Neuropsychologia最新文献

{"title":"Manipulating memory processing during sleep to explore the critical duration of reactivation events","authors":"Andrew Lazarus ,&nbsp;Adrianna Bassard ,&nbsp;Eitan Schechtman","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Newly encoded memories are reactivated and consolidated during sleep. However, how the reactivation of a specific memory unfolds over time is poorly understood. What are the temporal dynamics of a single reactivation event within a period of sleep? Does extending a single reactivation opportunity translate to stronger memory benefits? We explored these dynamics by utilizing targeted memory reactivation (TMR), a technique that biases the consolidation of memories via the unobtrusive presentation of memory-associated cues during sleep. Participants learned the on-screen positions of sixty objects, each linked with a unique sound (e.g., cat - meow). Some sounds were then presented during non-REM sleep, with the duration allotted for reactivation causally controlled by varying the timing of the interstimulus interval. TMR did not lead to uniform improvement in memory, and no differences were observed between objects allotted short (2.5 s) and long (7.5 s) reactivation windows. However, memory for objects allotted short windows was impacted by TMR in an encoding-strength-dependent manner, with poorly encoded objects benefiting the most. Classification models trained on EEG data revealed memory reactivation that was time-locked to sound onset during sleep, and this measure of reactivation was linked with memory gains one week later. We did not find evidence for reactivation that extended beyond the time window immediately after sound onset (&lt;2 s). Although our results are not entirely conclusive, they suggest that the critical processes supporting memory consolidation conclude within &lt;2 s after reactivation onset and that extended reactivation windows do not confer additional benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep and script-based memory distortions","authors":"Margherita Calderan ,&nbsp;Enrico Toffalini ,&nbsp;Chiara Mirandola ,&nbsp;Nicola Cellini","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sleep has been widely studied for its role in memory consolidation, including its influence on false memory formation. While previous research suggests that sleep enhances associative false memories, its effect on reconstructive memory distortions remains unclear. This study investigated whether sleep influences false memory production in a script-based paradigm, which reflects real-world memory distortions. Seventy-two participants were assigned to either a Sleep or Wake condition, undergoing memory testing before and after a 12-h delay. False memories were assessed through gap-filling and inferential causal errors, using visually presented narratives depicting everyday events with neutral or emotionally negative outcomes. Results showed no reliable effect of sleep on false memory formation, regardless of error type or emotional valence. These preliminary findings contrast with prior studies using associative paradigms, suggesting that script-based false memories may rely on cognitive mechanisms that are less susceptible to sleep-related consolidation. Our study highlights the importance of task-specific processes in shaping the relationship between sleep and memory distortions, suggesting the need for further research to clarify the conditions under which sleep may contribute to memory distortions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The categorical effect of negative emotion on memory before and after sleep deprivation","authors":"Phoebe Aney ,&nbsp;Shengzi Zeng ,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Kensinger ,&nbsp;Seo Ho Song ,&nbsp;Tony J. Cunningham","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Human memory tends to bias negative over neutral information. Recent evidence suggests that this bias may be due to a categorical effect of emotionally salient information, which diminishes when negative information is less frequent. Moreover, sleep loss has been shown to impair memory. Here, we aimed to replicate this categorical–over valence–bias for emotional information and determine the influence of total sleep deprivation (TSD) on this effect.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-four healthy adults completed two learning-and-memory tasks: once before and once after a night of TSD. In each task, they were presented with 100 words ranging from neutral to negative. Participants were randomized into a “high” (50 % of words were negative) or “low” (12.5 % negative words) frequency condition. Recognition memory was assessed after a brief delay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Contrary to our hypothesis, we did not observe a shift in negative memory bias based on frequency condition. Before TSD, participants in both conditions (“high” and “low”) recalled more negative words than neutral words. Memory was impaired after TSD, for both negative and neutral words, yet a similar negative memory bias persisted across both the high and low frequency conditions, as measured by hit rate and sensitivity. Despite an absence of interaction between valence and condition, we observed a condition-related difference after TSD, with participants in the “low” condition adopting a more liberal response strategy, demonstrating a greater tendency to label all words as old compared to those in the “high” condition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A significant memory bias for negative words was present for both frequency conditions, both before and after TSD. While we were unable to replicate the loss of an emotional memory bias with altered frequency, we did find some evidence that frequency may interact with sleep loss to influence response strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Processing of implicit time: Evidence from event-related potentials","authors":"Yuxin Hao ,&nbsp;Xun Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The previous studies on the mechanism of aspectual coercion processing were focused on English, Polish, and Japanese, with a lack of studies on Chinese. The present study focused on Chinese aspectual coercion, an expression of implicit time, and explored the cognitive mechanism of aspectual coercion processing in Chinese. In our experiment, we manipulated two kinds of stimulus onset asynchrony(SOA). In long SOA, early Anterior Negativity(AN) and late AN were elicited; in short SOA, there was a triphasic effect of N400, late AN and semantic P600. The results showed that early AN in long SOA may be related to predicting errors; late AN may reflect reinterpretation process of lexical aspect; N400 in short SOA suggested that aspectual coercion processing may refer to semantic processing; semantic P600 in short SOA may reflect secondary reinterpretation or repairing of lexical aspect. Meanwhile, the results also showed that aspectual coercion processing varies in different languages and the processing of lexical aspect is different from that of grammatical aspect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual-level neuroimaging of cognitive control: from basic science to brain tumor clinical applications","authors":"Shir Hartman ,&nbsp;Tamar Arnon ,&nbsp;Yaara Erez","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cognitive control is the ability to pursue goal-directed behavior, select relevant information, and flexibly adapt to changing environments. A wide range of cognitive control functions is subserved by distributed regions primarily in frontal and parietal cortices. The individualized neuroimaging approach emphasizes the importance of functional organization at the individual level to reveal fine-grained details of functional brain networks. Here, we first review how this approach elucidates the multifaceted neural substrates of cognitive control, focusing on the domain-general ‘Multiple Demand’ network. Critically, we highlight the translational promise of this approach in clinical research and practice, where brain mapping and prediction at the individual patient level is a primary goal. Individual-level neuroimaging in patients with brain tumors is introduced as a test case, with a particular focus on cognitive control processes. We demonstrate how integration of multiple modalities is used to achieve precise and comprehensive mapping to advance surgical treatment, clinical decision-making, and post-surgery cognitive outcome prediction, aiming to improve patients' quality of life. Finally, we discuss challenges and avenues to facilitate individualized multi-modality neuroimaging in translational research, promoting the development of personalized diagnosis and therapeutic strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specialized response of default mode subnetworks and multiple-demand regions to changes in social content, place and time","authors":"Ashley X. Zhou ,&nbsp;Reza Rajimehr ,&nbsp;Arsalan Firoozi ,&nbsp;John Duncan ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Mitchell","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study used functional MRI data from the <em>StudyForrest</em> dataset to investigate the role of subnetworks of the default mode network (DMN) during naturalistic stimulus transitions of different types and magnitudes. We found distinct activation profiles within the DMN: the dmPFC subnetwork was specifically associated with social and location transitions, the MTL subnetwork preferred location and temporal transitions, while the Core DMN subnetwork responded to all three transition types. The multiple-demand network instead responded selectively to temporal transitions. These distinct response profiles appeared largely invariant to the semantic distance implied by the transitions. All subnetworks also responded significantly, and in a graded manner, to subjective event boundaries. Results suggest specific roles of the DMN subnetworks in perceiving and segmenting naturalistic events, supporting the view that DMN subnetworks cooperate in interpreting continuous external events and maintaining an updated contextual model of the world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ‘task’ of mind-wandering splits both multiple demand and default mode regions and ramps-up the deactivating regions","authors":"İrem Giray ,&nbsp;Ausaf A. Farooqui","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The activation of multiple demand (MD) regions to diverse tasks has been linked to the demands of making task-related cognitive control changes – keeping it focussed on task, controlling attention and working memory, organizing and maintaining a task model that will control the sequence and identity of what is to be done when, etc. Demanding tasks that require such control are also accompanied by a deliberative cognition whereby cognitive changes do not occur automatically and have to be made deliberately. We investigated whether the deliberativeness of cognition activates MD regions regardless of task-related demands. When not engaged in demanding tasks, the mind wanders. We asked participants to do the same during task periods, and to differentiate from rests, we asked them to deliberately and intensely wander their minds across random thoughts. We found that a set of MD regions – pre-supplementary motor area (preSMA), anterior insula, and posterior part of the middle frontal gyrus – activated during these periods, and another set – intraparietal sulcus, right anterior prefrontal cortex – deactivated. In fact, some of the activating regions (e.g., preSMA) activated more during this task than in response to robust working memory updating demands. Dissociations were also present in the Default Mode Network (DMN). Parts of the temporoparietal junction deactivated while posterior cingulate and medial prefrontal regions activated. Lastly, we found that the deactivating regions ramped-up their activity across the ‘task’ duration, showing that this ramp-up, previously linked to demands of sequentially organizing extended tasks, occurs during any construed task, including those without such demands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 109204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eyes wide open: Object-scene congruency and the pupillary response","authors":"Annika Agrawal ,&nbsp;Antje Nuthmann","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pupil response has long been considered a robust marker of cognitive load. In the context of semantic processing, research has demonstrated that the pupil dilates in response to stimuli which violate contextual expectations (e.g. events presented out of chronological order). However, the scope of this relationship has yet to be fully elucidated. For example, incongruent object-scene relationships, while comprehensively explored by eye-tracking and electrophysiology research, have yet to be investigated via pupillometry. In this study, we measured pupil size in response to an object-scene congruency task. Participants were presented with a photorealistic background scene and instructed to fixate their gaze on a cued point within the scene. Upon recovery of pupil size to baseline, a congruent object (i.e. an object which fit into the overall meaning of the scene) or an incongruent object appeared at the cued fixation point for the remainder of each trial. We hypothesized that incongruent objects would result in greater mean pupil dilation from baseline than congruent objects, due to the increase in cognitive effort required for semantic processing of incongruent objects within a scene. Yet, in opposition to our hypothesis, the results of a time-course analysis revealed that pupil size was significantly greater for the congruent condition than the incongruent condition. The resulting implications for understanding pupil dilation as a physiological marker, both independently and in comparison to other markers, for high-level cognitive processes such as semantic integration are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional neural oscillatory activities reveal the impact of attentional instructions on speech auditory feedback control","authors":"Yilun Zhang ,&nbsp;Kimaya Sarmukadam ,&nbsp;Vahid Nejati ,&nbsp;Roozbeh Behroozmand","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Speech production relies on precise integrations between vocal and auditory feedback mechanisms for fluent verbal communication. This study investigated how explicit attentional instructions influence speech auditory feedback control. A total of forty-three participants performed speech vowel vocalizations while receiving brief (200 ms) and randomized pitch shifts at ±100 cents magnitude in their auditory feedback during concurrent electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. Twenty-one participants were randomly assigned to an attentional-instruction group and were instructed to focus their attention on detecting pitch-shift stimuli via pressing a button whereas no such instructions were provided for the remaining twenty-two participants in the no-instruction group. Behavioral data revealed a significantly smaller peak magnitude of vocal compensation responses to auditory feedback alterations in the attentional-instruction compared with no-instruction group, suggesting an attentional modulation of the speech motor control mechanisms. Time-frequency analyses of EEG data showed a significantly stronger desynchronization of the high-beta band (20–30 Hz) neural activities for the attentional-instruction group, indicating enhanced audio-vocal integration when participants attentively monitored their speech feedback. In addition, we found that the accuracy of button-press responses for detecting pitch shifts positively correlated with the alpha and beta band power (8–30 Hz) while compensation magnitude positively correlated only with the gamma band power (30–80 Hz). These findings provide new insights into the effects of attentional instruction on the neural and behavioral correlates of speech motor control, emphasizing its application as a viable tool for targeted treatment of speech disorders in clinical populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 109202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemispheric laterality in neural processing of speech and non-speech temporal information on multiple timescales","authors":"Shunsuke Tamura ,&nbsp;Hidehiko Okamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerous studies have investigated hemispheric laterality of multi-band neural oscillatory activities in response to speech temporal information, but their speech- and language-specificity remain elusive. In the present study, using magnetoencephalography, we examined laterality patterns of theta (4–8 Hz) and high gamma-band (more than 80 Hz) activities phase-locked to temporal envelope and fine structure, respectively, of speech and non-speech stimuli. Monotone speech (MS) with a fundamental frequency of 80 Hz and its backward sound (bMS) were used as speech stimuli. We also used noise-vocoded speech (NVS), which has the same temporal envelope as MS, but no fine structure, and its backward sound (bNVS) to investigate the effects of temporal fine structure on multi-band oscillatory activities. A 5 Hz amplitude-modulated 80 Hz click-train (AMC) and noise (AMN) were used as non-speech stimuli. We confirmed that speech and non-speech stimuli with fine structure (MS, bMS, and AMC) caused stronger 5 Hz and 80 Hz activities in the right than in the left hemisphere. Regarding the language specificity, we found that the 5 Hz power in the right hemisphere decreased in backward compared to forward speech conditions (MS &gt; bMS and NVS &gt; bNVS). These results suggest that the right hemisphere plays an important role in auditory processing of temporal fine structure through high gamma-band activity in common with speech and non-speech sounds. In addition, theta-band activity phase-locked to the temporal envelope in the right hemisphere contributes to recognition of speech signals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 109199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}