npj Quantum Information最新文献_第2页

Quantum-enhanced imaging for characterizing anisotropic material 表征各向异性材料的量子增强成像

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01014-z

Meng-Yu Xie, Su-Jian Niu, Zhao-Qi-Zhi Han, Yin-Hai Li, Ren-Hui Chen, Xiao-Hua Wang, Ming-Yuan Gao, Li Chen, Yue-Wei Song, Zhi-Yuan Zhou, Bao-Sen Shi

{"title":"Quantum-enhanced imaging for characterizing anisotropic material","authors":"Meng-Yu Xie, Su-Jian Niu, Zhao-Qi-Zhi Han, Yin-Hai Li, Ren-Hui Chen, Xiao-Hua Wang, Ming-Yuan Gao, Li Chen, Yue-Wei Song, Zhi-Yuan Zhou, Bao-Sen Shi","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01014-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01014-z","url":null,"abstract":"Polarimetric imaging, a technique that captures the invisible polarization-related properties of given materials, has broad applications from fundamental physics to advanced fields such as target recognition, stress detection, biomedical diagnosis and remote sensing. The introduction of quantum sources into classical imaging systems has demonstrated distinct advantages, yet few studies have explored their combination with polarimetric imaging. In this study, we present a quantum polarimetric imaging system that integrates polarization-entangled photon pairs into a polarizer-sample-compensator-analyzer-typed polarimeter. Our system visualizes the birefringence properties of a periodical-distributed anisotropic material under decreasing illumination levels and diverse disturbing light sources. Compared to the classical system, the quantum approach reveals the superior sensitivity and robustness in low-light conditions, particularly useful in biomedical studies where the low illumination and non-destructive detection are urgently needed. The study also highlights the nonlocality of entangled photons in birefringence measurement, indicating the potential of quantum polarimetric system in the remote sensing domain.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unified framework for calculating convex roof resource measures 凸顶板资源测度计算的统一框架

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01012-1

Xuanran Zhu, Chao Zhang, Zheng An, Bei Zeng

{"title":"Unified framework for calculating convex roof resource measures","authors":"Xuanran Zhu, Chao Zhang, Zheng An, Bei Zeng","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01012-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01012-1","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum resource theories (QRTs) provide a comprehensive and practical framework for the analysis of diverse quantum phenomena. A fundamental task within QRTs is the quantification of resources inherent in a given quantum state. In this work, we introduce a unified computational framework for a class of widely utilized quantum resource measures, derived from convex roof extensions. We establish that the computation of these convex roof resource measures can be reformulated as an optimization problem over a Stiefel manifold, which can be further unconstrained through polar projection. Compared to existing methods employing semi-definite programming (SDP), gradient-based techniques or seesaw strategy, our approach not only demonstrates satisfying computational efficiency but also maintains applicability across various scenarios within a unified framework. We substantiate the efficacy of our method by applying it to several key quantum resources, including entanglement, coherence, and magic states. Moreover, our methodology can be readily extended to other convex roof quantities beyond the domain of resource theories, suggesting broad applicability in the realm of quantum information theory.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantum simulations of chemistry in first quantization with any basis set 具有任意基集的第一量子化化学量子模拟

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-00987-1

Timothy N. Georges, Marius Bothe, Christoph Sünderhauf, Bjorn K. Berntson, Róbert Izsák, Aleksei V. Ivanov

{"title":"Quantum simulations of chemistry in first quantization with any basis set","authors":"Timothy N. Georges, Marius Bothe, Christoph Sünderhauf, Bjorn K. Berntson, Róbert Izsák, Aleksei V. Ivanov","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-00987-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-00987-1","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum computation of the energy of molecules and materials is one of the most promising applications of fault-tolerant quantum computers. Practical applications require development of quantum algorithms with reduced resource requirements. Previous work has mainly focused on quantum algorithms where the Hamiltonian is represented in second quantization with compact basis sets while existing methods in first quantization are limited to a grid-based basis. In this work, we present a new method to solve the generic ground-state chemistry problem in first quantization using any basis set. We achieve asymptotic speedup in Toffoli count for molecular orbitals, and orders of magnitude improvement using dual plane waves as compared to the second quantization counterparts. In some instances, our approach provides similar or even lower resources compared to previous first quantization plane wave algorithms that, unlike our approach, avoids the loading of the classical data. The developed methodology can be applied to variety of applications, where the matrix elements of a first quantized Hamiltonian lack simple circuit representation.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantum causal inference with extremely light touch 极轻触摸的量子因果推理

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-024-00956-0

Xiangjing Liu, Yixian Qiu, Oscar Dahlsten, Vlatko Vedral

引用次数: 0

Free-space continuous-variable quantum key distribution under high background noise 高背景噪声下自由空间连续变量量子密钥分布

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01009-w

Xue-Tao Zheng, Qi-Fa Zhang, Jie Ling, Guang-Can Guo, Zheng-Fu Han

引用次数: 0

Networking quantum networks with minimum cost aggregation 用最低成本聚合技术实现量子网络联网

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01000-5

Koji Azuma

引用次数: 0

High-dimensional entanglement witnessed by correlations in arbitrary bases

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-00990-6

Nicky Kai Hong Li, Marcus Huber, Nicolai Friis

{"title":"High-dimensional entanglement witnessed by correlations in arbitrary bases","authors":"Nicky Kai Hong Li, Marcus Huber, Nicolai Friis","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-00990-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-00990-6","url":null,"abstract":"Certifying entanglement is an important step in the development of many quantum technologies, especially for higher-dimensional systems, where entanglement promises increased capabilities for quantum communication and computation. A key feature distinguishing entanglement from classical correlations is the occurrence of correlations for complementary measurement bases. In particular, mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) are a paradigmatic example that is well-understood and routinely employed for entanglement certification. However, implementing unbiased measurements exactly is challenging and not generically possible for all physical platforms. Here, we extend the entanglement-certification toolbox from correlations in MUBs to arbitrary bases. This practically significant simplification paves the way for efficient characterizations of high-dimensional entanglement in a wide range of physical systems. Furthermore, we introduce a simple three-MUBs construction for all dimensions without using the Wootters–Fields construction, potentially simplifying experimental requirements when measurements in more than two MUBs are needed, especially in high-dimensional settings.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Realizing ultrahigh capacity quantum superdense coding on quantum photonic chip

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01007-y

Yuan Li, Huihui Zhu, Wei Luo, Hong Cai, Muhammad Faeyz Karim, Xianshu Luo, Feng Gao, Xiang Wu, Xiaoqi Zhou, Qinghua Song, Leong Chuan Kwek, Ai Qun Liu

{"title":"Realizing ultrahigh capacity quantum superdense coding on quantum photonic chip","authors":"Yuan Li, Huihui Zhu, Wei Luo, Hong Cai, Muhammad Faeyz Karim, Xianshu Luo, Feng Gao, Xiang Wu, Xiaoqi Zhou, Qinghua Song, Leong Chuan Kwek, Ai Qun Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01007-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01007-y","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum superdense coding provides a compelling solution to enhance the channel capacity compared with classical coding, which plays a vital role in quantum networks. However, the realization of a degenerate high-dimensional entangled state with high fidelity has remained an elusive challenge, limiting improvement in channel capacity. Here, we have demonstrated a 16-mode quantum process photonic chip and experimentally validated a degenerate eight-dimensional quDit entangled state with a fidelity of ({{0.973}}pm {{0.002}}). Moreover, we propose an efficient Bell state measurement method to distinguish eleven orthogonal Bell states in eight-dimensional quantum superdense coding. Leveraging the high-quality features of our quantum photonic chip, we have achieved an unprecedented channel capacity of ({{3.021}}pm {{0.003}}) bits, highlighting the largest channel capacity to date. Furthermore, our method presents a remarkable quantum advantage over classical schemes, the latter of which can only transmit a maximum of 3 bits in the environment without any noise. Our findings not only open up a new avenue for integrated quantum information processing, but also contribute significantly to the advancement of multidimensional technologies, facilitating the establishment of practical, high-capacity quantum networks.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"10503 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantum-enhanced dark matter detection with in-cavity control: mitigating the Rayleigh curse

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01004-1

Haowei Shi, Anthony J. Brady, Wojciech Górecki, Lorenzo Maccone, Roberto Di Candia, Quntao Zhuang

{"title":"Quantum-enhanced dark matter detection with in-cavity control: mitigating the Rayleigh curse","authors":"Haowei Shi, Anthony J. Brady, Wojciech Górecki, Lorenzo Maccone, Roberto Di Candia, Quntao Zhuang","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01004-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01004-1","url":null,"abstract":"The nature of dark matter is a fundamental puzzle in modern physics. A major approach of searching for dark matter relies on detecting feeble noise in microwave cavities. However, the quantum advantages of common quantum resources such as squeezing are intrinsically limited by the Rayleigh curse—a constant loss places a sensitivity upper bound on these quantum resources. In this paper, we propose an in situ transient control to mitigate such Rayleigh limit. The protocol consists of three steps: in-cavity quantum state preparation, axion accumulation with tunable time duration, and measurement. For the quantum source, we focus on the single-mode squeezed state (SMSS), and the entanglement-assisted case using signal-ancilla pairs in two-mode squeezed state (TMSS), where the ancilla does not interact with the axion. From quantum Fisher information rate evaluation, we derive the requirement of cavity quality factor, thermal noise level and squeezing gain for quantum advantage. When the squeezing gain becomes larger, the optimal axion accumulation time decreases, which reduces loss and mitigates the Rayleigh curse—i.e., the quantum advantage increases with the squeezing gain. Overall, we find that TMSS is more sensitive in the low-temperature limit. In the case of SMSS, as large gain is required for an advantage over vacuum, homodyne detection is sufficient to achieve optimality. Whereas, for TMSS, anti-squeezing and photon counting is optimal. Thanks to recent advances in magnetic field-resilient in-cavity squeezing and rapidly coupling out for photon counting, the proposed protocol is compatible with axion detection scenario.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Halving the cost of quantum algorithms with randomization 用随机化将量子算法的成本减半

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01003-2

John M. Martyn, Patrick Rall

{"title":"Halving the cost of quantum algorithms with randomization","authors":"John M. Martyn, Patrick Rall","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01003-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01003-2","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum signal processing (QSP) provides a systematic framework for implementing a polynomial transformation of a linear operator, and unifies nearly all known quantum algorithms. In parallel, recent works have developed randomized compiling, a technique that promotes a unitary gate to a quantum channel and enables a quadratic suppression of error (i.e., ϵ → O(ϵ2)) at little to no overhead. Here we integrate randomized compiling into QSP through Stochastic Quantum Signal Processing. Our algorithm implements a probabilistic mixture of polynomials, strategically chosen so that the average evolution converges to that of a target function, with an error quadratically smaller than that of an equivalent individual polynomial. Because nearly all QSP-based algorithms exhibit query complexities scaling as (O(log (1/epsilon )))—stemming from a result in functional analysis—this error suppression reduces their query complexity by a factor that asymptotically approaches 1/2. By the unifying capabilities of QSP, this reduction extends broadly to quantum algorithms, which we demonstrate on algorithms for real and imaginary time evolution, phase estimation, ground state preparation, and matrix inversion.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0