Neuropeptides最新文献

{"title":"Melittin protects against neural cell damage in rats following ischemic stroke","authors":"Xiang Yao ,&nbsp;Junlong Kang ,&nbsp;Yufei Li ,&nbsp;Haoran Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhibin Yang ,&nbsp;E. Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>In this study, we explored the neuroprotective effect of melittin (MEL) after brain ischemia using a rat model.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The rats underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 60 min and were randomly divided into the control group, saline group, and MEL group. Rats in each group were injected intraperitoneally with MEL one day before MCAO until sacrificed. Morris water maze and rotation test were used to assess locomotor function and cognitive ability. The 9.4 Tesla MRI was used to scan and assess the infarct volume of the rat brains. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the sites of action of MEL on microglia. Western blot and ELISA were used to measure the effect of MEL on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The effect of MEL on neuronal cell apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared with the saline group, MEL treatment significantly increased the density of neurons in the cerebral cortical and reduced the cerebral infarct size after MCAO (33.9 ± 8.8% vs. 15.8 ± 3.9%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Meanwhile, the time for MEL-treated rats to complete the water maze task on the 11th day after MCAO was significantly shorter than that of rats in the saline group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). MEL treatment also prolonged the rotarod retention time on day 14 after MCAO. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that MEL inhibited the activation of microglia and suppressed the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in the brain after ischemia. MEL treatment resulted in a significant decrease in TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB p65 levels in extracts from the ischemic cerebral cortex. Finally, MEL reduced neuronal apoptosis induced by ischemic stroke (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>MEL treatment promotes neurological function recovery after cerebral ischemia in rats. These effects are potentially mediated through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19254,"journal":{"name":"Neuropeptides","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 102462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142083410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bromelain decreases oxidative stress and Neuroinflammation and improves motor function in adult male rats with cerebellar Ataxia induced by 3-acetylpyridine","authors":"Reza Bahar ,&nbsp;Maryam Jahani Chegeni ,&nbsp;Azin Tahvildari ,&nbsp;Mojtaba Sani ,&nbsp;Yaser Khakpour ,&nbsp;Maryam Hashemabady ,&nbsp;Mastooreh Sagharichi ,&nbsp;Nika Balaghirad ,&nbsp;Mohammad Taghizadeh ,&nbsp;Maryam Mehranpour ,&nbsp;Amir-Hossein Bayat ,&nbsp;Mobina Fathi ,&nbsp;Kimia Vakili ,&nbsp;Susan Roustaee ,&nbsp;Seyedeh Naghmeh Nourirad ,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Babaei ,&nbsp;Abbas Aliaghaei ,&nbsp;Neda Eskandari ,&nbsp;Hormoz Lahiji","doi":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bromelain is a plant-based molecule with antioxidant, antithrombotic, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. Bromelain has been shown to reduce the release of inflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to determine whether bromelain can prevent ataxia in rats caused by 3-acetylpyridine (3-AP). Thirty-six albino rats were divided into the control, 3-AP, and 3-AP + Brom groups. In the 3-AP + Brom group, bromelain was injected intraperitoneally at 40 mg/kg daily for 30 days. Various techniques such as rotarod, electromyography (EMG), elevated plus maze, IHC, and Sholl analysis were used to evaluate the possible effects of bromelain on cerebellar neurons and glial cells. The results demonstrated significant improvements in most of the 3-AP + Brom, including motor coordination, neuromuscular response, anxiety, oxidative capacity, microgliosis, astrogliosis, cell death, and morphological variables compared to the 3-AP group. The mechanism of action of bromelain in restoring cerebellar ataxia needs further investigation, but it may be a candidate to help restore degeneration in animals with ataxia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19254,"journal":{"name":"Neuropeptides","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 102455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ninjinyoeito ameliorates anorexia and changes in peptide YY and ghrelin levels of cisplatin-treated mice","authors":"Akinobu Hatae,&nbsp;Takuya Watanabe,&nbsp;Chise Taniguchi,&nbsp;Kaori Kubota,&nbsp;Shutaro Katsurabayashi,&nbsp;Katsunori Iwasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We explored the effect of Ninjinyoeito (NYT) on cisplatin-induced anorexia, which reduces cancer patient survival. Both gastrointestinal motility and plasma concentrations of gastrointestinal peptides were assessed. Nine-week-old ICR female mice received intraperitoneal cisplatin injections (10 mg/kg) and daily oral NYT doses of 300 mg/kg (NYT300) or 1000 mg/kg (NYT1000). Plasma levels of gastrointestinal peptides were measured at 3 and 6 days after cisplatin injection. Gastrointestinal motility was assessed by analyzing the concentration of phenol red marker within sections of the gastrointestinal tract. Cisplatin-injected mice showed a decrease in daily food intake, but this effect was attenuated on day 5 with NYT1000 administration. Although plasma ghrelin levels were reduced on day 3 in cisplatin-treated mice, NYT1000 administration ameliorated this decrease. However, there were no differences in ghrelin levels among all groups on day 6. Levels of peptide YY (PYY) were elevated in the plasma of cisplatin-injected mice on days 3 and 6. Administration of NYT300 and NYT1000 suppressed the increase in PYY levels on day 6 but not on day 3. Gastrointestinal motility was impaired on day 6 in cisplatin-treated mice, but NYT1000 administration attenuated this effect. Our results suggest that NYT improves cisplatin-induced anorexia by suppressing alterations in ghrelin and PYY levels and by increasing gastrointestinal motility. Therefore, NYT may be a promising candidate for alleviating cisplatin-induced anorexia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19254,"journal":{"name":"Neuropeptides","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 102464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143417924000635/pdfft?md5=e9234acd11366797dd1a70bafb18c233&pid=1-s2.0-S0143417924000635-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142056175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liangxue Tongyu prescription attenuates neuroinflammation by increasing cholecystokinin octapeptide in acute intracerebral hemorrhage rats","authors":"Jianxiang Li ,&nbsp;Yingying Sun ,&nbsp;Wenzhe Qiu ,&nbsp;Yu Zhou ,&nbsp;Dandan Zhou ,&nbsp;Yang Zhao ,&nbsp;Anlan Liu ,&nbsp;Yuan Yuan ,&nbsp;Weifeng Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inflammatory reactions after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (AICH) contribute significantly to a poor prognosis. Liangxue Tongyu Prescription (LTP) has been proven to be clinically effective in treating AICH. Numerous studies have shown that LTP suppresses brain inflammatory damage in AICH, while the internal mechanisms underlying its action remain unclear. The aim of this study was to verify the anti-inflammatory effects of LTP on an AICH rat model and investigate the potential mechanisms. The AICH rat models were created by injecting autologous blood into the right caudate nucleus. LTP markedly decreased cerebral hematoma and brain water content and recovered from neurological deficits. Meanwhile, LTP prevented microglial activation and reduced the inflammatory reaction caused by pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Notably, the expression of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) in the brain and intestine was increased by LTP or CCK-8 treatment. LTP further suppressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in the brains of rats with AICH. Moreover, LTP increased the protein and mRNA expression of Occludin and Claudin-1 in the intestine and decreased the levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and diamine oxidase (DAO) in serum. Furthermore, the results showed that LTP increased the protein and mRNA expression of Claudin-5 and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the brain. CCK-8 receptor antagonists increased the expression of NF-κB and the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These findings suggested that LTP attenuated neuroinflammation by increasing CCK-8 in the brain and intestine, and its mechanism might be related to alterations in the gut-brain axis (GBA).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19254,"journal":{"name":"Neuropeptides","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 102452"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141469661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression and localization of the neuropeptide Y-Y4 receptor in the chick spleen: mRNA upregulation by high ambient temperature","authors":"Haruka Nishimura ,&nbsp;Mohamed Z. Elhussiny ,&nbsp;Yoshimitsu Ouchi ,&nbsp;Shogo Haraguchi ,&nbsp;Taichi Q. Itoh ,&nbsp;Elizabeth R. Gilbert ,&nbsp;Mark A. Cline ,&nbsp;Shotaro Nishimura ,&nbsp;Yoshinao Z. Hosaka ,&nbsp;Eiki Takahashi ,&nbsp;John F. Cockrem ,&nbsp;Takashi Bungo ,&nbsp;Vishwajit S. Chowdhury","doi":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High ambient temperatures (HT) can increase diencephalic neuropeptide Y (NPY) expression, and central injection of NPY attenuates heat stress responses while inducing an antioxidative state in the chick spleen. However, there is a lack of knowledge about NPY receptor expression, and its regulation by HT, in the chick spleen. In the current study, male chicks were used to measure the expression of NPY receptors in the spleen and other immune organs under acute (30 vs. 40 ± 1°C for 3 h) or chronic (30 vs. 40 ± 1°C for 3 h/day for 3 days) exposure to HT and in response to central injection of NPY (47 pmol, 188 pmol, or 1 nmol). We found that NPY-Y4 receptor mRNA was expressed in the spleen, but not in other immune organs studied. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that NPY-Y4 receptors were localized in the splenic pulp. Furthermore, NPY-Y4 receptor mRNA increased in the chick spleen under both acute and chronic exposure to HT. Central NPY at two dose levels (47 and 188 pmol) and a higher dose (1 nmol) did not increase splenic NPY-Y4 receptor mRNA expression or splenic epinephrine under HT (35 ± 1°C), and significantly increased 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) concentrations under HT (40 ± 1°C). In conclusion, increased expression of NPY-Y4 receptor mRNA in the spleen under HT suggest that Y4 receptor may play physiological roles in response to HT in male chicks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19254,"journal":{"name":"Neuropeptides","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 102459"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143417924000581/pdfft?md5=f52d9e73c00f9c5dca1139e53cf90a94&pid=1-s2.0-S0143417924000581-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) reduced phoenixin expression, induced abnormal sperm and testis morphology in male rats","authors":"Zahra Isnaini Mohamed,&nbsp;Mageswary Sivalingam,&nbsp;Ammu K. Radhakrishnan,&nbsp;Faizul Jaafar,&nbsp;Syafiq Asnawi Zainal Abidin","doi":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npep.2024.102447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chronic stress caused by prolonged emotional pressure can lead to various physiological issues, including reproductive dysfunction. Although reproductive problems can also induce chronic stress, the impact of chronic stress-induced reproductive dysfunction remains contentious. This study investigates the effects of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) on reproductive neuropeptides, sperm quality, and testicular morphology. Sixteen twelve-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were divided into two groups: a non-stress control group and a CUS-induced group. The CUS regimen involved various stressors over 28 days, with both groups undergoing behavioural assessments through sucrose-preference and forced-swim tests. Hypothalamic gene expression levels of <em>CRH, PNX, GPR173, kisspeptin, GnRH, GnIH</em>, and <em>spexin</em> neuropeptides were measured via qPCR, while plasma cortisol, luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone concentrations were quantified using ELISA. Seminal fluid and testis samples were collected for sperm analysis and histopathological evaluation, respectively. Results showed altered behaviours in CUS-induced rats, reflecting stress impacts. Hypothalamic <em>corticotropin-releasing hormone</em> (<em>CRH</em>) expression and plasma cortisol levels were significantly higher in CUS-induced rats compared to controls (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Conversely, <em>phoenixin</em> (<em>PNX</em>) expression decreased in the CUS group (p &lt; 0.05), while <em>kisspeptin, spexin</em>, and <em>gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH)</em> levels showed no significant differences between groups. Despite a significant increase in <em>GnRH</em> expression (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), plasma LH and testosterone concentrations were significantly lower (p &lt; 0.05) in CUS-induced rats. Histopathological analysis revealed abnormal testis morphology in CUS-induced rats, including disrupted architecture, visible interstitial spaces between seminiferous tubules, and absence of spermatogenesis. In conclusion, CUS affects reproductive function by modulating <em>PNX</em> and <em>GnRH</em> expression, influencing cortisol levels, and subsequently reducing plasma LH and testosterone concentrations. This study highlights the complex interplay between chronic stress and reproductive health, emphasizing the significant impact of stress on reproductive functions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19254,"journal":{"name":"Neuropeptides","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 102447"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143417924000465/pdfft?md5=16f41a83157ab3f756fdb1ce7389ed12&pid=1-s2.0-S0143417924000465-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141313689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MP-13, a novel chimeric peptide of morphiceptin and pepcan-9, produces potent antinociception with limited side effects","authors":"Chenxi Mei ,&nbsp;Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhanyu Niu ,&nbsp;Jerine Peter Simon ,&nbsp;Tong Yang ,&nbsp;Mingmin Huang ,&nbsp;Zhonghua Zhang ,&nbsp;Lanxia Zhou ,&nbsp;Shouliang Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pharmacological investigations have substantiated the potential of bifunctional opioid/cannabinoid agonists in delivering potent analgesia while minimizing adverse reactions. Peptide modulators of cannabinoid receptors, known as pepcans, have been investigated before. In this study, we designed a series of chimeric peptides based on pepcans and morphiceptin (YPFP-NH₂). Here, we combined injections of pepcans and morphiceptin to investigate the combination treatment of opioids and cannabis and compared the analgesic effect with chimeric compounds. Subsequently, we employed computational docking to screen the compounds against opioid and cannabinoid receptors, along with an acute pain model, to identify the most promising peptide. Among these peptides, MP-13, a morphiceptin and pepcan-9 (PVNFKLLSH) construct, exhibited superior supraspinal analgesic efficacy in the tail-flick test, with an ED₅₀ value at 1.43 nmol/mouse, outperforming its parent peptides and other chimeric analogs. Additionally, MP-13 displayed potent analgesic activity mediated by mu-opioid receptor (MOR), delta-opioid receptor (DOR), and cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor pathways. Furthermore, MP-13 did not induce psychological dependence and gastrointestinal motility inhibition at the effective analgesic doses, and it maintained non-tolerance-forming antinociception throughout a 7-day treatment regimen, with an unaltered count of microglial cells in the periaqueductal gray region, supporting this observation. Moreover, intracerebroventricular administration of MP-13 demonstrated dose-dependent antinociception in murine models of neuropathic, inflammatory, and visceral pain. Our findings provide promising insights for the development of opioid/cannabinoid peptide agonists, addressing a crucial gap in the field and holding significant potential for future research and development.</p></div><div><h3>Perspective</h3><p>This article offers insights into the combination treatment of pepcans with morphiceptin. Among the chimeric peptides, MP-13 exhibited potent analgesic effects in a series of preclinical pain models with a favorable side-effect profile.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19254,"journal":{"name":"Neuropeptides","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 102440"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141321313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trefoil factor 1 (TFF1) reduces cerebral edema and gastric mucosal injury by regulating the EGFR/Src/FAK pathway in an intracerebral hemorrhage rat model","authors":"Chao Huang ,&nbsp;Likun Wang ,&nbsp;Guofeng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The destruction of the blood-brain barrier and damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are important reasons for its high disability and mortality rates. However, the exact etiology is not yet clear. In addition, there are currently no effective treatments for improving cerebral edema and gastric mucosal damage after ICH. Trefoil factor 1 (TFF1) is a secretory protein that plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity and barrier function of the gastric mucosa, and it has been reported to have a protective effect on brain damage induced by various causes. This study utilized a rat model of ICH induced by type IV collagenase was utilized, and intervened with recombinant TFF1 protein from an external institute to investigate the protective mechanisms of TFF1 against brain edema and gastric mucosal damage after ICH. The results demonstrated that TFF1 alleviated the neurological function and gastric mucosal damage in the rat model of ICH induced by type IV collagenase. TFF1 may ensure the integrity of the blood-brain and gastric mucosal barriers by regulating the EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor)/Src (non-receptor tyrosine kinase)/FAK (focal adhesion kinase) pathway. Clearly, the disruption of the blood-brain barrier and the destruction of the gastric mucosal barrier are key pathological features of ICH, and TFF1 can improve the progression of blood-brain barrier and gastric mucosal barrier disruption in ICH by regulating the EGFR/Src/FAK pathway. Therefore, TFF1 may be a potential target for the treatment of ICH.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19254,"journal":{"name":"Neuropeptides","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 102460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143417924000593/pdfft?md5=e91a9ee599634bd01394d82cfcaedaf9&pid=1-s2.0-S0143417924000593-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141978268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute sleep deprivation (ASD) and cardioprotection: Impact of ASD on oxytocin-mediated sympathetic nervous activation preceding myocardial infarction","authors":"Marjan Aghajani ,&nbsp;Mozhgan Aghajani ,&nbsp;Ehsan Kazemi Moghaddam ,&nbsp;Mahdieh Faghihi ,&nbsp;Alireza Imani","doi":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>This study explored how acute sleep deprivation (ASD) before myocardial ischemia influences oxytocin release from paraventricular (PVN) neurons and its correlation with sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity post-acute sleep loss, impacting subsequent left ventricular (LV) remodeling following myocardial infarction (MI).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study was conducted in two phases: induction of ASD, inducing MI, blood sampling, euthanizing animals and collecting their heart and brain for histological and gene expression evaluations. The animals in first and second phase were euthanized 24 h and 14 days after MI, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Pre-MI ASD, accompanied by increased serum epinephrine levels within 24 h of MI, upregulated oxytocin and cFos expression in the PVN. Also, pre-MI ASD resulted in decreased serum PAB levels 14 days post-MI (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). While notable echocardiographic changes were seen in MI versus sham groups, ASD demonstrated protective effects. This was evidenced by reduced infarct size, elevated TIMP1, MMP2, and MMP9 in the LV of SD + MI animals versus MI alone (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, histological analysis showed reduced LV fibrosis in pre-MI ASD subjects (P &lt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study supports the notion that activation of oxytocin neurons within the PVN subsequent to ASD interacts with autonomic centers in the central nervous system. This enhanced sympathetic outflow to the heart prior to MI triggers a preconditioning response, thereby mediating cardioprotection through decreased oxidative stress biomarkers and regulated extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19254,"journal":{"name":"Neuropeptides","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 102453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Na+ channel receptor of FMRFamide in the cephalopod Sepiella japonica: Identification, characterisation, and expression profiling during different stages of gonadal development","authors":"Hui-Min Cao ,&nbsp;Jun-Hong Wu ,&nbsp;Shuang Li,&nbsp;Xu Zhou,&nbsp;Li-Bing Zheng,&nbsp;Chang-Feng Chi","doi":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.npep.2024.102437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>FMRFamide, a member of the neuropeptide family, is involved in numerous physiological processes. FMRFamide-activated sodium channels (FaNaCs) are a family of non-voltage-gated, amiloride-sensitive, Na⁺-selective channels triggered by the neuropeptide FMRFamide. In the present study, the full-length cDNA of the FaNaC receptor of <em>Sepiella japonica</em> (<em>SjFaNaC</em>) was cloned. The cDNA of <em>SjFaNaC</em> was 3004 bp long with an open reading frame (ORF) of 1812 bp, encoding 603 amino acid residues with no signal peptide at the N-terminus. Sequence analysis indicated that <em>Sj</em>FaNaC shared a high identity with other cephalopods FaNaCs and formed a sister clade with bivalves. The protein structure was predicted using SWISS-MODEL with <em>Ac</em>FaNaC as the template. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed that <em>SjFaNaC</em> transcripts were highly expressed in both female and male reproductive organs, as well as in the optic lobe and brain of the central nervous system (CNS). Results of <em>in situ</em> hybridisation (ISH) showed that <em>SjFaNaC</em> mRNA was mainly distributed in the medulla and deep retina of the optic lobe and in both the supraesophageal and subesophageal masses of the brain. Subcellular localisation indicated that the <em>Sj</em>FaNaC protein was localised intracellularly and on the cell surface of HEK293T cells. In summary, these findings may lay the foundation for future exploration of the functions of <em>Sj</em>FaNaC in cephalopods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19254,"journal":{"name":"Neuropeptides","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 102437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141026726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}