NPJ Schizophrenia最新文献_第5页

You read my mind: fMRI markers of threatening appraisals in people with persistent psychotic experiences. 你读懂了我的想法:持续精神病经历的人的威胁评估的fMRI标记。

IF 5.4 2区医学

NPJ Schizophrenia Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-021-00173-0

Raphael Underwood, Liam Mason, Owen O'Daly, Jeffrey Dalton, Andrew Simmons, Gareth J Barker, Emmanuelle Peters, Veena Kumari

{"title":"You read my mind: fMRI markers of threatening appraisals in people with persistent psychotic experiences.","authors":"Raphael Underwood, Liam Mason, Owen O'Daly, Jeffrey Dalton, Andrew Simmons, Gareth J Barker, Emmanuelle Peters, Veena Kumari","doi":"10.1038/s41537-021-00173-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-021-00173-0","url":null,"abstract":"Anomalous perceptual experiences are relatively common in the general population. Evidence indicates that the key to distinguishing individuals with persistent psychotic experiences (PEs) with a need for care from those without is how they appraise their anomalous experiences. Here, we aimed to characterise the neural circuits underlying threatening and non-threatening appraisals in people with and without a need for care for PEs, respectively. A total of 48 participants, consisting of patients with psychosis spectrum disorder (clinical group, n = 16), non-need-for-care participants with PEs (non-clinical group, n = 16), and no-PE healthy control participants (n = 16), underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while completing the Telepath task, designed to induce an anomalous perceptual experience. Appraisals of the anomalous perceptual experiences were examined, as well as functional brain responses during this window, for significant group differences. We also examined whether activation co-varied with the subjective threat appraisals reported in-task by participants. The clinical group reported elevated subjective threat appraisals compared to both the non-clinical and no-PE control groups, with no differences between the two non-clinical groups. This pattern of results was accompanied by reduced activation in the superior and inferior frontal gyri in the clinical group as compared to the non-clinical and control groups. Precuneus activation scaled with threat appraisals reported in-task. Resilience in the context of persistent anomalous experiences may be explained by intact functioning of fronto-parietal regions, and may correspond to the ability to contextualise and flexibly evaluate psychotic experiences.","PeriodicalId":19328,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Schizophrenia","volume":"7 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8505497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9193462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Relationship of ventral striatum activation during effort discounting to clinical amotivation severity in schizophrenia. 精神分裂症患者努力打折时腹侧纹状体激活与临床非激励严重程度的关系

IF 5.4 2区医学

NPJ Schizophrenia Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-021-00178-9

Greer E Prettyman, Joseph W Kable, Paige Didier, Sheila Shankar, Theodore D Satterthwaite, Christos Davatzikos, Warren B Bilker, Mark A Elliott, Kosha Ruparel, Daniel H Wolf

{"title":"Relationship of ventral striatum activation during effort discounting to clinical amotivation severity in schizophrenia.","authors":"Greer E Prettyman, Joseph W Kable, Paige Didier, Sheila Shankar, Theodore D Satterthwaite, Christos Davatzikos, Warren B Bilker, Mark A Elliott, Kosha Ruparel, Daniel H Wolf","doi":"10.1038/s41537-021-00178-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-021-00178-9","url":null,"abstract":"Motivational deficits play a central role in disability due to negative symptoms of schizophrenia (SZ), but limited pathophysiological understanding impedes critically needed therapeutic development. We applied an fMRI Effort Discounting Task (EDT) that quantifies motivation using a neuroeconomic decision-making approach, capturing the degree to which effort requirements produce reductions in the subjective value (SV) of monetary reward. An analyzed sample of 21 individuals with SZ and 23 group-matched controls performed the EDT during fMRI. We hypothesized that ventral striatum (VS) as well as extended brain motivation circuitry would encode SV, integrating reward and effort costs. We also hypothesized that VS hypoactivation during EDT decisions would demonstrate a dimensional relationship with clinical amotivation severity, reflecting greater suppression by effort costs. As hypothesized, VS as well as a broader cortico-limbic network were activated during the EDT and this activation correlated positively with SV. In SZ, activation to task decisions was reduced selectively in VS. Greater VS reductions correlated with more severe clinical amotivation in SZ and across all participants. However, these diagnosis and amotivation effects could not be explained by the response to parametric variation in reward, effort, or model-based SV. Our findings demonstrate that VS hypofunction in schizophrenia is manifested during effort-based decisions and reflects dimensional motivation impairment. Dysfunction of VS impacting effort-based decision-making can provide a target for biomarker development to guide novel efforts to assess and treat disabling amotivation.","PeriodicalId":19328,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Schizophrenia","volume":"7 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8501117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9216742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: Multivariate pattern analysis of brain structure predicts functional outcome after auditory-based cognitive training interventions. 作者更正:大脑结构的多变量模式分析预测基于听觉的认知训练干预后的功能结果。

IF 5.4 2区医学

NPJ Schizophrenia Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-021-00177-w

Lana Kambeitz-Ilankovic, Sophia Vinogradov, Julian Wenzel, Melissa Fisher, Shalaila S Haas, Linda Betz, Nora Penzel, Srikantan Nagarajan, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, Karuna Subramaniam

引用次数: 0

Antipsychotics for negative and positive symptoms of schizophrenia: dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled acute phase trials. 治疗精神分裂症阴性和阳性症状的抗精神病药物：急性期随机对照试验的剂量反应荟萃分析。

IF 5.7 2区医学

NPJ Schizophrenia Pub Date : 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-021-00171-2

Michel Sabe, Nan Zhao, Alessio Crippa, Stefan Kaiser

{"title":"Antipsychotics for negative and positive symptoms of schizophrenia: dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled acute phase trials.","authors":"Michel Sabe, Nan Zhao, Alessio Crippa, Stefan Kaiser","doi":"10.1038/s41537-021-00171-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-021-00171-2","url":null,"abstract":"Determining the optimal antipsychotic target dose in acute phase treatment is of high clinical relevance. The effect of antipsychotics on negative symptoms should be taken into account because patients will often continue on the treatment received in the acute phase. Therefore, we conducted a formal dose-response meta-analysis of negative symptoms and positive symptoms based on a systematic review of fixed-dose randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effectiveness of antipsychotics for the acute exacerbation of schizophrenia. Forty RCTs included a total of 15,689 patients. The 95% effective doses per day for the 13 antipsychotics included and 3 long acting were mostly different for negative and positive symptoms: amisulpride (481 mg, 690.6 mg); aripiprazole (11.9 mg, 11 mg); asenapine (7.61 mg, 5.66 mg); brexpiprazole (2.1 mg, 4 mg); cariprazine (4 mg, 6.51 mg); haloperidol (6.34 mg, 7.36 mg); lurasidone (58.2 mg, 86.3 mg); olanzapine (15.5 mg, 9.52 mg); olanzapine long-acting injection (15.7 mg, 13.5 mg); paliperidone (7.2 mg, 7 mg); paliperidone long-acting injection (7.5 mg, 5.9 mg); quetiapine instant-release (264.2 mg, 316.5 mg); quetiapine extended-release (774 mg, 707.2 mg); risperidone (7.5 mg, 7.7 mg); risperidone long-acting injection (5.13 mg, 6.7 mg); sertindole (13.5 mg, 16.3 mg); and ziprasidone (71.6 mg, 152.6 mg). The shape of the dose-response curves varied across different drugs with most drugs showing a plateau at higher doses. Most dose-response curves suggested that the near-maximum effective doses could be in the lower-to-medium range of the licensed dose. Additional RCTs are necessary to establish the optimal dose.","PeriodicalId":19328,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Schizophrenia","volume":"7 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8438046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10654340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

More than a biomarker: could language be a biosocial marker of psychosis? 不仅仅是生物标记:语言可以成为精神病的生物社会标记吗?

IF 5.4 2区医学

NPJ Schizophrenia Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-021-00172-1

Lena Palaniyappan

引用次数: 28

Multivariate pattern analysis of brain structure predicts functional outcome after auditory-based cognitive training interventions. 脑结构的多变量模式分析预测听觉认知训练干预后的功能结果。

IF 5.4 2区医学

NPJ Schizophrenia Pub Date : 2021-08-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-021-00165-0

Lana Kambeitz-Ilankovic, Sophia Vinogradov, Julian Wenzel, Melissa Fisher, Shalaila S Haas, Linda Betz, Nora Penzel, Srikantan Nagarajan, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, Karuna Subramaniam

{"title":"Multivariate pattern analysis of brain structure predicts functional outcome after auditory-based cognitive training interventions.","authors":"Lana Kambeitz-Ilankovic, Sophia Vinogradov, Julian Wenzel, Melissa Fisher, Shalaila S Haas, Linda Betz, Nora Penzel, Srikantan Nagarajan, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, Karuna Subramaniam","doi":"10.1038/s41537-021-00165-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-021-00165-0","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive gains following cognitive training interventions are associated with improved functioning in people with schizophrenia (SCZ). However, considerable inter-individual variability is observed. Here, we evaluate the sensitivity of brain structural features to predict functional response to auditory-based cognitive training (ABCT) at a single-subject level. We employed whole-brain multivariate pattern analysis with support vector machine (SVM) modeling to identify gray matter (GM) patterns that predicted higher vs. lower functioning after 40 h of ABCT at the single-subject level in SCZ patients. The generalization capacity of the SVM model was evaluated by applying the original model through an out-of-sample cross-validation analysis to unseen SCZ patients from an independent validation sample who underwent 50 h of ABCT. The whole-brain GM volume-based pattern classification predicted higher vs. lower functioning at follow-up with a balanced accuracy (BAC) of 69.4% (sensitivity 72.2%, specificity 66.7%) as determined by nested cross-validation. The neuroanatomical model was generalizable to an independent cohort with a BAC of 62.1% (sensitivity 90.9%, specificity 33.3%). In particular, greater baseline GM volumes in regions within superior temporal gyrus, thalamus, anterior cingulate, and cerebellum predicted improved functioning at the single-subject level following ABCT in SCZ participants. The present findings provide a structural MRI fingerprint associated with preserved GM volumes at a single baseline timepoint, which predicted improved functioning following an ABCT intervention, and serve as a model for how to facilitate precision clinical therapies for SCZ based on imaging data, operating at the single-subject level.","PeriodicalId":19328,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Schizophrenia","volume":"7 1","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1038/s41537-021-00165-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10646628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Dynamic face processing impairments are associated with cognitive and positive psychotic symptoms across psychiatric disorders. 动态面部处理障碍与精神疾病的认知和阳性精神病症状有关。

IF 5.4 2区医学

NPJ Schizophrenia Pub Date : 2021-08-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-021-00166-z

Hayley Darke, Suresh Sundram, Simon J Cropper, Olivia Carter

{"title":"Dynamic face processing impairments are associated with cognitive and positive psychotic symptoms across psychiatric disorders.","authors":"Hayley Darke, Suresh Sundram, Simon J Cropper, Olivia Carter","doi":"10.1038/s41537-021-00166-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-021-00166-z","url":null,"abstract":"Impairments in social cognition-including recognition of facial expressions-are increasingly recognised as a core deficit in schizophrenia. It remains unclear whether other aspects of face processing (such as identity recognition) are also impaired, and whether such deficits can be attributed to more general cognitive difficulties. Moreover, while the majority of past studies have used picture-based tasks to assess face recognition, literature suggests that video-based tasks elicit different neural activations and have greater ecological validity. This study aimed to characterise face processing using video-based stimuli in psychiatric inpatients with and without psychosis. Symptom correlates of face processing impairments were also examined. Eighty-six psychiatric inpatients and twenty healthy controls completed a series of tasks using video-based stimuli. These included two emotion recognition tasks, two non-emotional facial identity recognition tasks, and a non-face control task. Symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder groups were significantly impaired on the emotion-processing tasks and the non-face task compared to healthy controls and patients without psychosis. Patients with other forms of psychosis performed intermediately. Groups did not differ in non-emotional face processing. Positive symptoms of psychosis correlated directly with both emotion-processing performance and non-face discrimination across patients. We found that identity processing performance was inversely associated with cognition-related symptoms only. Findings suggest that deficits in emotion-processing reflect symptom pathology independent of diagnosis. Emotion-processing deficits in schizophrenia may be better accounted for by task-relevant factors-such as attention-that are not specific to emotion processing.","PeriodicalId":19328,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Schizophrenia","volume":"7 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1038/s41537-021-00166-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10703279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Individualized prediction of three- and six-year outcomes of psychosis in a longitudinal multicenter study: a machine learning approach. 纵向多中心研究中精神病患者3年和6年预后的个性化预测:机器学习方法。

IF 5.4 2区医学

NPJ Schizophrenia Pub Date : 2021-07-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-021-00162-3

Jessica de Nijs, Thijs J Burger, Ronald J Janssen, Seyed Mostafa Kia, Daniël P J van Opstal, Mariken B de Koning, Lieuwe de Haan, Wiepke Cahn, Hugo G Schnack

{"title":"Individualized prediction of three- and six-year outcomes of psychosis in a longitudinal multicenter study: a machine learning approach.","authors":"Jessica de Nijs, Thijs J Burger, Ronald J Janssen, Seyed Mostafa Kia, Daniël P J van Opstal, Mariken B de Koning, Lieuwe de Haan, Wiepke Cahn, Hugo G Schnack","doi":"10.1038/s41537-021-00162-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-021-00162-3","url":null,"abstract":"Schizophrenia and related disorders have heterogeneous outcomes. Individualized prediction of long-term outcomes may be helpful in improving treatment decisions. Utilizing extensive baseline data of 523 patients with a psychotic disorder and variable illness duration, we predicted symptomatic and global outcomes at 3-year and 6-year follow-ups. We classified outcomes as (1) symptomatic: in remission or not in remission, and (2) global outcome, using the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale, divided into good (GAF ≥ 65) and poor (GAF < 65). Aiming for a robust and interpretable prediction model, we employed a linear support vector machine and recursive feature elimination within a nested cross-validation design to obtain a lean set of predictors. Generalization to out-of-study samples was estimated using leave-one-site-out cross-validation. Prediction accuracies were above chance and ranged from 62.2% to 64.7% (symptomatic outcome), and 63.5-67.6% (global outcome). Leave-one-site-out cross-validation demonstrated the robustness of our models, with a minor drop in predictive accuracies of 2.3% on average. Important predictors included GAF scores, psychotic symptoms, quality of life, antipsychotics use, psychosocial needs, and depressive symptoms. These robust, albeit modestly accurate, long-term prognostic predictions based on lean predictor sets indicate the potential of machine learning models complementing clinical judgment and decision-making. Future model development may benefit from studies scoping patient's and clinicians' needs in prognostication.","PeriodicalId":19328,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Schizophrenia","volume":"7 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1038/s41537-021-00162-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10701150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Longitudinal association between CRP levels and risk of psychosis: a meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies. CRP 水平与精神病风险之间的纵向联系：基于人群的队列研究荟萃分析。

IF 5.4 2区医学

NPJ Schizophrenia Pub Date : 2021-05-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-021-00161-4

Emanuele F Osimo, Luke Baxter, Jan Stochl, Benjamin I Perry, Stephen A Metcalf, Setor K Kunutsor, Jari A Laukkanen, Marie Kim Wium-Andersen, Peter B Jones, Golam M Khandaker

{"title":"Longitudinal association between CRP levels and risk of psychosis: a meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies.","authors":"Emanuele F Osimo, Luke Baxter, Jan Stochl, Benjamin I Perry, Stephen A Metcalf, Setor K Kunutsor, Jari A Laukkanen, Marie Kim Wium-Andersen, Peter B Jones, Golam M Khandaker","doi":"10.1038/s41537-021-00161-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-021-00161-4","url":null,"abstract":"Meta-analyses of cross-sectional studies suggest that patients with psychosis have higher circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) compared with healthy controls; however, cause and effect is unclear. We examined the prospective association between CRP levels and subsequent risk of developing a psychotic disorder by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies. Databases were searched for prospective studies of CRP and psychosis. We obtained unpublished results, including adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, alcohol use, and socioeconomic status and suspected infection (CRP > 10 mg/L). Based on random effect meta-analysis of 89,792 participants (494 incident cases of psychosis at follow-up), the pooled odds ratio (OR) for psychosis for participants with high (>3 mg/L), as compared to low (≤3 mg/L) CRP levels at baseline was 1.50 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-2.07). Evidence for this association remained after adjusting for potential confounders (adjusted OR [aOR] = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.03-1.66). After excluding participants with suspected infection, the OR for psychosis was 1.36 (95% CI, 1.06-1.74), but the association attenuated after controlling for confounders (aOR = 1.23; 95% CI, 0.95-1.60). Using CRP as a continuous variable, the pooled OR for psychosis per standard deviation increase in log(CRP) was 1.11 (95% CI, 0.93-1.34), and this association further attenuated after controlling for confounders (aOR = 1.07; 95% CI, 0.90-1.27) and excluding participants with suspected infection (aOR = 1.07; 95% CI, 0.92-1.24). There was no association using CRP as a categorical variable (low, medium or high). While we provide some evidence of a longitudinal association between high CRP (>3 mg/L) and psychosis, larger studies are required to enable definitive conclusions.","PeriodicalId":19328,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Schizophrenia","volume":"7 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8163886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10610235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multimodal assessment of communicative-pragmatic features in schizophrenia: a machine learning approach. 精神分裂症患者交流语用特征的多模态评估：一种机器学习方法。

IF 5.7 2区医学

NPJ Schizophrenia Pub Date : 2021-05-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-021-00153-4

Alberto Parola, Ilaria Gabbatore, Laura Berardinelli, Rogerio Salvini, Francesca M Bosco

{"title":"Multimodal assessment of communicative-pragmatic features in schizophrenia: a machine learning approach.","authors":"Alberto Parola, Ilaria Gabbatore, Laura Berardinelli, Rogerio Salvini, Francesca M Bosco","doi":"10.1038/s41537-021-00153-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-021-00153-4","url":null,"abstract":"An impairment in pragmatic communication is a core feature of schizophrenia, often associated with difficulties in social interactions. The pragmatic deficits regard various pragmatic phenomena, e.g., direct and indirect communicative acts, deceit, irony, and include not only the use of language but also other expressive means such as non-verbal/extralinguistic modalities, e.g., gestures and body movements, and paralinguistic cues, e.g., prosody and tone of voice. The present paper focuses on the identification of those pragmatic features, i.e., communicative phenomena and expressive modalities, that more reliably discriminate between individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls. We performed a multimodal assessment of communicative-pragmatic ability, and applied a machine learning approach, specifically a Decision Tree model, with the aim of identifying the pragmatic features that best separate the data into the two groups, i.e., individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls, and represent their configuration. The results indicated good overall performance of the Decision Tree model, with mean Accuracy of 82%, Sensitivity of 76%, and Precision of 91%. Linguistic irony emerged as the most relevant pragmatic phenomenon in distinguishing between the two groups, followed by violation of the Gricean maxims, and then extralinguistic deceitful and sincere communicative acts. The results are discussed in light of the pragmatic theoretical literature, and their clinical relevance in terms of content and design of both assessment and rehabilitative training.","PeriodicalId":19328,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Schizophrenia","volume":"7 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8144364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10595991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0