New Zealand Plant Protection最新文献_第9页

Trapping for early detection of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, in New Zealand 在新西兰，诱捕棕纹臭虫，以便及早发现

New Zealand Plant Protection Pub Date : 2019-07-26 DOI: 10.30843/NZPP.2019.72.316

Timothy F Vandervoet, D. Bellamy, Diane Anderson, R. MacLellan

{"title":"Trapping for early detection of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, in New Zealand","authors":"Timothy F Vandervoet, D. Bellamy, Diane Anderson, R. MacLellan","doi":"10.30843/NZPP.2019.72.316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30843/NZPP.2019.72.316","url":null,"abstract":"The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB) would have wide-ranging and likely devastating effects on New Zealand’s horticultural industries if it were to establish here. This insect has spread rapidly around the world, becoming pestiferous only a few years after detection; therefore, there will be limited time to develop management strategies to prevent damage if viable BMSB populations were to establish in New Zealand. Lures containing BMSB pheromone paired with 92 sticky panels were deployed near transitional facilities and other potentially high-risk entry points in the Auckland, Hawke’s Bay and Nelson regions. Traps were monitored fortnightly from November 2018 to April 2019 and all pentatomid species identified and enumerated. No BMSB were captured, but seven other pentatomid species were caught. Numbers and species varied among site, region and date. The phenology of the pentatomids captured supports reports of one to two generations occurring in pipfruitproduction regions depending on growing-degree days. The phenologies of the pentatomid species caught suggest that any control measures for prevention of fruit damage by BMSB would be limited to late summer. A number of recommendations for a BMSB monitoring programme are provided.","PeriodicalId":19180,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Plant Protection","volume":"176 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76462337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Successive passaging through an apple host of six low-virulent Neonectria ditissima isolates increased virulence in one of them 连续传代6株低毒力的新树突菌(Neonectria ditissima)在苹果宿主中，增加了其中一株的毒力

New Zealand Plant Protection Pub Date : 2019-07-26 DOI: 10.30843/NZPP.2019.72.300

R. Scheper, B. M. Fisher, J. K. Bowen, N. T. Amponsah, D. Hedderley

{"title":"Successive passaging through an apple host of six low-virulent Neonectria ditissima isolates increased virulence in one of them","authors":"R. Scheper, B. M. Fisher, J. K. Bowen, N. T. Amponsah, D. Hedderley","doi":"10.30843/NZPP.2019.72.300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30843/NZPP.2019.72.300","url":null,"abstract":"Neonectria ditissima is a serious pathogen of apple. Low-virulent cultures of this fungus have been isolated from cankers, but how and why low-virulent isolates can infect apple is unknown. Rasp wounds on ‘Royal Gala’ trees were inoculated with agar plugs from six low-virulent N. ditissima isolates in a glasshouse. Neonectria ditissima was re-isolated 10 weeks after inoculation. Agar plugs from the re-isolated cultures were used to inoculate ‘Royal Gala’ trees again. After the second re-isolation, conidial suspensions of the original cultures and the 2 x 6 re-isolates were used to determine the virulence on ‘Royal Gala’ compared with field-collected conidia. Three cultures did not cause any lesions; neither did their re-isolates. The re-isolates of two cultures did not differ in virulence compared with the originals. However, the virulence of one isolate increased with each re-isolation, with the second re-isolation causing significantly more lesions, lesion development occurring faster and the lesions being larger than those caused by the original isolate. Therefore, the virulence of N. ditissima isolates can change over time, with loss or gain possibly being attributed to epigenetic and/or genetic changes in the genome.","PeriodicalId":19180,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Plant Protection","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78246713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The current outbreak of stemphylium leaf blight of onion in New Zealand – identification of cause and review of possible risk factors associated with the disease 目前在新西兰爆发的洋葱茎叶枯病——病因的鉴定和与该疾病相关的可能危险因素的审查

New Zealand Plant Protection Pub Date : 2019-07-22 DOI: 10.30843/NZPP.2019.72.254

P. Wright, B. Searle, J. Tyson, K. Mellow

引用次数: 5

Factors affecting germination of great bindweed (Calystegia silvatica) seeds 影响大花花种子萌发的因素

New Zealand Plant Protection Pub Date : 2019-07-22 DOI: 10.30843/NZPP.2019.72.243

K. Harrington, T. Gawn, C. Matthew, H. Ghanizadeh

引用次数: 0

Preferences of the wheat bug (Nysius huttoni) for particular growth stages of the potential trap crop, alyssum (Lobularia maritima) 小麦臭虫(Nysius huttoni)对潜在的诱捕作物雪莲(Lobularia maritima)特定生长阶段的偏好

New Zealand Plant Protection Pub Date : 2019-07-22 DOI: 10.30843/NZPP.2019.72.269

S. Tiwari, D. Saville, S. Wratten

{"title":"Preferences of the wheat bug (Nysius huttoni) for particular growth stages of the potential trap crop, alyssum (Lobularia maritima)","authors":"S. Tiwari, D. Saville, S. Wratten","doi":"10.30843/NZPP.2019.72.269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30843/NZPP.2019.72.269","url":null,"abstract":"The New Zealand endemic wheat bug, Nysius huttoni (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae), is a pest of brassica seedlings. However, it has a wide host range comprising almost all cultivated brassicas, cereals and many other cultivated crops, as well as weeds. The brassica alyssum (Lobularia maritima) is a potential trap crop of N. huttoni, having the potential to keep the bugs away from seedlings. Laboratory no-choice and choice tests evaluated the relative preference of N. huttoni for two major growth stages of alyssum – vegetative and flowering. In both bioassays, N. huttoni adults settled significantly more promptly on the flowering than on the vegetative stage. The same preference was evident for adult numbers settling. Survival was higher on the flowering (38%) than on the vegetative stage (28%), although this was not significant. The implications of these findings are important in the design of trap cropping protocols for N. huttoni management. Flowering alyssum in brassica fields can also potentially improve pest biological control and provide other ecosystem services that can contribute to mitigating diminished ecosystem functions in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":19180,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Plant Protection","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77649480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Roadside mowing spreads yellow bristle grass (Setaria pumila) seeds further than by natural dispersal 路边割草传播黄毛草(Setaria pumila)种子比自然传播更远

New Zealand Plant Protection Pub Date : 2019-07-22 DOI: 10.30843/NZPP.2019.72.246

T. James, Michael R. Trolove, C. A. Dowsett

引用次数: 4

Local adaptation in a New Zealand invader, Mimulus guttatus 一种新西兰入侵者的本地适应性

New Zealand Plant Protection Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.30843/NZPP.2018.71.217

M. Williamson, P. Hulme, David A. Condor, H. Chapman

{"title":"Local adaptation in a New Zealand invader, Mimulus guttatus","authors":"M. Williamson, P. Hulme, David A. Condor, H. Chapman","doi":"10.30843/NZPP.2018.71.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30843/NZPP.2018.71.217","url":null,"abstract":"The New Zealand flora comprises proportionately more alien species than anywhere else on Earth. Many of these species are ‘sleeper’ species, currently not invasive but with the potential to become so. Understanding what traits lead to sleepers becoming invasive is a key question in invasion biology. One hypothesis is local adaptation — that is, selection pressures in an alien habitat select for certain genetic traits favouring species spread. In New Zealand, the semi-aquatic herb Mimulus gutattus, ‘monkey flower’, is already showing signs of becoming invasive and is widespread across the South Island, blocking waterways and ditches. A common garden experiment was used to test for local adaptation in 37 populations of monkey flower from 8 regions across the North and South Islands of New Zealand. Possible adaptations in plant physiology (including, fresh vs dry weight, flower size, and photosynthetic rate) were examined. Observable differences include significant differences in biomass and leaf morphology. Results to date indicate significant genetic differences among New Zealand monkey flower populations. This is indicative of invasive potential.","PeriodicalId":19180,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Plant Protection","volume":"11 1","pages":"349-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81996705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing apple leafcurling midge rearing techniques 苹果卷叶蠓饲养技术的发展

New Zealand Plant Protection Pub Date : 2018-07-30 DOI: 10.30843/NZPP.2018.71.201

A. Hawthorne, D. E. Hartnett

{"title":"Developing apple leafcurling midge rearing techniques","authors":"A. Hawthorne, D. E. Hartnett","doi":"10.30843/NZPP.2018.71.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30843/NZPP.2018.71.201","url":null,"abstract":"Apple leafcurling midge (Dasineura mali; ALCM) is considered a quarantine pest in some of New Zealand’s valuable export markets. Research into alternatives to methyl bromide as a fumigant requires a mass rearing programme to provide large numbers of all life stages. Our aim was to focus on developing an understanding of the environmental conditions that break ALCM diapause and facilitate ALCM oviposition. A trial was conducted comparing ALCM oviposition rates on apple seedlings in a controlled temperature room versus a shade house in ambient conditions over the summer months. Additionally, long day length and high humidity conditions were tested to break the diapause of ALCM cocooning larvae. Oviposition rates on young apple seedlings were similar in the controlled environment room and the shade house; however, apple seedlings grew better in the shade house due to lower incidence of powdery mildew. Adults emerged from ALCM cocoons that had been in diapause for five months and then held at 20.9Â°C for seven days. Conditions to break ALCM diapause have been determined. Seedlings at the six- to eight-leaf stage have the potential to provide an oviposition substrate. Further investigations are required into artificial oviposition substrates and the development of a larval diet to mass rear ALCM larvae.","PeriodicalId":19180,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Plant Protection","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89624771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biosecurity partnership and collaboration: key similarities and differences between the Australia and New Zealand plant-biosecurity government-industry agreements 生物安全伙伴关系和合作:澳大利亚和新西兰植物-生物安全政府-工业协议之间的主要异同

New Zealand Plant Protection Pub Date : 2018-07-30 DOI: 10.30843/NZPP.2018.71.212

M. Bullians, D. Teulon, R. Laws, S. Perry, Gary Hill

{"title":"Biosecurity partnership and collaboration: key similarities and differences between the Australia and New Zealand plant-biosecurity government-industry agreements","authors":"M. Bullians, D. Teulon, R. Laws, S. Perry, Gary Hill","doi":"10.30843/NZPP.2018.71.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30843/NZPP.2018.71.212","url":null,"abstract":"New Zealand and Australia have each established legal partnerships between government and industry to improve biosecurity outcomes. Both partnerships take a collaborative approach to build capability and capacity to manage biosecurity risk across the biosecurity system. Key differences between the New Zealand and Australian systems include: the scope of responsibilities and accountability for management of biosecurity pests; governance arrangements; and cost sharing. Key similarities include: a shared role in response decision making; shared costs for pest eradication; advanced agreement on the potential liabilities surrounding pest eradication; provision for compensation to growers for direct costs incurred during an eradication response; minimum commitments to maintain capability and capacity; and an established basis for a transparent, consistent and equitable partnership. The approach taken by both countries encompasses the view that biosecurity outcomes will be improved by building genuine industry—government partnerships. In New Zealand, successes include development of operational agreements, strategies for fruit fly and brown marmorated stink bug, and completion of readiness activities for future incursions of these pests.","PeriodicalId":19180,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Plant Protection","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90052530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Location of overseas botanic gardens with New Zealand Myrtaceae in relation to myrtle rust occurence 新西兰桃金娘科海外植物园地点与桃金娘锈病发生的关系

New Zealand Plant Protection Pub Date : 2018-07-30 DOI: 10.30843/NZPP.2018.71.215

M. V. Marroni, K. Boyd-Wilson, R. Campbell, M. McNeill, D. Teulon

{"title":"Location of overseas botanic gardens with New Zealand Myrtaceae in relation to myrtle rust occurence","authors":"M. V. Marroni, K. Boyd-Wilson, R. Campbell, M. McNeill, D. Teulon","doi":"10.30843/NZPP.2018.71.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30843/NZPP.2018.71.215","url":null,"abstract":"New Zealand’s productive systems and natural ecosystems depend on a robust biosecurity framework to exclude invasive pests, diseases and weeds. Risk assessment is an important component of this biosecurity framework identifying potential threats posed by invasive organisms to specific plants and plant systems before they arrive in New Zealand. A major challenge in risk assessment is determining the potential impact of a pest or disease when it is not present in New Zealand. The International Plant Sentinel Network (IPSN), a network of botanic gardens and arboreta, aims to provide early warning of new and emerging tree and plant pests and diseases. The utility of the IPSN in providing information on the potential impact of myrtle rust for New Zealand’s indigenous Myrtaceae. Botanic gardens were identified around the world with New Zealand Myrtaceae and where myrtle rust is present. This is a first step in an ex-post study on the use of sentinel or expatriate plants as a biosecurity risk-assessment tool. The approach could be extended to other plant pathogens or pests to explore their impact on New Zealand indigenous or cultivated plant species overseas.","PeriodicalId":19180,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Plant Protection","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82760967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3