

IF 7.2 1区医学

NPJ Vaccines Pub Date : 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-026-01463-3

Yifan Xu, Xuehua Wan, Mingzhuo Chen, Benchi Li, Qian Weng, Qin Wang, Zhiliang Hu, Yongxiang Yi, Junwei Li

{"title":"Influenza mRNA vaccine with engineered panhandle-forming UTRs provides potent, dose-sparing protection against seasonal influenza viruses.","authors":"Yifan Xu, Xuehua Wan, Mingzhuo Chen, Benchi Li, Qian Weng, Qin Wang, Zhiliang Hu, Yongxiang Yi, Junwei Li","doi":"10.1038/s41541-026-01463-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41541-026-01463-3","url":null,"abstract":"Influenza viruses pose a persistent threat to global public health, causing widespread respiratory illness and significant morbidity. Vaccination remains the most effective strategy to reduce the burden of both seasonal and pandemic influenza. mRNA vaccines represent a promising alternative to conventional vaccine platforms due to their rapid development, flexibility, and high efficacy. Nonetheless, optimizing non-coding regulatory elements such as untranslated regions (UTRs) remains crucial for enhancing mRNA vaccine performance. In this study, we designed a novel UTR derived from the influenza A virus M segment, engineered to form optimal panhandle structures through selective base-pair enhancing mutations (M1 + 2), aiming to improve mRNA translation efficiency and immunogenicity. Using both reporter and HA antigen-encoding mRNAs, we demonstrated that the M1 + 2 UTR significantly enhanced protein expression in vitro and in vivo compared to unmodified UTRs and the canonical α-globin UTR control. In a murine model, low-dose (0.1 μg) vaccination with HA mRNA-lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) incorporating the M1 + 2 UTR elicited robust innate, humoral, and T cell-mediated immune responses, and conferred complete protection against lethal challenge with seasonal influenza strains, including H1N1, H3N2, and IBV. Our findings underscore the potential of rational UTR design in developing more efficacious and dose-sparing mRNA vaccines.","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13323722/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147777425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An open repository of COVID-19 vaccine mandate studies with a worked scoping review of quasi-experimental evidence. 开放的COVID-19疫苗授权研究库，并对准实验证据进行工作范围审查。

IF 7.2 1区医学

NPJ Vaccines Pub Date : 2026-04-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-026-01454-4

Fabio I Martinenghi, Tanka Prashad Ojha, Amy Thomasson, Bianca Devsam, Shevaun Drislane, Sophie Vasiliadis, Chiara Berardi, Aregawi Gebremariam, Alessia Dipalma, Teresa Gavaruzzi, Jeremy K Ward, Francesco Paolucci, Margie Danchin, Mesfin Genie, Katie Attwell, Christopher C Blyth

{"title":"An open repository of COVID-19 vaccine mandate studies with a worked scoping review of quasi-experimental evidence.","authors":"Fabio I Martinenghi, Tanka Prashad Ojha, Amy Thomasson, Bianca Devsam, Shevaun Drislane, Sophie Vasiliadis, Chiara Berardi, Aregawi Gebremariam, Alessia Dipalma, Teresa Gavaruzzi, Jeremy K Ward, Francesco Paolucci, Margie Danchin, Mesfin Genie, Katie Attwell, Christopher C Blyth","doi":"10.1038/s41541-026-01454-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41541-026-01454-4","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccine mandates were widely implemented against COVID-19, and a large and multidisciplinary literature has emerged as a result, covering fields such as epidemiology, economics, ethics, and law. We compiled an openly available repository of this literature, including 503 studies on COVID-19 vaccine mandates. We identified them through a manual multi-database search and performed the data extraction using a large language model. The dataset stores information, for each study, on the scope and sanctions of the relevant mandate(s), the study design, target population, outcomes, and themes, allowing users to quickly navigate this complex literature. We use the dataset to present key statistical facts and insights about this literature, and we leave to other scholars the opportunity of interrogating it further. As a worked example, we conduct a narrative review of quasi-experimental studies on COVID-19 vaccine mandates. These consistently show short-run increases in first-dose uptake following mandate announcements, with limited evidence on long-run uptake and downstream social, health, and economic outcomes. We provide all data and code to support secondary analyses and future evidence syntheses.","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13319730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147777417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike reshapes antigenic hierarchy and antibody targeting against conserved and occluded epitopes. 预灌注稳定的SARS-CoV-2刺突重塑抗原等级和针对保守和封闭表位的抗体靶向。

IF 7.2 1区医学

NPJ Vaccines Pub Date : 2026-04-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-026-01464-2

Shintaro Oishi, Ryutaro Kotaki, Hisham M Dokainish, Saya Moriyama, Shinichiro Ota, Takayuki Matsumura, Tomohiro Takano, Taishi Onodera, Yu Adachi, Kazutaka Terahara, Masanori Isogawa, Kazuhiko Katayama, Takashi Sato, Masaharu Shinkai, Yoshimasa Takahashi

{"title":"Prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike reshapes antigenic hierarchy and antibody targeting against conserved and occluded epitopes.","authors":"Shintaro Oishi, Ryutaro Kotaki, Hisham M Dokainish, Saya Moriyama, Shinichiro Ota, Takayuki Matsumura, Tomohiro Takano, Taishi Onodera, Yu Adachi, Kazutaka Terahara, Masanori Isogawa, Kazuhiko Katayama, Takashi Sato, Masaharu Shinkai, Yoshimasa Takahashi","doi":"10.1038/s41541-026-01464-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41541-026-01464-2","url":null,"abstract":"Receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike contains multiple classes of antibody epitopes that are associated with diverse neutralizing activities. Although both natural infection and vaccination robustly elicit RBD-reactive and neutralizing antibodies, the spike antigenic structures presented to the immune system may differ, leading to qualitative differences in the antibody responses. Using large and well-controlled cohorts, we show that the neutralizing potency index (NPI), calculated as the ratio of neutralizing titer to RBD IgG titer, is approximately fivefold lower in vaccine recipients than in convalescent individuals, independent of disease severity, comorbidities, or demographic factors. This reduction in NPI is associated with enhanced antibody targeting to non-neutralizing, yet conserved and structurally occluded RBD epitope. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations together with the binding assay demonstrate that the occluded epitope is allosterically exposed by stabilizing mutations introduced into the vaccine spike antigen, a process mediated by a highly extended RBD-up conformation. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that RBD conformational modulation by stabilizing mutations shapes vaccine antigenicity and likely alters the epitope landscape of antibody responses.","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13324858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147777444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adjuvant-induced macrophage activation compromises BA71ΔCD2-mediated protection against African swine fever virus. 佐剂诱导的巨噬细胞激活损害BA71ΔCD2-mediated对非洲猪瘟病毒的保护。

IF 7.2 1区医学

NPJ Vaccines Pub Date : 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-026-01461-5

Aida Tort-Miró, Sergio Montaner-Tarbes, David Marín-Moraleda, Jordana Muñoz-Basagoiti, Yan Zeng, María Jesús Navas, Marta Muñoz, Paula Monleon, Judith González-Oliver, Beatriz Martín-Mur, Marc Caballé, Margalida Artigues, Anna Esteve-Codina, Virginia Aragon, Enric Vidal, Àlex Cobos, Francesc Accensi, Sonia Pina-Pedrero, Elena Garcia-Fruitós, Fernando Rodríguez, Jordi Argilaguet

{"title":"Adjuvant-induced macrophage activation compromises BA71ΔCD2-mediated protection against African swine fever virus.","authors":"Aida Tort-Miró, Sergio Montaner-Tarbes, David Marín-Moraleda, Jordana Muñoz-Basagoiti, Yan Zeng, María Jesús Navas, Marta Muñoz, Paula Monleon, Judith González-Oliver, Beatriz Martín-Mur, Marc Caballé, Margalida Artigues, Anna Esteve-Codina, Virginia Aragon, Enric Vidal, Àlex Cobos, Francesc Accensi, Sonia Pina-Pedrero, Elena Garcia-Fruitós, Fernando Rodríguez, Jordi Argilaguet","doi":"10.1038/s41541-026-01461-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41541-026-01461-5","url":null,"abstract":"While effective subunit vaccines against African swine fever (ASF) are still under development, live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) remain the only approach capable of inducing robust protective immunity, though biosafety concerns limit their field use. Thus, further research is required to improve LAV safety while maintaining its immunogenicity. Because both the ASF virus (ASFV) and derived LAVs suppress macrophage innate responses, we hypothesized that adjuvants could restore functionality of LAV-infected cells, allowing dose reduction and consequently minimizing the risk of adverse events. To test this, we intranasally vaccinated pigs with a suboptimal dose of the LAV BA71ΔCD2, either alone or combined with two immunostimulatory adjuvants derived from Rothia nasimurium. Both immunostimulants enhanced the in vitro responsiveness of BA71ΔCD2-infected macrophages, which acquired antigen-presenting features. However, in vivo, both adjuvants lowered humoral and cellular responses induced by BA71ΔCD2, consequently decreasing protection against lethal challenge. Further in vitro analyses demonstrated that adjuvant-activated macrophages acquired an antiviral state, limiting LAV replication. These results suggest the hypothesis that reduced vaccine efficacy might result from insufficient antigen production. Overall, the study indicates that combining adjuvants with ASFV-based LAVs would require a fine-tune macrophage activation to enhance functionality without excessively inhibiting viral replication.","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147777362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: Immunisation of koalas against Chlamydia pecorum results in significant protection against chlamydial disease and mortality. 作者更正：对考拉进行pecorum衣原体免疫接种可显著预防衣原体疾病和死亡率。

IF 7.2 1区医学

NPJ Vaccines Pub Date : 2026-04-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-026-01419-7

Samuel Phillips, Jon Hanger, Julien Grosmaire, Ahmed Mehdi, Martina Jelocnik, Jessie Wong, Peter Timms

引用次数: 0