Neuropsychobiology最新文献

{"title":"Anxiety Trajectories during Electroconvulsive Therapy and Their Role in Predicting Depression Treatment Response: Towards Personalized Therapy.","authors":"Wanling Huang, Nanxue Duan, Yang Ji, Rui Qian, Hao Zheng, Kai Wang, Meidan Zu, Yanghua Tian","doi":"10.1159/000550252","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Current predictors of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) effects rely on static measures. The prognostic value of anxiety evolution during ECT remains unestablished, which impedes personalized treatment. This study aims to investigate the dynamic evolution of anxiety during ECT and its predictive role in treatment effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected 1,053 data points from 117 patients with depression who were undergoing ECT, measuring both the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) and the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) at baseline and at each of the first eight ECT sessions. K-means longitudinal clustering identified anxiety evolution patterns, while linear mixed-effects modeling (LMM) and survival analysis were used to assess associations with treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three distinct anxiety trajectory phenotypes were identified: rapid anxiety remitters (cluster A: 47%), gradual anxiety improvers (cluster B: 41%), and anxiety non-remitters (cluster C: 12%). LMM analysis demonstrated significantly greater HAMD-17 reduction slopes in cluster A (β = -1.32, p = 0.003) and cluster B (β = -1.15, p = 0.007) compared to cluster C. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a hierarchical response advantage (cluster A > B > C; log-rank χ2 = 32.15, p < 0.001). Multivariable Cox regression confirmed the superior predictive value of trajectories over baseline HAMA: rapid anxiety remitters showed a 19.77-fold higher response likelihood than anxiety non-remitters (95% CI 8.21-47.63), compared to only a 4% increased probability per HAMA point (hazard ratios = 1.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dynamic anxiety trajectories are effective biomarkers for ECT response, offering enhanced predictive value over baseline HAMA scores and enabling personalized treatment strategies for depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"104-115"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146041298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial Insights into Lithium Response in Bipolar Disorder: A State-of-the-Art Review.","authors":"Sinem Balaç, Fulya Dal Yöntem, Bilge Karacicek, Izel Cemre Aksahin, Claudia Pisanu, Sevin Hun Senol, Mirko Manchia, Anna Meloni, Odeya Damri, Galila Agam, Ayşegül Özerdem, Sermin Genc, Alessio Squassina, Deniz Ceylan","doi":"10.1159/000549993","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe, recurrent mood disorder associated with mitochondrial and bioenergetic dysfunction, which may contribute to both symptom expression and variability in treatment response. Although lithium remains the gold standard treatment, a significant proportion of patients fail to achieve full benefit, and reliable predictive biomarkers are still lacking. Increasing evidence suggests that lithium exerts part of its therapeutic effects through modulation of mitochondrial function, including enhanced oxidative phosphorylation, regulation of mitochondrial dynamics, and reduction of oxidative stress.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>In this state-of-the-art review, we synthesize the current literature on the relationship between lithium and mitochondrial function, with the aim of evaluating how this relationship may inform our understanding of lithium response in BD. We reviewed findings on mitochondrial bioenergetics, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial DNA alterations, and discussed the roles of key regulatory proteins such as Drp1, Opa1, MFN2, and Nrf2. In addition, we explore peripheral and epigenetic biomarkers, including mitochondrial DNA D-loop methylation, microRNAs, and a potential therapeutic target - mitochondrial transfer mechanism. In addition to synthesizing the existing literature, we identify key gaps that hinder progress, such as clinical studies being predominantly cross-sectional, lacking standardized mitochondrial assessments, and rarely employing longitudinal or genetically informed designs like mitochondrial twin studies.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Future research requires unified protocols, integration of omics technologies, extracellular vesicle-based sampling strategies, and improved in vitro and in vivo models. A better understanding of mitochondrial signatures related to lithium may enable biomarker discovery and advance personalized treatment in BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"116-140"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145743589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemokines and Motor Symptoms in First-Episode Psychosis: Are We Overlooking One of the Puzzle Pieces in Understanding the Neurological Immune Mechanisms behind Them?","authors":"Alejandro Ballesteros, Maria Flores-Lopez, Ana Sánchez-Torres, Antonia Serrano, Eloi Giné-Servén, Ana L Gavito, Fernándo Rodríguez de Fonseca, Manuel J Cuesta","doi":"10.1159/000549183","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The role of chemokines in motor abnormalities (MAs) in first-episode psychosis (FEP) is underexplored. Investigating immune biomarker levels in FEP, their association with MAs, and their differences with individuals without FEP may reveal therapeutic targets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-eight patients and thirty-four controls were included. Primary outcomes assessed group differences in chemokines related immune whole blood biomarkers, including innate (CCL2, CCL3, and CCL11), compensatory (PPARα, CXCL1, and CB2), natural immune chemotaxis biomarkers (CXCL2 and CXCR4), and growth factors (LPAR2, brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF], and vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]). Our secondary aim was to examine their association with the total score of five motor scales: the Neurological Evaluation Scale (NES), Simpson Angus Scale (SAS), catatonia symptom of the Comprehensive Assessment of Symptoms and History (CASH), Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale, and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found significantly higher levels of protein markers (CCL2, VEGF, and CXCL12) and mRNA expression (CXCR4, PPARα, CB2, and LPAR2) in FEP patients compared to the control group. We only observed positive and significant results for CCL2-UPDRS total and CXCR4-SAS associations in post hoc multivariate analyses (β = 0.401, p = 0.036 and β = 0.58, p = 0.001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated levels of potential neurotoxic (CCL2) and neuroprotective (PPARα and CB2) biomarkers were seen in FEP patients when compared to controls. Moreover, CCL2 levels seem to be directly associated with Parkinsonism in FEP patients, while CXCR4 may be protective against extrapyramidal symptoms. Further research should clarify immune differences between FEP and non-FEP groups, especially in chemotaxis and endocannabinoid pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"73-84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145810751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CACNA2D2 rs56287038:G>T and SCN1A rs2298771:C>T Variants Are Associated with Antiseizure Medication Response in Turkish Epilepsy Patients: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Zeynep Gizem Todurga-Seven, Kubra Cigdem Pekkoc-Uyanik, Erhan Rasit Agay","doi":"10.1159/000551767","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, with variants in ion channel genes such as SCN1A, SCN1B, and CACNA2D2 implicated in neuronal excitability. This research aims to explore genetic polymorphisms in the SCN1A, SCN1B, and CACNA2D2 genes among Turkish epilepsy patients and assess their impact on responsiveness to anti-seizure medications (ASMs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) was applied to genomic DNA from 29 patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Common 15 variants were analyzed in CACNA2D2 (rs2239801, rs56287038), SCN1A (rs2298771, rs3032638, rs11394960, rs67636132, rs566839, rs1461193, rs6432861, rs2020318), and SCN1B (rs72556351, rs2278995, rs557140301, rs67701503, rs55742440). A statistically significant difference in ASM response was observed in the recessive model of SCN1A rs2298771: C>T (TT vs. CC+CT) (p = 0.044), with the TT genotype associated with improved response. CACNA2D2 rs56287038:G>T showed significance in the allelic model (p = 0.012); the T allele was found only in resistant patients. SCN1A haplotype analysis revealed reduced C allele frequency in responders (p = 0.041). The CT (rs2298771+rs2020318), CG (rs2298771+rs1461193), and CC (rs2298771+rs6432861) haplotypes also showed considerable differences among groups (p = 0.041, p = 0.023, p = 0.041, respectively). Moreover, CTG (rs2298771+rs2020318+rs1461193), CCG (rs2298771+rs6432861+rs1461193), and CTCG (rs2298771+rs2020318+rs6432861+rs1461193) haplotypes were significantly associated with treatment response (p = 0.023, p = 0.023, p = 0.022). However, none of these associations remained statistically significant after false discovery rate correction, and all findings should therefore be interpreted as exploratory.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CACNA2D2 rs56287038:G>T and SCN1A rs2298771:C>T may effect ASM response.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"231-244"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Network Ties between Sleep Quality, Suicidality, and Psychopathology.","authors":"Corinna Slanitz, Jürgen Fuchshuber, Sabrina Mörkl, Jolana Wagner-Skacel, Human Unterrainer","doi":"10.1159/000551597","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: In recent years, growing attention has been given to the role of sleep disturbances in mental health outcomes, assuming a potential link between sleep problems and suicidality. This study applies a network analysis to examine how sleep quality is interconnected with suicidal thoughts and behaviors, as well as with a range of psychopathological symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total sample of 1,674 participants (75.3% female, 24.7% male) from the general population were investigated and completed standardized assessments of sleep quality and psychopathological symptoms. A regularized cross-sectional partial correlation network between sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]), suicidality (Scale for Suicidal Experience and Behavior [SSEV]), and psychopathological symptoms (Brief Symptom Inventory [BSI-18]) was estimated using the EBICglasso algorithm. Node centrality, predictability, and bridge centrality were evaluated, and bootstrap methods were employed to test the stability and significance of the network structure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The network was found to be stable, supporting reliable interpretations. Active suicide thoughts, anxiety, and subjective sleep quality were found to be the most influential nodes within the investigated psychopathological network. Depression and daytime impairment due to poor sleep quality were observed as nodes with the highest bridge centrality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight that depression and, importantly, daytime functioning related to poor sleep quality play a central role in linking suicidality and sleep quality. This emphasizes the need to address not only nighttime sleep problems but also daytime impairments as key clinical targets. Prioritizing interventions that improve sleep and restore daytime functioning may therefore be crucial in suicide prevention and clinical care. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"168-179"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13193689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147491304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites with Neurocognitive Function in Unaffected Offspring of Parents with Bipolar Disorder.","authors":"Gökçeçiçek Arıcı Sağlıyan, Fatih Hilmi Çetin, Fikret Akyürek, Özlem Çiçek Zekey, Serhat Türkoğlu, Halit Necmi Uçar, Bahadır Öztürk, Kürşat Altınbaş","doi":"10.1159/000551769","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The study aimed to investigate whether alterations in tryptophan (TRP) metabolites reflect dysregulation of the kynurenine (KYN) pathway, which has been implicated in bipolar disorder (BD), and to examine their relationship with cognitive functioning by assessing TRP metabolite levels alongside executive performance in non-affected offspring of individuals diagnosed with BD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 32 healthy offspring of parents with BD type I as the case group and 31 healthy offspring of parents without any psychiatric disorders as controls. Psychiatric screening was conducted using the Turkish adaptation of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children - Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL-DSM-5). Executive functioning was examined using a neuropsychological battery that included the Stroop, Serial Digit Learning (SDLT), and Cancellation (CT) tests. Serum levels of TRP, KYN, kynurenic acid (KYNA), 3-hydroxy kynurenine (3-HK), and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, as well as metabolite ratios (KYN/TRP, KYNA/KYN, 3-HK/KYN, and KYNA/3-HK), were measured. Logistic regression analysis was applied as part of the statistical approach to evaluate whether these metabolites and ratios could distinguish the offspring of individuals with BD from healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neurocognitive performance was significantly poorer in the case group than in the control group. Serum levels of TRP (t = 3.568, p = 0.001), KYN (t = 3.772, p = 0.001), KYNA (t = 2.797, p = 0.007), and the ratios of KYN/TRP (t = 2.550, p = 0.014) and KYNA/3-HK (z = -2.557, p = 0.011) were significantly decreased in cases, whereas KYNA/KYN (t = -2.562, p = 0.013) and 3-HK/KYN (z = -3.368, p = 0.001) ratios were significantly elevated. Correlation analyses showed significant associations between executive function deficits and TRP (r = 0.367, p = 0.039), KYN (r = 0.380, p = 0.032), KYNA (r = 0.488, p = 0.005), 3-HK (r = 0.492, p = 0.004), and the 3-HK/KYN ratio (r = 0.408, p = 0.020). Logistic regression analysis indicated that lower KYN levels distinguished cases from controls (OR = 0.986, 95% CI = 0.978-0.995, p = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings indicate that metabolism within the KYN pathway in the offspring of individuals with BD shows a shift toward its neurotoxic branch, reflected by increased 3-HK/KYN ratios and decreased KYNA-related indices, and this was associated with deficits in executive functioning. These findings indicate that alterations in TRP metabolism may play a role in altered cognitive processing among individuals with a familial predisposition to BD. Further research employing larger cohorts and dimensional analyses is needed to elucidate these relationships more precisely.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"255-270"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Cognition in Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review of Current Pharmacological and Nutraceutical Approaches.","authors":"Nefize Yalin, Aysegul Yildiz","doi":"10.1159/000551232","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cognitive impairment is a core feature of bipolar disorder (BD) that impacts functioning and quality of life. This review systematically summarizes the evidence on pharmacological and nutraceutical interventions for cognitive deficits in BD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycInfo was conducted to identify studies examining the efficacy of pharmacological or nutraceutical interventions on cognition in individuals aged 18-65 years with euthymic or partially remitted BD from inception to December 29, 2024. This review was registered with PROSPERO (Reference No. CRD42024618397). Risk of bias assessment was conducted using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) quality assessment tools. The extracted data were summarized using a narrative synthesis approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen studies were included, evaluating 13 different agents. Working memory, verbal learning and memory, executive functioning, social cognition, and attention/vigilance were improved by multiple agents. Galantamine showed replicated pro-cognitive effects on verbal learning and memory. Lithium, tianeptine, Withania somnifera (ashwagandha), insulin, and lurasidone each demonstrated cognitive benefits in single studies. Erythropoietin and pramipexole showed mixed results across two studies. Methylene blue, JNJ-18038683, docosahexaenoic acid, modafinil, and quetiapine revealed no significant effects. The quality of the studies ranged from good to poor, and the safety and tolerability profiles of the agents were favorable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest possible approaches for improving cognitive functioning in individuals with BD. Nevertheless, the inconsistency in outcomes and differences in study methodologies highlight the need for larger, rigorously controlled trials with uniform cognitive evaluations to confirm these findings and to assess their clinical relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"201-218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147474314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetoencephalographic Signatures of Facial Emotion Processing in Schizophrenia and Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Mauro Scala, Juergen Dukart, Giuseppe De Simone, Giuseppe Fanelli, Rocío Arroyo Iturra, Sara Bordignon, Chiara Fabbri, Alessandro Serretti","doi":"10.1159/000550903","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Social withdrawal is a frequent marker of functional decline in schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and major depressive disorder (MDD), and is associated with deficits in facial-emotion recognition (FER). Magnetoencephalography (MEG) captures neuronal activity at millisecond resolution, enabling the assessment of fast oscillatory dynamics and functional connectivity during FER. This systematic review compares MEG responses during implicit and explicit FER tasks in adults with schizophrenia, AD, and MDD to identify possible transdiagnostic and disorder-specific alterations. However, no eligible studies were identified for AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL were systematically searched from inception to February 2025 for MEG studies comparing adults with schizophrenia, AD, or MDD with healthy controls during implicit (i.e., passive viewing) or explicit (i.e., labeling) FER tasks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen studies met inclusion criteria (four schizophrenia, 14 MDD, none in AD). Schizophrenia and MDD showed transdiagnostic MEG patterns across disorder-specific studies, including early temporal-cortical hyperactivation (50-150 ms) during implicit FER and early amygdala hyper-reactivity (within 100 ms) followed by prefrontal hypo-recruitment (100-500 ms) during explicit FER, with disrupted cortico-limbic connectivity. Schizophrenia was associated with specific increases in theta-gamma coupling and unidirectional visual-limbic-prefrontal connectivity during explicit FER. MDD showed a shift from early gamma hyper-synchrony (50-150 ms) to late beta/gamma hypo-synchrony (250-500 ms), with reduced fronto-limbic and fusiform-amygdala coupling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MEG reveals a transdiagnostic signature of FER dysfunction that may be linked to social withdrawal and disorder-specific oscillatory patterns that may inform targeted neuromodulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"180-200"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147308323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma Allopregnanolone and Sex Hormone Responses to Stress Induction: Contributors to the Formation of Intrusive Memories.","authors":"Khalisa Amir Hamzah, Madeline Jarvis, Natalie P Turner, Ottmar V Lipp, Jonathan M Flintoff, Luke Schmidt, Luke J Ney","doi":"10.1159/000548951","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Intrusive memories are a central identifying symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and their development can be modelled in experimental settings with the trauma film paradigm. Neurosteroids and sex hormones, such as allopregnanolone and testosterone, respectively, have recently become potential targets for PTSD pharmacological treatment due to their influence on the stress response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the current study, 49 healthy female participants underwent stress induction and viewed a trauma film. Plasma allopregnanolone, testosterone, and cortisol responses to stress induction and the trauma film were recorded, and stress-induced responses were modelled as predictors of intrusive memory frequency using negative binomial regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to baseline, plasma allopregnanolone and cortisol levels, along with subjective stress, were significantly higher after the stress induction. Plasma cortisol and subjective stress responses to the stress induction task significantly predicted intrusive memories. Allopregnanolone and testosterone did not predict intrusive memories, though allopregnanolone and cortisol stress responses were significantly correlated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings expand our current understanding of the biochemical processes of intrusive memory formation under stress. Additionally, changes in allopregnanolone were observed in response to stress, which contributes towards the discussion of neurosteroids and sex hormones as potential pharmacological targets for the treatment of PTSD. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"22-38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12826762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145810714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participant Experience in a Study of Dietary Counselling plus Omega-3 Supplementation for the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder among Women: A Focus Group Study.","authors":"Monique Aucoin, Domenique Barbaro, Laura LaChance, Kieran Cooley","doi":"10.1159/000550697","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Nutrition is an important determinant of health among people with mental disorders; however, barriers to dietary counselling exist. The Eating and Supplementation for Generalized Anxiety Disorder study (\"EASe-GAD\") was the first trial to assess the impact of these interventions on anxiety symptoms. The primary objective of the present companion qualitative study was to gather and analyze qualitative data about the acceptability, participant experience, impact, barriers and facilitators, strengths, and weaknesses of the EASe-GAD program while also identifying opportunities for improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were eligible for this study if they participated in the EASe-GAD trial. Data were collected using focus groups which followed a semi-structured interview approach with a set of predetermined questions. The sessions were recorded and transcribed for data analysis. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three focus groups were completed, involving a total of 12 women. They reported a range of components that they found helpful, such as increased self-efficacy, as well as positive outcomes that they attributed to the intervention, such as improved mental and physical health. They reported components of the program that were less enjoyable, such as having their body weight measured, and also suggested opportunities for improvement. Many participants reported that cost implications of a diet intervention were an important consideration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This project provided valuable insight into the participant experience and impact of the pilot dietary counselling program. Participants reported benefits and opportunities for improvement for subsequent studies aimed at improving nutrition among people with anxiety disorders. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":" ","pages":"141-155"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13002229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146053100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}