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The sound of disinformation: TikTok, computational propaganda, and the invasion of Ukraine 虚假信息的声音：TikTok、计算宣传和入侵乌克兰
IF 5 1区 文学
New Media & Society Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241251804
Marcus Bösch, Tom Divon
{"title":"The sound of disinformation: TikTok, computational propaganda, and the invasion of Ukraine","authors":"Marcus Bösch, Tom Divon","doi":"10.1177/14614448241251804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448241251804","url":null,"abstract":"TikTok has emerged as a powerful platform for the dissemination of mis- and disinformation about the war in Ukraine. During the initial three months after the Russian invasion in February 2022, videos under the hashtag #Ukraine garnered 36.9 billion views, with individual videos scaling up to 88 million views. Beyond the traditional methods of spreading misleading information through images and text, the medium of sound has emerged as a novel, platform-specific audiovisual technique. Our analysis distinguishes various war-related sounds utilized by both Ukraine and Russia and classifies them into a mis- and disinformation typology. We use computational propaganda features—automation, scalability, and anonymity—to explore how TikTok’s auditory practices are exploited to exacerbate information disorders in the context of ongoing war events. These practices include reusing sounds for coordinated campaigns, creating audio meme templates for rapid amplification and distribution, and deleting the original sounds to conceal the orchestrators’ identities. We conclude that TikTok’s recommendation system (the “for you” page) acts as a sound space where exposure is strategically navigated through users’ intervention, enabling semi-automated “soft” propaganda to thrive by leveraging its audio features.","PeriodicalId":19149,"journal":{"name":"New Media & Society","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Track every move”: Analyzing developers’ privacy discourse in GitHub README files "跟踪一举一动分析开发者在 GitHub README 文件中的隐私论述
IF 5 1区 文学
New Media & Society Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241270541
Keren Levi-Eshkol, Rivka Ribak
{"title":"“Track every move”: Analyzing developers’ privacy discourse in GitHub README files","authors":"Keren Levi-Eshkol, Rivka Ribak","doi":"10.1177/14614448241270541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448241270541","url":null,"abstract":"We adopt a socio-material perspective to examine how developers translate privacy, as a social value, into user applications. Our comprehensive survey of the research on developers’ privacy highlights their key position as privacy mediators and their forums as productive settings for unobtrusive studies of their discourse. The open-source code-sharing platform GitHub contains both discourse and code; by focusing on GitHub, we analyzed nearly 60,000 README files created between 2008 and 2020 that include the term “privacy,” studying quantitatively and qualitatively how discourse is translated into code. Using VOSviewer.com, we identified two main word clusters: “security” and “privacy policy.” Voyant-tools.org confirmed these findings, suggesting that some references elaborate on practices that safeguard privacy, while others discuss policy as a means of complying with both public and, ironically, commercial regulations. A closer reading of the files reveals that even privacy enthusiasts may inadvertently promote code that poses threats to privacy.","PeriodicalId":19149,"journal":{"name":"New Media & Society","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142089969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Active and passive social media use: Relationships with body image in physically active men 社交媒体的主动和被动使用：体育锻炼男性的身体形象与社交媒体的关系
IF 5 1区 文学
New Media & Society Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241272201
Chris Bell, Adam J Cocks, Laura Hills, Charlotte Kerner
{"title":"Active and passive social media use: Relationships with body image in physically active men","authors":"Chris Bell, Adam J Cocks, Laura Hills, Charlotte Kerner","doi":"10.1177/14614448241272201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448241272201","url":null,"abstract":"Little is known about how different types of engagement with social media (active vs passive) relate to body image in men. This study explored relationships between social media use (active and passive), body image, and drive for muscularity in physically active men. A questionnaire containing measures of body image (appearance valence, appearance salience), drive for muscularity, and social media use was completed by 224 men aged 18–50 years. Results showed a negative relationship between active social media use and appearance valence. Active and passive social media use were positively associated with drive for muscularity and appearance salience. Passive social media use was predictive of higher appearance salience and drive for muscularity in linear regression models. These findings suggest social media may be linked to body image and muscularity concerns in men.","PeriodicalId":19149,"journal":{"name":"New Media & Society","volume":"380 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142090120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The mediatization of work? Gig workers and gig apps in Sweden 工作媒体化？瑞典的临时工和临时工应用程序
IF 5 1区 文学
New Media & Society Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241270470
Henrik Örnebring, Elizabeth Van Couvering, David Regin Öborn, Robert MacKenzie
{"title":"The mediatization of work? Gig workers and gig apps in Sweden","authors":"Henrik Örnebring, Elizabeth Van Couvering, David Regin Öborn, Robert MacKenzie","doi":"10.1177/14614448241270470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448241270470","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a study of how and to what extent gig workers in Sweden experience a mediatization of work. We contend that previous mediatization research has assumed extensive and unified effects of mediatization, and that previous gig work research has focused on users of large-scale, transnational platforms. We conducted a set of qualitative, semi-structured interviews (N = 28) with Swedish users of four different gig apps (all produced by very small companies active only in Sweden). We analyzed their experiences of mediatization along five dimensions: extension, substitution, amalgamation, accommodation, and datafication. We found that our respondents had much more varied, far less all-encompassing, experiences of mediatization than indicated in previous research. We also found respondents’ experiences clearly framed by the smaller size of the local, Swedish gig work companies.","PeriodicalId":19149,"journal":{"name":"New Media & Society","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142085295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Offline connections, online votes: The role of offline ties in an online public election 线下联系，线上投票：线下联系在网络公开选举中的作用
IF 5 1区 文学
New Media & Society Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241274456
Nicole Schwitter
{"title":"Offline connections, online votes: The role of offline ties in an online public election","authors":"Nicole Schwitter","doi":"10.1177/14614448241274456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448241274456","url":null,"abstract":"Building democratic communities and fostering inclusive participation is challenging, especially in participatory organisations where governance and sustained contributions are critical. This study explores the dynamics of election participation within the peer-production project Wikipedia, a prime example of an online collaboration model of democratic organisation where democratically elected administrators wield special rights. While previous research on online governance has predominantly focused on online interactions, this study shifts the spotlight to the influence of offline interactions occurring at various gatherings and meetings. Using fixed effects models and large-scale observational data spanning 20 years of offline and online actions, this study finds significant effects of offline meeting participation on users’ voting behaviour. It makes use of novel data sources to emphasise the significance of offline relationships in shaping online (democratic) processes and shows that traditional findings of political science and election research regarding social capital and social networks hold within an online context.","PeriodicalId":19149,"journal":{"name":"New Media & Society","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142084728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Facing blockchain’s double bind: Trustless technologies and “IRL friends” in Berlin’s NFT community 面对区块链的双重束缚：柏林 NFT 社区中的无信任技术和 "IRL 朋友
IF 5 1区 文学
New Media & Society Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241270412
Spencer Kaplan
{"title":"Facing blockchain’s double bind: Trustless technologies and “IRL friends” in Berlin’s NFT community","authors":"Spencer Kaplan","doi":"10.1177/14614448241270412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448241270412","url":null,"abstract":"How does a community remain committed to an imagined digital future despite that future’s inherent contradictions? This article analyzes such a challenge as it was faced by Berlin’s NFT (non-fungible token) enthusiasts. Dominant narratives about NFTs and other blockchain technologies envision a virtual and ostensibly trust-free future, but these enthusiasts’ pursuit of such “trustless technologies” resulted in a double bind. In this bind, they repudiated trust relations on the web without the means to fully obviate such relations, leaving blockchain’s trustless future in doubt. To resolve this bind, Berlin’s NFT enthusiasts expanded their interactions by assembling in-person. In Berlin’s offline spaces, they found trust relations they deemed permissible according to the dominant blockchain ideology. Rather than blur the boundary between the virtual and physical, this community maintained distinct interactional norms in each, enabling them to maintain their imagined blockchain future.","PeriodicalId":19149,"journal":{"name":"New Media & Society","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142042537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A moment of turbulence: Privacy considerations in the pivot to distance learning during COVID-19 in higher education in Estonia, France, and Israel 动荡时刻：爱沙尼亚、法国和以色列的高等教育在 COVID-19 期间转向远程学习时对隐私的考虑
IF 5 1区 文学
New Media & Society Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241270406
Dmitry Epstein, Nicholas John, Carsten Wilhelm, Andra Siibak, Christine Barats
{"title":"A moment of turbulence: Privacy considerations in the pivot to distance learning during COVID-19 in higher education in Estonia, France, and Israel","authors":"Dmitry Epstein, Nicholas John, Carsten Wilhelm, Andra Siibak, Christine Barats","doi":"10.1177/14614448241270406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448241270406","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid adoption of digital technologies during COVID-19 lockdowns offers a unique perspective on differences in privacy cultures. In this study, we compare how cultural predisposition and identities relate to privacy during the transition to remote learning in higher education in Estonia, France, and Israel. We conducted 83 in-depth interviews with academics, who talked about their adoption of communication technologies and strategies for managing their self-presentation and relations with others. Patterns of tech adoption were most reflective of distinct privacy predispositions, with those coming from privacy-sensitive cultures conveying an individual and institutional resistance to privacy-invasive technologies. However, strategies for self-management in response to new patterns of visibility were similar across countries. Our findings make three contributions to privacy research: they (1) show how different identities (professional, national) underpin privacy attitudes and behaviors; (2) demonstrate the multidimensionality of privacy; and (3) point to institutional decision-making as the critical point for privacy-protecting interventions.","PeriodicalId":19149,"journal":{"name":"New Media & Society","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142042538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Structures that tilt: Understanding “toxic” behaviors in online gaming 倾斜的结构了解网络游戏中的 "有毒 "行为
IF 5 1区 文学
New Media & Society Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241270446
Friedrich Donner
{"title":"Structures that tilt: Understanding “toxic” behaviors in online gaming","authors":"Friedrich Donner","doi":"10.1177/14614448241270446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448241270446","url":null,"abstract":"Destructive or “toxic” behaviors in online gaming have received increased attention in recent years. These are forms of verbal harassment or behavioral misconduct which disrupt another’s experience of the game. While previous explanations have explained toxic behaviors as intentional acts of deviant individuals or a larger online “trickster” culture, this article provides empirical support for a recent “tilt”-based explanation in the literature. Toxic behavior is seen as situated within and emergent from specific social contexts—as a spur-of-the-moment loss of control (associated with the term “tilt”), triggered by contextual factors within the game. Based on interview data on the popular multiplayer game League of Legends, it is shown how weak normative and relational structures within a gaming context can lead to negative emotions in players, prompting toxic behaviors. Avenues for future research and implications for improving online social spaces are discussed.","PeriodicalId":19149,"journal":{"name":"New Media & Society","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142007459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In and against the platform: Navigating precarity for Instagram and Xiaohongshu (Red) influencers 平台中与平台外：Instagram和小红书（红色）影响者的不稳定性导航
IF 5 1区 文学
New Media & Society Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241270434
Jiali Fan
{"title":"In and against the platform: Navigating precarity for Instagram and Xiaohongshu (Red) influencers","authors":"Jiali Fan","doi":"10.1177/14614448241270434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448241270434","url":null,"abstract":"Existing scholarly discussions of the influencer industry often take a critical stance, marked by a narrow, westernised and homogenised theme of precarity. This raises the need to explore the empirical dynamics of precarity—how it is understood, managed, and ultimately lived for influencers from different social and cultural contexts. Based on in-depth interviews with 15 Instagram influencers and 12 from Xiaohongshu (Red), this article reveals that influencers adopt a positionality I term “in and against the platform.” This approach involves both collaboration with and resistance to platform rules and rituals, ultimately enabling influencers to establish a sustainable way of living amid precarity. I argue that this “in and against” framework as a condition of labour not only highlights the active agency and creativity often overlooked in academic discussions but also complicates our understanding of precarity, opening up new possibilities for coexistence with this condition.","PeriodicalId":19149,"journal":{"name":"New Media & Society","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141991797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Is it time for me to be authentic?”: Understanding, performing, and evaluating authenticity on BeReal "是时候让我变得真实了吗？在 BeReal 上了解、执行和评估真实性
IF 5 1区 文学
New Media & Society Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241267731
Annika Pinch, Floor Fiers, Jeremy Birnholtz, Justine Fisher, Brigid Reilly
{"title":"“Is it time for me to be authentic?”: Understanding, performing, and evaluating authenticity on BeReal","authors":"Annika Pinch, Floor Fiers, Jeremy Birnholtz, Justine Fisher, Brigid Reilly","doi":"10.1177/14614448241267731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448241267731","url":null,"abstract":"On social media, people often value authenticity and realness, yet the ways in which platforms promote authenticity may conflict with people’s goals to present an idealized self. Launched in 2020, the social media app BeReal encourages authenticity by prompting users to post unfiltered front and back camera photos at a particular time, thereby limiting control over their online self-presentation. We interviewed 25 BeReal users, exploring how they understand, perform, and evaluate authenticity given these unique constraints. Our findings reveal that participants resist BeReal’s prompts and encouragements, employing strategies to regain control over their self-presentation. Yet participants simultaneously ascribe to BeReal’s notion of realness, believing posts should appear effortless, branding themselves and others as fake when they ignore BeReal’s prompts. Ultimately, we discuss authenticity as sociotechnical and reflect on the ways in which people’s values around authenticity shift over time.","PeriodicalId":19149,"journal":{"name":"New Media & Society","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141991802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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