Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association最新文献

{"title":"Infection Control Practices Followed by Postgraduate Residents of Public and Private Dental Institutions of Karachi During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Aushna Khushbakht Rana, S. Adnan, S. Abidi","doi":"10.25301/jpda.314.182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25301/jpda.314.182","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To gain an insight into cross infection protocols being followed by dental postgraduate residents in the prevention of the spread of coronavirus. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted using questionnaires, which were distributed among dental postgraduate residents working in different public and private institutes in Karachi, through social media. Data was analysed using SPSS, version 21.0 with p-value <0.05 to determine significant differences between both sectors. RESULTS: Ninety seven residents from both institutes responded. 60 (93.75%) and 29 (87.87%) residents from the public and private institutes respectively, reported to having the patient's temperature checked with an infrared thermometer. However, a lower compliance was noted in regard to the use of hand sanitization with a hydro alcoholic solution by both institutes with 28 (43.75%) from public and 24 (72.72%) from private institutes. 11 (17.18%) residents from public institutes responding with disposal of PPE after every patient, whereas 1 (3.03%) resident from a private institute responded with disposal after every patient. However, due to a smaller sample size, the differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The pandemic has exposed numerous shortcomings in the dental healthcare system, regardless of the sector. Since COVID-19 is likely to become an endemic, compliance with cross infection protocols needs to be improved so as to prevent its rapid spread. In a third world country like Pakistan, where resources are already scarce, greater emphasis needs to be placed on funding the dental healthcare system to enhance basic cross infection controls.","PeriodicalId":191918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122908870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restoration of Missing Central Incisor with Cantilevered Zirconia Resin Bonded Fixed Dental Prosthesis","authors":"Sara Qureshi, Muhammad Waseem ullah Khan, Momina Akram, Zarish Anjum, Hafiz Muhammad Aamir Riaz","doi":"10.25301/jpda.314.194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25301/jpda.314.194","url":null,"abstract":"Missing teeth in the anterior region can be a source of great aesthetic concern for the patient and its restoration presents an even greater challenge to the dentist. Invasive prosthodontic treatment modalities have many biological and biomechanical shortcomings. This clinical report presents a minimally invasive treatment option for a 17-year-old boy who wanted a replacement for his missing upper left central incisor, primarily due to aesthetic concerns. Missing tooth was restored with cantilevered zirconia resin bonded fixed dental prosthesis that has a durable functional and aesthetic outcome","PeriodicalId":191918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117283067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Alkaline Phosphatase in Crevicular Fluid of Adolescent Undergoing Rapid Maxillary Expansion","authors":"A. Qureshi, Asmi Shaheen, Hafiza Asma Javed Javed, S. Qadir, S. Hussain, Nauman Sadiq","doi":"10.25301/jpda.314.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25301/jpda.314.161","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to observe the changes in enzyme behavior during Orthodontic tooth movement and Rapid Maxillary expansion to predict the exact timing for commencement of treatment in young children. METHODOLOGY: We selected fifteen patients having age between 9-15 years. Periodontal protocols (Samples from buccal and palatal side) were observed and sample collection before initiation of treatment, during and after activation was done from patients requiring RME. The GCF and ALP activity was checked at the experimental location. RESULTS: The initial enzyme activity in GCF and ALP was calculated between the buccal and Control sites during maxillary expansion. It was observed that during activation of the appliance and then after 3 months of retention period a significantly elevated enzyme levels were still noted at the experimental sites. CONCLUSION: An Increase in osteoblastic activity during adolescence period can predict commencement of early or delayed intervention for most favorable treatment results.","PeriodicalId":191918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129302519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benign Spindel Cell Neoplasam: A Central Myofibroma of Maxilla in Male Child of Seven Years of Age: A Case Report","authors":"Hira Nisar, A. Zalan, Mehreen Ismail, Sabeen Masood, Ahsan Inayat","doi":"10.25301/jpda.313.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25301/jpda.313.157","url":null,"abstract":"Myofibroma is a rare benign spindle cell neoplasm which occurs predominantly in infants and young children. It can occur as a solitary mass or as a multicentric lesion, consisting of myofibroblasts. In oral cavity, the sites most commonly involved are the mandible, tongue, lips and buccal mucosa however, it rarely involves the maxilla. It has aggressive clinical presentation mimicking malignancies. We report a case of a male child seven years of age presented with intraoral swelling on the left palatal aspect of the maxilla that extended from deciduous upper left second molar to the distal of upper permanent left first molar causing the mobility of these teeth. Radiologically, the lesion was osteolytic causing marked resorption of alveolar bone and displacement of permanent maxillary left second molar. A differential diagnosis of peripheral giant cell granuloma, central giant cell granuloma, fibroma, aggressive fibromatosis, nodular fasciitis, peripheral ossifying fibroma and spindle cell neoplasm was made. After the excluding malignant and vascular involvement, the surgical excision of the lesion was planned and was carried out under general anesthesia. Histologically, benign proliferation of spindle cells was seen giving the diagnosis of benign spindle cell neoplasm. Reports also showed positive immunoreactivity with vimentin and αSMA while non-responsive to desmin, validates the diagnosis of myofibroma. KEYWORDS: spindle cell neoplasm; myofibroma; maxilla","PeriodicalId":191918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129033499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventions for the treatment of Radiotherapy Induced Trismus: A Systematic Review of the Literature","authors":"M. A. Aslam, Obaid Bajwa, Anum Ahmed Raja, N. Khan","doi":"10.25301/jpda.313.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25301/jpda.313.147","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To systematically assess the outcome of interventions used to treat patients who have trismus as a result of radiotherapy to the head and neck region in the treatment of Head and Neck Cancer (HNC). METHODOLOGY: Searches were carried out on online databases (Medline, Embase and The Cochrane Central Library) on the 19th of June 2019 and then again using the same search terms on the 6th of June 2021. Randomized and Nonrandomized trials aimed at treating trismus as a side effect of head and neck radiotherapy (RT) were included for this systematic review. A total of 5 papers were reviewed for the purpose of this systematic review. RESULTS: Results show that there is limited evidence to support the use of any treatment modality other than structured jaw exercises to help treat trismus in patients with a history of HNC and RT induced fibrosis. There is no evidence to support the use of Botulinum toxin A, while further studies are needed to clarify the effectiveness of Pentoxifylline (with or without conjunction with Vitamin E) and Pregabalin in the treatment of postradiotherapy fibrosis. CONCLUSION: There is a need for more randomized control trials to identify treatment modalities for radiotherapy induced trismus. Rehabilitation exercises have been implemented across all papers involved in this study which indicates the need for analysis and identification of a pharmaceutical intervention. KEYWORDS: Head and neck cancer, trismus, lockjaw, radiotherapy, randomized controlled trial, placebo","PeriodicalId":191918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131452943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Dental Surgeons about Dental Waste Management in Dental Clinics of Karachi","authors":"Zahid Ali, Nazish Ashfaq Khan, Saqib Zafar, Muhammad Saeed Mughal, Syeda Hala Raza, M. Kashif","doi":"10.25301/jpda.313.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25301/jpda.313.153","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the contemporary situation of dental waste management in private dental practices in Karachi. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was done in 5 districts of Karachi (East, West, South, Centre, Malir) from 26th January to 26th April 2021. Total 100 private dental practitioners were recruited using non-probability consecutive sampling. A pretested, 20 items questionnaire was used for recording data of the research participants, and their knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of managing dental waste. Inclusion criteria was both male and female dentists, above 25 years of age, who run dental clinics in 5 districts of Karachi. Dental students were excluded. Data were analysed using SPSS version 17. 00 RESULTS: Total 79% of the participants were males and 21% were females. Approximately 68% belonged to the age group of 25-35 years. Total 51% had an experience of 10-20 years and32% were using colour coded bins while 35% were following segregation methods for waste disposal. Only 16% had attended professional training programs for waste management. CONCLUSION: Waste management in dental clinics in Karachi is inadequate and improper. The government should enact monitoring of all dental practices, enforcing the recommended regulations. KEYWORDS: Dental waste management, Knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP), private dental practitioners","PeriodicalId":191918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association","volume":"2010 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114794367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Education, Demographic Variables and Duration of Denture Use on Patients’ Satisfaction with Complete Dentures","authors":"Mahvish Jabeen","doi":"10.25301/jpda.313.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25301/jpda.313.136","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine the influence of education, demographic variables and duration of denture use on satisfaction level among complete denture wearer. METHODOLOGY: A sample of 230 patients, fulfilling the inclusion criteria, were participated in this study. The level of education, demographic details, duration of denture use and patients' satisfaction with complete denture therapy in term of comfort, esthetics, phonetics, chewing, retention and ease of cleaning were recorded by using a questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed by Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0. Post-stratification Chi-square test was applied by taking p-value <0.05 as significant. RESULTS: The mean age of the respondents was 60.37±9.055 years, 165(71.74%) were females. Out of 230 respondents, literacy level of 78(33.91%) was matric & above. The average duration of use of denture was 7.09+3.295 months. On the basis of overall satisfaction scores 151(65.5%) patients were satisfied with the denture. There was statistically significant difference in age and patients' satisfaction level with dentures (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that approximately 65% of the patients are satisfied with complete denture therapy. The demographic variables (except age) and duration of use of denture have no influence on patients' satisfaction level with dentures. KEYWORDS: Edentulism, Complete Denture, Satisfaction","PeriodicalId":191918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128078321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study on Anxiety Towards COVID-19 Among Dental Postgraduate Trainees of Different Specialties in Karachi, Pakistan","authors":"Nayab Raza, S. Abidi, S. Adnan, Maham Muneeb Lone, Isma Sajjad, J. Ahmed","doi":"10.25301/jpda.313.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25301/jpda.313.125","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Dental health care workers around the globe are potentially vulnerable of contracting COVID-19 disease. Many studies have investigated the presence of anxiety and mental health issues amongst the healthcare worker, especially the dental professional, during COVID-19. This study aimed to compare the anxiety of dental postgraduate trainees of different specialties towards COVID-19. METHODOLOGY: An online questionnaire comprising 11 items was forwarded to dental postgraduate (PGs) trainees in Karachi for specialties of Endodontics/Operative Dentistry, Oral Surgery, Prosthodontics and Orthodontics. Responses to 9 questions were recorded on a 3-point Likert scale, where ‘Agree’ indicated anxiety and ‘Disagree’ showed no anxiety. Questions also inquired PGs opinion about the specialty and dental procedures which they perceived to have the greatest risk of infection. RESULTS: Almost 62% of responses by the participants affirmed their anxiety as demonstrated by their reply to various questions based on Likert scale. Gender (p =0.012) and marital status (p= 0.036) revealed significant difference with respect to anxiety related to closure of dental OPD in face of second wave of COVID-19 and treatment cost if infected, respectively.Treatments like ultrasonic scaling (84%) and endodontics (79%) while training in specialty of Endodontics/Operative Dentistry (88%) and Oral Surgery (69%) were considered having greatest risk to contract COVID-19. CONCLUSION: Anxiety was expressed among trainees of all dental specialties, with training in specialties of Endodontics and Oral Surgery considered at the highest risk of contracting COVID-19, with ultrasonic scaling and endodontics regarded as most risky procedures. KEYWORDS: Anxiety, COVID-19, Endodontics/Operative Dentistry, Oral Surgery, Orthodontics, Prosthodontics.","PeriodicalId":191918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association","volume":"60 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129582388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Working in Collaborative Practice: Conflict Management Styles in Dental Professionals","authors":"L. S. Abbasi, Taliya Sajjad, Khaulah Jawed, Aqsa Akhtar","doi":"10.25301/jpda.313.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25301/jpda.313.131","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Conflicts are inevitable in all human interactions. Clinicians at workplaces experience both personal and professional conflicts. Dental clinicians engage in multidisciplinary teamwork during their practice, which exposes them to a variety of conflicting situations. The study aimed to explore the trend of different conflict management styles practiced by dentists while working in collaborative practices. METHODOLOGY: The study was cross sectional descriptive survey in which 146 dental clinicians from multiple institutions participated with voluntary and informed consent. Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-II (ROCI-II) tool was used to collect data against the use of conflict management styles namely, Collaborating, Accommodating, Competing, Avoiding and Compromising. The obtained data were analyzed through SPSS 25.0. The data were categorized according to the 5 styles of conflict management and association with the variables of gender, position in organization, and type of organization was seen for each conflict management style. RESULTS: The study revealed that 54.8% of participants had collaborating style followed by avoiding style (18.5%) whereas, competing style was least predominant (3.4%). Both genders had collaborating style as most predominant style. No strong difference was seen in the frequency of conflict management styles between the dentists belonging to private and public institutions. Every cadre of clinicians was more inclined towards \"collaborating\" and \"avoiding\" conflict management style. Besides these two styles, house officers and demonstrators were more \"accommodating\" while residents and assistant professors were more \"compromising\". CONCLUSION: Dental clinicians in the present study mostly used collaborative style for conflict management in their practices.The awareness of conflict management styles is important so that the use of positive conflict management styles could be maximized. The use of effective conflict management styles should be taught to young dentists in order to equip them with necessary tools for everyday collaborations at clinical workplaces. KEYWORDS: Conflict, Conflict management, dentists, workplace","PeriodicalId":191918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116466141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral and Systemic Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus; Exploring the Association","authors":"Hafiz Muhammad Shahzad Khurshid, Taffazul H Mahmud, Saima Chaudhry","doi":"10.25301/jpda.313.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25301/jpda.313.120","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease with variety of clinical and oral mucosal presentations. Our study aimed to record all those oral pathological changes which occur in patients of SLE and observe the associations between the clinical signs and oral disease status. METHODOLOGY: Present study was conducted in Rheumatology Department of Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore, Pakistan. Consecutive sampling was done, and 130 diagnosed patients with SLE of both genders and all ages were recruited in the study after getting written informed consent. Patients with any comorbid conditions were excluded from the study. Detailed clinical and oral examinations were performed, and relevant disease findings were recorded. Associations between oral and clinical manifestations were computed through chi-squared test of significance keeping the confidence level at 95%. RESULTS: Out of 130 patients, 115 were females and 15 were males. Mean age of patients reported with SLE was 31.65 ± 9.5 years. Arthritis was the most common clinical finding followed by photosensitivity. Among the oral pathologies, oral ulcers, xerostomia, gingivitis, glossitis, mucositis, gingival bleeding, and hyperplasia were observed. Nephritis was associated with most oral manifestations, followed by psychosis, hair loss and skin rash. CONCLUSIONS: SLE has a strong component of oral mucosal pathologies. The most common skin findings were rash, followed by photosensitivity and arthritis. Commonest oral manifestation was oral ulceration present and past. Significant associations were found between certain oral and systemic manifestations. KEYWORDS: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic, Oral, Ulcer","PeriodicalId":191918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122919248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}