Neurosciences最新文献_第9页

The protective effect of Astaxanthin on scopolamine - induced Alzheimer's model in mice. 虾青素对东莨菪碱诱导的阿尔茨海默氏症小鼠模型的保护作用。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230060

Rania Magadmi, Sara Nassibi, Fatemah Kamel, Aziza R Al-Rafiah, Duaa Bakhshwin, Maha Jamal, Mohammed Alsieni, Abdulhadi S Burzangi, M A F Zaher, Mohammed Bendary

{"title":"The protective effect of Astaxanthin on scopolamine - induced Alzheimer's model in mice.","authors":"Rania Magadmi, Sara Nassibi, Fatemah Kamel, Aziza R Al-Rafiah, Duaa Bakhshwin, Maha Jamal, Mohammed Alsieni, Abdulhadi S Burzangi, M A F Zaher, Mohammed Bendary","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230060","DOIUrl":"10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230060","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To investigate the fundamental mechanisms of the neuroprotective impact of Astaxanthin (AST) in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) induced by scopolamine.Methods: This research constituted an in vivo animal study encompassing 36 adult male mice, divided into 6 groups: Control, 100 mg/kg AST, 2 mg/kg scopolamine (AD group), 100 mg/kg AST+2 mg/kg scopolamine, 3 mg/kg galantamine+2 mg/kg scopolamine, and 100 mg/kg AST+3 mg/kg galantamine+2 mg/kg scopolamine. After 14 days, the mice's short-term memory, hippocampus tissue, oxidative and inflammatory markers were evaluated.Results: The AST demonstrated a beneficial influence on short-term memory and a reduction in acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain. It exhibited neuroprotective and anti-amyloidogenic properties, significantly decreased pro-inflammatory markers and oxidative stress, and reversed the decline of the Akt-1 and phosphorylated Akt pathway, a crucial regulator of abnormal tau. Furthermore, AST enhanced the effect of galantamine in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.Conclusion: The findings indicate that AST may offer therapeutic benefits against cognitive dysfunction in AD. This is attributed to its ability to reduce oxidative stress, control neuroinflammation, and enhance Akt-1 and pAkt levels, thereby underscoring its potential in AD treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":19284,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences","volume":"29 2","pages":"103-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11305357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epilepsia partialis continua: A review. 癫痫部分性持续状态：综述。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230074

Osama Y Muthaffar, Anas S Alyazidi

{"title":"Epilepsia partialis continua: A review.","authors":"Osama Y Muthaffar, Anas S Alyazidi","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230074","DOIUrl":"10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230074","url":null,"abstract":"Epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) is a rare type of focal motor seizure characterized by continuous, involuntary muscle contractions in a specific part of the body. These contractions usually involve rhythmic, twitching movements and can last for several hours to days. The seizures are usually limited to one part of the body and can be clonic or dystonic. EPC can affect people of all ages but is more common in children and adolescents. The pathophysiology of EPC is complex and depends on the cause. There are several possible causes of EPC including structural brain abnormalities, infections, metabolic and genetic disorders, inflammatory conditions, traumatic brain injury, and vascular causes. The work-up of EPC includes electroencephalography (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, position emission tomography (PET) scan of the brain, autoimmune antibodies, infection work-up, and metabolic and genetic work-up. The management of EPC can be challenging. Antiseizure medications (ASDs) including benzodiazepines are an integral part of the management of EPC. Immunotherapy trials are recommended in resistant cases. Epilepsy surgery is one of the effective modalities in some surgically amenable cases. This article reviews the topic of EPC and summarizes diagnostic and .treatment recommendations.","PeriodicalId":19284,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences","volume":"29 2","pages":"71-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11305367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Normative parameters of the Evans Index using Computer Tomography in the Saudi population. 在沙特人口中使用计算机断层扫描测量埃文斯指数的标准参数。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230097

Soha A Alomar, Aliaa H Ghoneim

{"title":"Normative parameters of the Evans Index using Computer Tomography in the Saudi population.","authors":"Soha A Alomar, Aliaa H Ghoneim","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230097","DOIUrl":"10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230097","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To calculate The Evans Index (EI) in normal Individuals. Ventricular enlargement is referred to as hydrocephalus. Computer tomography (CT) scans are commonly used to investigate such intracranial pathologies. The EI is an important parameter for diagnosing hydrocephalus.Methods: We included all patients who underwent Computer tomography (CT) scan of the brain that was reported as normal. The mean EI was calculated for the whole sample stratified by age, gender, and ethnicity. Patients with an initial report indicating any intracranial pathology, such as hydrocephalus, tumors, hemorrhages, or neurodegenerative disorders, were excluded.Results: A total of 1,330 brain CT scans carried out at our institution were reviewed retrospectively from August 2021 to December 2021. A total of 423 CT scans were screened after excluding 25 patients with abnormal imaging findings and 14 repeated images for the same patients. A total of 384 patients were included. The mean EI for the entire sample was 0.2550±0.0277. There was a minimal but statistically significant difference based on gender, with a mean EI of 0.2588±0.0274 for males and 0.2517±0.0276 for females (p=0.012). There was no statistically significant difference between Saudi and non-Saudi patients. EI increased progressively with age in both genders.Conclusion: Our EI values were similar to many of those reported in other countries, which supports the use of the 0.3 cutoff for the diagnosis of hydrocephalus, regardless of gender, age, or ethnicity.","PeriodicalId":19284,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences","volume":"29 2","pages":"122-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11305359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hemopatch^® as a primary dural sealant in cranial neurosurgery: Technical note and a retrospective study. Hemopatch® 作为颅神经外科的主要硬脑膜密封剂：技术说明和回顾性研究。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230109

Homoud A Aldahash, Muhammad A Ansary, Hana M Hallak, Meshari R Alhuthayl, Faisal A Alotaibi

{"title":"Hemopatch® as a primary dural sealant in cranial neurosurgery: Technical note and a retrospective study.","authors":"Homoud A Aldahash, Muhammad A Ansary, Hana M Hallak, Meshari R Alhuthayl, Faisal A Alotaibi","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230109","DOIUrl":"10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230109","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To determine the effectiveness and safety of Hemopatch® as a primary dural sealant in preventing CSF leakage following cranial surgery. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks occur in cranial operations and are associated with significant patient burden and expense. The use of Hemopatch® as a dural sealant in cranial neurosurgical procedures is described and analyzed in this study.Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from all patients who underwent a craniotomy for various neurosurgical indications where Hemopatch® was used as the primary dural sealant between June 2017 and June 2022. Infection and CSF leak were the main indicators evaluated after surgery.Results: A total of 119 consecutive patients met our inclusion criteria. The median was age 41.5 years, and 52.5% were female. The mean follow-up period was 2.3 years (7 months to 6 years). There were 110 (92.44%) supratentorial and 9 (7.56%) infratentorial craniotomies. Postoperative CSF leak was reported in 2 patients (1.68%), one in each cohort. Postoperative infection occurred in one patient (0.84%).Conclusion: The results suggest that using Hemopatch® as a dural sealant in cranial surgery is effective and safe. After supra-/infratentorial craniotomies, the rate of postoperative adverse events in our sample was within the range of known surgical revision rates. Future randomized clinical studies are required to confirm our encouraging findings.","PeriodicalId":19284,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences","volume":"29 2","pages":"128-132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11305368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurophobia: challenges and solutions. 神经恐惧症：挑战与解决方案。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230127

Tarig Abkur, Zahir Satti, Daniel G Di Luca, Ibrahim Alhashyan, Hanin Algethami

引用次数: 0

Atypical meningiomas compared to other WHO Grade 2 meningiomas: Histological features and prognosis. 非典型脑膜瘤与其他世卫组织 2 级脑膜瘤的比较：组织学特征和预后。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230091

Abdulrazag Ajlan, Saif Almeshari, Sarah Basindwah, Majed Aljohani, Yazed Alharbi, Fahad Aldhowaihy, Hisham Alkhaldi, Ashwag Alqurashi

{"title":"Atypical meningiomas compared to other WHO Grade 2 meningiomas: Histological features and prognosis.","authors":"Abdulrazag Ajlan, Saif Almeshari, Sarah Basindwah, Majed Aljohani, Yazed Alharbi, Fahad Aldhowaihy, Hisham Alkhaldi, Ashwag Alqurashi","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230091","DOIUrl":"10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230091","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To study each atypical feature in atypical meningioma versus other grade 2 meningiomas and its possible relation to recurrence.Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients with WHO grade 2 meningioma operated in our institution between 01/2008 and 12/2020. The rate of recurrence, reoperation and readmission were recorded during the follow-up period. A statistical analysis was done to determine the significance of each pathological feature in regard to recurrence.Results: A total of 74 patients were included as WHO grade 2 meningioma with 60 (81%) patients having an AM and 14 (19%) patients with chordoid or clear cell meningioma. The mean age was 51 years±14. The most common location was meningioma abutting the frontal lobe (convexity). Major atypical features were more noted in the AM, however, there was no significant difference between AM and other types of meningioma. Increased Nuclear cytoplasmic ratio and cellularity were found significantly more in AM. The recurrence rate was 16.2%. No specific pathology feature (major or minor) nor the type of Grade 2 meningioma was significantly related to recurrence.Conclusion: The types of WHO grade 2 meningiomas have similar prognosis and recurrence rates. There is no significant difference between the atypical features in indicating a more aggressive nature or risk of recurrence in grade 2 meningiomas.","PeriodicalId":19284,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences","volume":"29 2","pages":"96-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11305365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comment on: Diagnosis of autoimmune epilepsy requires documentation of a causal relationship between the immune response and seizures. 评论：诊断自身免疫性癫痫需要证明免疫反应与癫痫发作之间存在因果关系。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230126

S Zarrouk, Sounira Mehri, Josef Finsterer

引用次数: 0

WHO prequalifies a second malaria vaccine, a significant milestone in prevention of the disease. 世卫组织对第二种疟疾疫苗进行资格预审，这是预防疟疾的一个重要里程碑。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01

引用次数: 0

Risk factors for cerebral edema following aneurysm clipping in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. 动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者动脉瘤夹闭术后出现脑水肿的风险因素。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230082

Shifeng Xu, Baodong Chen, Hui Qi, Hongbin Liu

{"title":"Risk factors for cerebral edema following aneurysm clipping in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.","authors":"Shifeng Xu, Baodong Chen, Hui Qi, Hongbin Liu","doi":"10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230082","DOIUrl":"10.17712/nsj.2024.2.20230082","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To investigate the factors that contribute to the development of cerebral edema after aneurysm clipping in individuals with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).Methods: A total of 232 patients with aSAH caused by rupture and treated with aneurysm clipping were included in the retrospective analysis of clinical data. Postoperatively, the participants were categorized into two groups based on the presence or absence of cerebral edema: a complication group (n=33) and a non-complication group (n=199).A comparison was made between the overall data of the 2 groups.Results: In the complication group, there were higher proportions of patients experiencing recurrent bleeding, aneurysm in the posterior circulation, Fisher grade III-IV, World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade II, Hunt-Hess grade III-IV, concomitant hypertension, duration from onset to operation ≥12 h, and concomitant hematoma compared to the non-complication group (p<0.05). Cerebral edema after aneurysm clipping was associated with several risk factors including repeated bleeding, aneurysm in the back of the brain, Fisher grade III-IV, WFNS grade II, Hunt-Hess grade III-IV, simultaneous high blood pressure and hematoma, and a duration of at least 12 hours from the start of symptoms to the surgical procedure (p<0.05).Conclusion: In patients with aSAH, the risk of cerebral edema after aneurysm clipping is increased by recurrent bleeding, aneurysm in the posterior circulation, Fisher grade III-IV, WFNS grade II, Hunt-Hess grade III-IV, concomitant hypertension and hematoma, and duration of ≥12 h from onset to operation.","PeriodicalId":19284,"journal":{"name":"Neurosciences","volume":"29 2","pages":"90-95"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11305358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urgent action needed to protect children and prevent the uptake of e-cigarettes. 需要采取紧急行动保护儿童，防止他们吸食电子烟。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01

引用次数: 0