NPJ Vaccines最新文献

{"title":"Author Correction: Immunogenic recombinant Mayaro virus-like particles present natively assembled glycoprotein.","authors":"Young Chan Kim, Yasunori Watanabe, Arlen-Celina Lücke, Xiyong Song, Raquel de Oliveira Souza, Robert Stass, Sasha R Azar, Shannan L Rossi, Carla Claser, Beate Mareike Kümmerer, Max Crispin, Thomas A Bowden, Juha T Huiskonen, Arturo Reyes-Sandoval","doi":"10.1038/s41541-025-01122-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01122-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":"10 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions to increase the uptake of vaccines recommended during pregnancy.","authors":"Annette K Regan, Honorine Uwimana, Stacey L Rowe, Elizabeth Jitka Olsanska, Brianna Agnew, Eliana Castillo, Alice Fiddian-Green, Michelle L Giles","doi":"10.1038/s41541-025-01120-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01120-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although immunization during pregnancy can protect mothers and their infants from vaccine-preventable morbidity and mortality, vaccination rates are often poor. We systematically reviewed the literature from inception to July 4, 2023, for randomized and non-randomized quasi-experimental studies estimating the effects of interventions to increase vaccination during pregnancy. Of 9331 studies screened, 36 met inclusion criteria, including 18 demand-side interventions, 11 supply-side interventions, and seven multi-level (demand and supply-side) interventions. Demand-side interventions commonly addressed patient education, showing modest improvement (pooled RR 1.18; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.33; I² = 63.1%, low certainty). Supply-side interventions commonly implemented Assessment-Feedback-Incentive-eXchange interventions with little improvement (pooled RR 1.13; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.33; I² = 94.0%, low certainty). Multi-level interventions were modestly effective in increasing vaccination (pooled RR 1.62; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.42; I² = 97%, very low certainty). Interventions identified in the literature mostly resulted in low to moderate increases in vaccination with likely high heterogeneity and low to very low certainty in the findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":"10 1","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bivalent mRNA booster vaccination recalls cellular and antibody immunity against antigenically divergent SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens.","authors":"Mai-Chi Trieu, Arnold Reynaldi, Wen Shi Lee, Hyon-Xhi Tan, Andrew Kelly, Robyn Esterbauer, Rebecca J Cox, Jennifer Audsley, Joseph Sasadeusz, David S Khoury, Miles P Davenport, Deborah Cromer, Adam K Wheatley, Stephen J Kent, Jennifer A Juno","doi":"10.1038/s41541-025-01129-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01129-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ongoing rollout of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines lags behind rapid viral evolution. Updated vaccine immunogens elicit neutralising antibodies against the component strain. However, protection against future SARS-CoV-2 variants is unclear. Here, we sought to understand factors underpinning serological breadth following bivalent BA.1 vaccination. Booster vaccination of 33 individuals elicited robust and durable antibody responses against component vaccine antigens and elevated frequencies of spike-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells. Immunisation predominantly drove recall of cross-reactive memory B cells which also recognised XBB.1.5 spike, with significantly enhanced neutralisation titres against XBB virus seen within 91% of participants. Multivariate regression indicated that both baseline neutralising titres and spike-specific CD4 T cell frequencies were strong predictors of ancestral, BA.1 and XBB neutralisation post-immunisation. These data highlight that updated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines recall cross-reactive memory that maintains recognition of antigenically evolved viral variants and suggests T cell help and prior antibody titres underpin robust vaccine-induced neutralising activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":"10 1","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intranasal spike and nucleoprotein fusion protein-based vaccine provides cross-protection and reduced transmission against SARS-CoV-2 variants.","authors":"Zineb Lakhrif, Agathe Poupée-Beaugé, Fanny Boursin, Céline Ducournau, Louis Lantier, Nathalie Moiré, Rodolphe Carpentier, Christelle Rossignol, Marianne Maquart, Fabienne Jospin, Laetitia Merat, Mireille Caul-Futy, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Amel Bouakane, Mickael Riou, Antoine Touzé, Jean-François Eléouët, Charles-Adrien Richard, François Helle, Sophie Le Poder, Bernard Klonjkowski, Nicolas Meunier, Stéphan Zientara, Stéphane Paul, Marie-Noëlle Mévélec, Nicolas Aubrey, Mathieu Epardaud, Isabelle Dimier-Poisson","doi":"10.1038/s41541-025-01123-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01123-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effectiveness of intramuscular vaccines aimed at preventing severe COVID-19 remains limited due to waning immunity and the emergence of novel variants. Next-generation vaccines are needed for broader protection and blocking virus transmission. Here, we rationally designed an original nasal subunit vaccine composed of a fusion protein (SwFN) made of Wuhan spike and nucleoprotein combined with biocompatible mucosal nanocarriers (Nc). In mouse model, the nasal Nc-SwFN vaccine elicited multivalent serum and mucosal neutralizing antibodies. Robust spike and nucleoprotein cross-reactive immunity against variants was induced with a predominant phenotype of resident memory T cells in the lungs. Moreover, Nc-SwFN led to protective responses against Wuhan and Delta infection in relevant models with an absence of morbidity, mortality, and virus dissemination in the lungs and brain. Finally, Nc-SwFN drastically reduced host-to-host transmission. These promising results underscore the advantages of the nasal Nc-SwFN approach as a broad-spectrum vaccine candidate against current and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":"10 1","pages":"75"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ionizable lipid nanoparticles of mRNA vaccines elicit NF-κB and IRF responses through toll-like receptor 4.","authors":"Amanda E Zelkoski, Zhongyan Lu, Gauthaman Sukumar, Clifton Dalgard, Hooda Said, Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh, Edward Mitre, Allison M W Malloy","doi":"10.1038/s41541-025-01124-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01124-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ionizable lipid nanoparticles (LNP) that have enabled the success of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have been shown to be immunostimulatory in the absence of mRNA. However, the mechanisms through which they activate innate immune cells is incompletely understood. Using a monocyte cell line, we compared the ability of three LNP formulations to activate transcription factors Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and Interferon Regulatory Factor (IRF). Comparison of signaling in knockout cell lines illustrated a role for Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 in initiation of this signaling cascade and the contribution of the ionizable lipid component. Activation induced by empty LNPs was similar to that induced by LNPs containing mRNA, indicating that LNPs may provide the majority of innate stimulation for the mRNA vaccine platform. Our findings demonstrate that ionizable lipids within LNPs signal through TLR4 to activate NF-κB and IRF, identifying a mechanism for innate activation that can be optimized for adjuvant design.</p>","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":"10 1","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emulsion adjuvant-induced uric acid release modulates optimal immunogenicity by targeting dendritic cells and B cells.","authors":"Sun Min Lee, Junghwa Lee, Dong-In Kim, Jonathan P Avila, Helder Nakaya, Kihyuck Kwak, Eui Ho Kim","doi":"10.1038/s41541-025-01130-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01130-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Squalene-based emulsion (SE) adjuvants like MF59 and AS03 are used in protein subunit vaccines against influenza virus (e.g., Fluad, Pandemrix, Arepanrix) and SARS-CoV-2 (e.g., Covifenz, SKYCovione). We demonstrate the critical role of uric acid (UA), a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), in triggering immunogenicity by SE adjuvants. In mice, SE adjuvants elevated DAMP levels in draining lymph nodes. Strikingly, inhibition of UA synthesis reduced vaccine-induced innate immunity, subsequently impairing optimal antibody and T cell responses. In vivo treatment with UA crystals elicited partial adjuvant effects. In vitro stimulation with UA crystals augmented the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and B cells and altered multiple pathways in these cells, including inflammation and antigen presentation in DCs and cell proliferation in B cells. In an influenza vaccine model, UA contributed to protection against influenza viral infection. These results demonstrate the importance of DAMPs, specifically the versatile role of UA in the immunogenicity of SE adjuvants, by regulating DCs and B cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":"10 1","pages":"72"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12003798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GMMA decorated with mucin 1 Tn/STn mimetics elicit specific antibodies response and inhibit tumor growth.","authors":"Elisa Pesce, Andrea Sodini, Elena Palmieri, Silvia Valensin, Cristina Tinti, Marco Rossi, Antonella De Rosa, Marco Fragai, Francesco Papi, Chiara Cordiglieri, Francesco Berti, Renata Grifantini, Francesca Micoli, Cristina Nativi","doi":"10.1038/s41541-025-01127-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01127-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbohydrate-based therapeutic vaccines are actively pursued as targeted immunotherapy to treat cancer. Aberrant glycosylation is indeed of paramount importance in tumors, leading to the formation of \"neo-epitopes\", known as tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), crucial in cancer onset, development and spread. Accordingly, the over-simplified mucin-type O-glycans Tn and STn have been confirmed among the most promising candidates for the development of cancer vaccines. In this work, we first propose genetically manipulated bacteria outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), namely GMMA, as a vaccine formulation platform to display glycan antigens. GMMA were glycosylated with multiple copies of structurally locked Tn mimetic or STn mimetic as cancer vaccine prototypes. These constructs, in non-adjuvanted formulations, showed sounding immunogenic properties in vivo and impressive efficacy in a mouse model of aggressive triple-negative breast cancer. This example of tailor-made therapeutic vaccine might revolutionize the approach to cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":"10 1","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12000591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk analysis for outpatient experimental infection as a pathway for affordable RSV vaccine development.","authors":"E Z Siegal, J M H Schoevers, J Terstappen, E M Delemarre, S L Johnston, L F van Beek, D Bogaert, C Chiu, D A Diavatopoulos, D M Ferreira, S B Gordon, F G Hayden, M I de Jonge, M B B McCall, H I McShane, A M Minassian, P J M Openshaw, A J Pollard, J Sattabongkot, R C Read, A Troelstra, M C Viveen, A Wilder-Smith, M van Wijk, L J Bont, N I Mazur","doi":"10.1038/s41541-025-01125-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01125-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Controlled human infection models (CHIMs) are an important tool for accelerating clinical development of vaccines. CHIM costs are driven by quarantine facilities but may be reduced by performing CHIM in the outpatient setting. Furthermore, outpatient CHIMs offer benefits beyond costs, such as a participant-friendly approach and increased real-world aspect. We analyze safety, logistic and ethical risks of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) CHIM in the outpatient setting. A review of the literature identified outpatient CHIMs involving respiratory pathogens. RSV transmission risk was assessed using data from our inpatient and outpatient RSV CHIMs (EudraCT 020-004137-21). Fifty-nine outpatient CHIMs using RSV, Streptococcus pneumoniae, rhinovirus, and an ongoing Bordetella Pertussis outpatient CHIM were included. One transmission event was recorded. In an inpatient RSV CHIM, standard droplet and isolation measures were sufficient to limit RSV transmission and no symptomatic third-party transmission was measured in the first outpatient RSV CHIM. Logistic and ethical advantages support outpatient CHIM adoption. We propose a framework for outpatient RSV CHIM with risk mitigation strategies to enhance affordable vaccine development.</p>","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":"10 1","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12000360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systems biology approach to define SARS-CoV-2 correlates of protection.","authors":"Caolann Brady, Tom Tipton, Oliver Carnell, Stephanie Longet, Karen Gooch, Yper Hall, Javier Salguero, Adriana Tomic, Miles Carroll","doi":"10.1038/s41541-025-01103-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01103-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Correlates of protection (CoPs) for SARS-CoV-2 have yet to be sufficiently defined. This study uses the machine learning platform, SIMON, to accurately predict the immunological parameters that reduced clinical pathology or viral load following SARS-CoV-2 challenge in a cohort of 90 non-human primates. We found that anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody and neutralising antibody titres were the best predictors of clinical protection and low viral load in the lung. Since antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 spike showed the greatest association with clinical protection and reduced viral load, we next used SIMON to investigate the immunological features that predict high antibody titres. It was found that a pre-immunisation response to seasonal beta-HCoVs and a high frequency of peripheral intermediate and non-classical monocytes predicted low SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG titres. In contrast, an elevated T cell response as measured by IFNγ ELISpot predicted high IgG titres. Additional predictors of clinical protection and low SARS-CoV-2 burden included a high abundance of peripheral T cells. In contrast, increased numbers of intermediate monocytes predicted clinical pathology and high viral burden in the throat. We also conclude that an immunisation strategy that minimises pathology post-challenge did not necessarily mediate viral control. This would be an important finding to take forward into the development of future vaccines aimed at limiting the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. These results contribute to SARS-CoV-2 CoP definition and shed light on the factors influencing the success of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":"10 1","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11997207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-disciplinary approaches paving the way for clinically effective peptide vaccines for cancer.","authors":"Bansari A Shah, James A Holden, Jason C Lenzo, Sara Hadjigol, Neil M O'Brien-Simpson","doi":"10.1038/s41541-025-01118-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01118-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cytotoxic CD8⁺ T lymphocyte (CTL) cells are central in mediating antitumor immunity. Induction of a robust CTL response requires, CTL interaction with professional antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells, displaying onco-antigenic peptide, often derived from tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) or neoantigens, and costimulation via CD4⁺ T helper cells which then elicits an effector and memory immune response that targets and kills cancer cells. Despite the tumoricidal capacity of CTLs, cancer cells can escape immune surveillance and killing due to their immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Therefore, to harness the CTL immune response and combat the effect of the TME, peptide-based T cell vaccines targeting specific onco-antigens, conjugated with adjuvants are a subject of ongoing research for cancer immunotherapy; particularly, multi-peptide vaccines, containing both CTL and CD4⁺ T helper cell epitopes along with an immunostimulant. Historically, peptide-based T cell vaccines have been investigated as a potential strategy for cancer immunotherapy. Despite initial enthusiasm, these peptide vaccines have not demonstrated success in clinical outcomes. However, recent advancements in our understanding of cancer immunology and the design of peptide vaccines targeting specific tumor antigens have paved the way for novel strategies in peptide-based immunotherapy. These advancements have reignited optimism surrounding the potential of peptide-based vaccines as a viable cancer therapeutic. This review explores the new strategies and discusses the exciting possibilities they offer. Specifically, this review develops an understanding of vaccine design and clinical outcomes, by discussing mechanisms of CTL effector and memory responses, and how peptide-based vaccines can induce and enhance these responses. It addresses the challenge of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) restriction, which limits the effectiveness of traditional peptide vaccines in individuals with diverse MHC types. It also delves into the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and overcoming its inhibitory effects using peptide-based vaccines for efficient cancer cell elimination. The review aims to provide an understanding of the complexities faced by each field in vaccine design, enhancing dialogue and understanding among researchers by bringing together the chemistry of vaccine synthesis, cancer immunology, and clinical studies to support the development of a peptide-based vaccine.</p>","PeriodicalId":19335,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Vaccines","volume":"10 1","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11982186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}