npj Quantum Information最新文献_第10页

Three-outcome multipartite Bell inequalities: applications to dimension witnessing and spin-nematic squeezing in many-body systems 三结果多部贝尔不等式：在多体系统维数见证和自旋向列挤压中的应用

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2026-06-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-026-01261-8

Guillem Müller-Rigat, Albert Aloy, Maciej Lewenstein, Matteo Fadel, Jordi Tura

{"title":"Three-outcome multipartite Bell inequalities: applications to dimension witnessing and spin-nematic squeezing in many-body systems","authors":"Guillem Müller-Rigat, Albert Aloy, Maciej Lewenstein, Matteo Fadel, Jordi Tura","doi":"10.1038/s41534-026-01261-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-026-01261-8","url":null,"abstract":"We present a three-outcome Bell inequality, which we show to be naturally suited to explore nonlocal correlations in many-body spin-1 systems or SU(3) models. In the specific, we demonstrate from this inequality an experimentally practical Bell correlation test based on the measurement of collective spin components. Next, we analyze such an inequality as a dimension witness, namely, criteria whose violation signals the impossibility of reproducing the inferred correlations by Hilbert spaces of a certain dimension. In particular, our approach enables the certification of genuine three-level correlations in systems of arbitrary size, which cannot be reproduced by an ensemble of qubits. Then, we demonstrate how metrological resources, in the form of spin-nematic squeezed states as produced in spin-1 Bose Einstein condensates involving thousands of atoms, maximally violate such a witness. Moreover, we propose that the robustness of the violation can be used to certify the number of high-dimensional parties in the system. In this direction, we demonstrate that, in the thermodynamic limit, the squeezed correlations described above require the system to be composed entirely of qutrits. Our results shed light on the fundamental role of high-dimensional quantum resources in many-body systems and their application for metrological purposes.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148287639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-quality and field resilient microwave resonators on Ge quantum well heterostructures 基于Ge量子阱异质结构的高质量场弹性微波谐振器

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2026-06-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-026-01297-w

Luigi Ruggiero, Carlo Ciaccia, Pauline Drexler, Vera Jo Weibel, Christian Olsen, Christian Schönenberger, Dominique Bougeard, Andrea Hofmann

{"title":"High-quality and field resilient microwave resonators on Ge quantum well heterostructures","authors":"Luigi Ruggiero, Carlo Ciaccia, Pauline Drexler, Vera Jo Weibel, Christian Olsen, Christian Schönenberger, Dominique Bougeard, Andrea Hofmann","doi":"10.1038/s41534-026-01297-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-026-01297-w","url":null,"abstract":"Superconducting resonators integrated with germanium (Ge) quantum wells (QWs) offer a promising platform for hybrid quantum devices. Yet, in the most common heterostructure architectures, they have so far been limited by sizable photon losses. Here, we report the fabrication and characterization of microwave resonators patterned in the aluminum (Al) thin film of an in-situ grown superconductor/semiconductor hybrid heterostructure (HS). The semiconductor part of this hybrid HS is grown on a commercial Ge substrate. We consistently achieve internal quality factors Qi > 1000, surpassing previous results on Ge QW heterostructures grown using the concept of a virtual Ge substrate on silicon (Si) substrates. We reach Qi ≈ 49,000 at single-photon occupation and a plateau of Qi ≈ 20,000 at sub-one photon, an order of magnitude larger than any previously reported value of resonators on Ge QW structures at low power. We further characterize the thin Al film forming the resonator, extracting its kinetic inductance and superconducting gap, and studying its magnetic field dependence. Notably, the resonance remains well-defined up to in-plane magnetic fields of 850 mT. A hysteresis emerges in the out-of-plane magnetic field dependence, for both the resonance frequency and the quality factor, indicating an interesting interplay between vortex-and quasiparticle loss mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148287673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards practical quantum neural network diagnostics with neural tangent kernels 应用神经切线核实现量子神经网络诊断

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2026-06-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-026-01280-5

Francesco Scala, Christa Zoufal, Dario Gerace, Francesco Tacchino

{"title":"Towards practical quantum neural network diagnostics with neural tangent kernels","authors":"Francesco Scala, Christa Zoufal, Dario Gerace, Francesco Tacchino","doi":"10.1038/s41534-026-01280-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-026-01280-5","url":null,"abstract":"Predicting the performance of a Quantum Neural Network (QNN) on a given dataset before its training can save critical resources. However, obtaining such a priori information is, in general, very challenging. The Quantum Neural Tangent Kernel (QNTK) has recently emerged as a tool to mathematically describe the behavior of QNNs. Here, we provide practical guidelines for using the QNTK to diagnose the performance of a given QNN model. In particular, we link QNTK spectral features to the training dynamics, and we show how a first-order kernel approximation can predict the expected inference performance. By analyzing the interplay between the number of model parameters and of training samples, we identify a mismatch at the interpolation threshold: while the QNTK exhibits a double descent in generalization error, we observe that QNNs do not show this behavior in practice. This suggests that QNTK diagnostics are mostly reliable for overparametrized models well above the interpolation regime. Extensive numerical simulations across different architectures and datasets validate our approach. Our results demonstrate that QNTK diagnostics yields useful information about QNN behavior for sufficiently deep circuits, and enable detecting and addressing potential shortcomings in model design.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148287674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An almost-linear time decoding algorithm for quantum LDPC codes under circuit-level noise 电路级噪声下量子LDPC码的近线性时间译码算法

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2026-06-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-026-01292-1

Antonio deMarti iOlius, Imanol Etxezarreta Martinez, Joschka Roffe, Josu Etxezarreta Martinez

{"title":"An almost-linear time decoding algorithm for quantum LDPC codes under circuit-level noise","authors":"Antonio deMarti iOlius, Imanol Etxezarreta Martinez, Joschka Roffe, Josu Etxezarreta Martinez","doi":"10.1038/s41534-026-01292-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-026-01292-1","url":null,"abstract":"Fault-tolerant quantum computers must be designed in conjunction with classical co-processors that decode quantum error correction measurement information in real-time. In this work, we introduce the belief propagation plus ordered Tanner forest (BP + OTF) algorithm as an almost-linear time decoder for quantum low-density parity-check codes. The OTF post-processing stage removes qubits from the decoding graph until it has a tree-like structure. Provided that the resultant loop-free OTF graph supports a subset of qubits that can generate the syndrome, BP decoding is then guaranteed to converge. To enhance performance under circuit-level noise, we introduce a technique for sparsifying detector error models. This method uses a transfer matrix to map soft information from the full detector graph to the sparsified graph, preserving critical error propagation information from the syndrome extraction circuit. Our BP+OTF implementation first applies standard BP to the full detector graph, followed by BP + OTF post-processing on the sparsified graph. Numerical simulations show that the BP+OTF decoder achieves similar logical error suppression compared to state-of-the-art inversion-based and matching decoders for bivariate bicycle and surface codes, respectively, while maintaining almost-linear runtime complexity across all stages.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148287875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Demonstrating optical control of complex phases in a trapped-ion qubit 演示捕获离子量子比特中复杂相的光学控制

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2026-06-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-026-01286-z

Shi-Lei Su, Jin-Tao Bu, W.-Q. Ding, A. Kinos, J.-F. Wei, Y. Zhang, L.-L. Yan, L. Chen, K.-F. Cui, F. Zhou, Shou Zhang, Gang Chen, M. Feng, K. Mølmer

{"title":"Demonstrating optical control of complex phases in a trapped-ion qubit","authors":"Shi-Lei Su, Jin-Tao Bu, W.-Q. Ding, A. Kinos, J.-F. Wei, Y. Zhang, L.-L. Yan, L. Chen, K.-F. Cui, F. Zhou, Shou Zhang, Gang Chen, M. Feng, K. Mølmer","doi":"10.1038/s41534-026-01286-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-026-01286-z","url":null,"abstract":"Practical and robust control of the complex phases of qubit superposition states is necessary for high-fidelity quantum gates. Here we experimentally demonstrate such control in a trapped ultracold 40Ca+ ion, where the phase of qubit ground state is modified by optical driving to an excited state. Using a third spectator quantum level as reference, we experimentally measure the phases generated on the ground state amplitude by different driving schemes. While geometric phases exhibit intrinsic robustness to systematic control errors due to their dependence on global geometric properties (e.g., Berry curvature) rather than dynamical details, their resilience to decoherence remains a topic requiring critical clarification. In this work, we show that geometric phases are not in general immune to environment-induced decoherence, and their practical robustness, including to decoherence, depends on active error-suppression strategies. We implement different driving schemes and find that minimizing excited state decay is more decisive for their robustness on decoherence than whether the phase is of a geometric or dynamical character. This work established and demonstrated a new control strategy that mitigates decoherence effects in geometric/complex phase systems, compensating for their susceptibility to decoherence. We experimentally benchmark four phase-imprinting protocols under a tunable engineered dissipation channel and controlled systematic errors in a single trapped-ion qubit. Our central quantitative finding is that the sensitivity to decoherence is governed by the time-integrated excited-state population, rather than by whether the accumulated phase is labeled geometric or dynamical.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148287881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrated high-quality multi-wavelength quantum light source compatible with ITU Channel Grid 兼容ITU信道网格的集成高质量多波长量子光源

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2026-06-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-026-01290-3

Jing Qiu, Yilin Yang, Chennan Wu, Jiaqi Zhao, Yuankai Liu, Yuanhua Li, Hao Li, Yuanlin Zheng, Xianfeng Chen

{"title":"Integrated high-quality multi-wavelength quantum light source compatible with ITU Channel Grid","authors":"Jing Qiu, Yilin Yang, Chennan Wu, Jiaqi Zhao, Yuankai Liu, Yuanhua Li, Hao Li, Yuanlin Zheng, Xianfeng Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41534-026-01290-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-026-01290-3","url":null,"abstract":"Scalable quantum networks require high-quality multi-wavelength light sources to enable simultaneous quantum communication among multiple users1. However, realizing such sources with high brightness, low noise, and chip-scale integration remains challenging. We demonstrate a high-quality and multi-wavelength quantum light source based on a periodically poled thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) microring resonator employing spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) with a 100-GHz free spectral range (FSR), compatible with International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Channel Grid. In our experiment, twelve pairs of non-degenerate photon pairs are generated, exhibiting a photon-pair generation rate (PGR) of 817 MHz/mW, brightness of 1.86 × 109 Hz/mW2/GHz, and a coincidence-to-accidental ratio (CAR) of 51,829 ± 2204. The source enables predictable single photons with g(2)(0) = 0.015 ± 0.006 and energy-time entanglement with 99.5% raw visibility. Operating at room temperature, telecom wavelengths, and compatible with network channels, this work represents a crucial step toward realistic scalable, integrated quantum photonic networks in the future.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148287883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Restoring Heisenberg scaling in time via autonomous quantum error correction 通过自主量子纠错恢复时间上的海森堡尺度

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2026-06-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-026-01268-1

Hyukgun Kwon, Uwe R. Fischer, Seung-Woo Lee, Liang Jiang

{"title":"Restoring Heisenberg scaling in time via autonomous quantum error correction","authors":"Hyukgun Kwon, Uwe R. Fischer, Seung-Woo Lee, Liang Jiang","doi":"10.1038/s41534-026-01268-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-026-01268-1","url":null,"abstract":"We establish a sufficient condition under which autonomous quantum error correction (AutoQEC) can effectively restore Heisenberg scaling (HS) in quantum metrology. Specifically, we show that if all Lindblad operators associated with the noise commute with the signal Hamiltonian and a particular constrained linear equation admits a solution, then an ancilla-free AutoQEC scheme with finite <italic>R</italic> (where <italic>R</italic> represents the ratio between the engineered dissipation rate for AutoQEC and the noise rate) can approximately preserve HS with a desired small additive error <italic>ϵ</italic> > 0 over any time interval 0 ≤ <italic>t</italic> ≤ <italic>T</italic>. We emphasize that the error scales as <italic>ϵ</italic> = <italic>O</italic>(<italic>κ</italic><italic>T</italic>/<italic>R</italic><sup><italic>c</italic></sup>) where <italic>c</italic> is a positive integer and <italic>κ</italic> is the noise rate, indicating that the required <italic>R</italic> decreases significantly with increasing <italic>c</italic> to achieve a desired error. Furthermore, we discuss that if the sufficient condition is not satisfied, logical errors may be induced that cannot be efficiently corrected by the canonical AutoQEC framework. Finally, we numerically verify our analytical results by employing concrete examples of phase estimation under dephasing noise.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148552130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental demonstration of a two-voter quantum anonymous voting prototype with continuous variables 具有连续变量的双投票人量子匿名投票原型的实验演示

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2026-06-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-026-01291-2

Piao Tan, Peng Huang, Qijun Zhang, Mingxuan Guo, Xiaojuan Liao, Hanwen Yin, Kuntuo Zhu, Tao Wang, Guihua Zeng

{"title":"Experimental demonstration of a two-voter quantum anonymous voting prototype with continuous variables","authors":"Piao Tan, Peng Huang, Qijun Zhang, Mingxuan Guo, Xiaojuan Liao, Hanwen Yin, Kuntuo Zhu, Tao Wang, Guihua Zeng","doi":"10.1038/s41534-026-01291-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-026-01291-2","url":null,"abstract":"Classical electronic voting is increasingly being adopted for Internet-based elections, requiring system designs that ensure fairness, legitimacy, verifiability, and voter anonymity-thereby preserving ballot confidentiality, uniqueness, and integrity. Quantum voting can provide information-theoretic security against repudiation and forgery in such systems. However, compared to classical voting protocols, current quantum voting protocols often suffer from limited efficiency, high cost, and implementation complexity. Here, we introduce a streamlined and efficient quantum voting architecture that simplifies the process by eliminating the privacy amplification step in the voting phase while incorporating authority-assisted anonymity, while maintaining full voter authentication, voting, and tallying capabilities. In an experimental demonstration of a quantum voting network, two voters achieved authentication rates of 336 and 406 times per second over 50 km of single-mode fiber, and signed voting files of 25.02 kbit and 56.29 kbit at a quantum signing rate of 966 times per second, resulting in total voting rates of 244 and 279 times per second, respectively. This work represents the first experimental implementation of a continuous-variable (CV)-based quantum anonymous voting prototype. The architecture is designed to be compatible with existing coherent optical communication networks and provides a practical quantum-enhanced building block toward future voting systems.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148287884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distributed quantum approximate optimization algorithm on a quantum-centric supercomputing architecture 以量子为中心的超级计算架构上的分布式量子近似优化算法

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2026-06-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-026-01283-2

Seongmin Kim, Vincent R. Pascuzzi, Zhihao Xu, Tengfei Luo, Eungkyu Lee, In-Saeng Suh

{"title":"Distributed quantum approximate optimization algorithm on a quantum-centric supercomputing architecture","authors":"Seongmin Kim, Vincent R. Pascuzzi, Zhihao Xu, Tengfei Luo, Eungkyu Lee, In-Saeng Suh","doi":"10.1038/s41534-026-01283-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-026-01283-2","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has shown promise in solving combinatorial optimization problems by providing quantum speedup on near-term gate-based quantum computing systems. However, QAOA faces challenges for high-dimensional problems due to the large number of qubits required and the complexity of deep circuits, limiting its scalability for real-world applications. In this study, we present a distributed QAOA (DQAOA), which leverages distributed computing strategies to decompose a large computational workload into smaller tasks that require fewer qubits and shallower circuits than are necessary to solve the original problem. These sub-problems are processed using a combination of high-performance and quantum computing resources. The global solution is iteratively updated by aggregating sub-solutions, allowing convergence toward the optimal solution. We demonstrate that DQAOA can handle considerably large-scale optimization problems (e.g., 1000-bit problem), achieving a high solution quality and short time-to-solution, outperforming existing strategies. Furthermore, we realize DQAOA on a quantum-centric supercomputing architecture, paving the way for practical applications of gate-based quantum computers in real-world optimization tasks. To extend DQAOA’s applicability to materials science, we further develop an active learning algorithm integrated with our DQAOA (AL-DQAOA), which involves machine learning, DQAOA, and active data production in an iterative loop. We successfully optimize photonic structures using AL-DQAOA, indicating that solving real-world optimization problems using gate-based quantum computing is feasible. We expect the proposed DQAOA to be applicable to a wide range of optimization problems and AL-DQAOA to find broader applications in material design.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148287600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Constant runtime error mitigation via restricted evolution 通过受限制的进化来持续减少运行时错误

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2026-06-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-026-01284-1

Gaurav Saxena, Thi Ha Kyaw

{"title":"Constant runtime error mitigation via restricted evolution","authors":"Gaurav Saxena, Thi Ha Kyaw","doi":"10.1038/s41534-026-01284-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-026-01284-1","url":null,"abstract":"Error mitigation techniques, while instrumental in extending the capabilities of near-term quantum computers, often suffer from exponential resource scaling with noise levels. To address this limitation, we introduce a novel approach, namely, constant runtime error mitigation by restricted evolution (EMRE). Through numerical simulations, we demonstrate that EMRE surpasses the performance of Probabilistic Error Cancellation (PEC) while maintaining constant sampling overhead. The constant sampling overhead comes at the cost of a small non-zero bias. We provide a methodology to compute the optimal bias by connecting it to a resource-theoretic measure. We also evaluate bounds on the bias under different noise models and give exact results for the case of depolarizing and dephasing noise. Using these exact results, we derive an even more efficient strategy to implement EMRE. Additionally, we introduce Hybrid EMREs (HEMREs), a continuous family of error mitigation protocols that encompass PEC and EMRE as special cases. HEMREs offer a tunable bias parameter, enabling a trade-off between sample complexity and error reduction. The numerical evidence suggests the scalability and practicality of our proposal. Hence, our error mitigation protocols provide flexibility in balancing error mitigation with computational overhead, catering to practical application requirements of near-term and early-fault tolerant quantum devices.","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148287598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0