{"title":"Exploring prodrug approaches for Alzheimer's treatment: an overview.","authors":"Priya Kumari, Dileep Kumar, Shakuntala Chopade, Dipanjan Karati","doi":"10.1080/17582024.2025.2514990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17582024.2025.2514990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the largest global health burden among age-related conditions; it involves inflammation, plaque buildup, and oxidative stress combined with tangles that lead to brain atrophy and a decline in cognitive function. Though intensive research efforts have been focused on identifying the etiology of AD, its causative factors, especially concerning therapeutic interventions that can make a significant impact in this regard, are relatively vague due to several impediments such as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Prodrugs and nanomedicine deliver new promising alternatives for drug administration over the BBB with better therapeutic results. This paper documents several prodrugs created for AD along with in vitro techniques for analyzing prodrug kinetics and recently developed nanotechnology-based delivery systems. The innovations discussed herein aim to enhance the bioavailability, stability, and activity of drugs toward offering better treatment opportunities as well as new research avenues against AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19114,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative disease management","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sameer Chaudhary, Sakshi Rawat, Sakshi Mathur, Asma Perveen, Abdul Hafeez, Anwar L Bilgrami, Ghulam Md Ashraf
{"title":"Next-generation neurotherapeutics: nanotechnology, immunotherapy, and gene editing for neurodegenerative diseases.","authors":"Sameer Chaudhary, Sakshi Rawat, Sakshi Mathur, Asma Perveen, Abdul Hafeez, Anwar L Bilgrami, Ghulam Md Ashraf","doi":"10.1080/17582024.2025.2520707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17582024.2025.2520707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), characterized by gradual decline of neuronal function and structure, present a major threat to global public health. Recent advances in neuropharmacology have opened promising avenues for novel therapeutic approaches. This review highlights promising neuropharmacological targets that may alleviate the debilitating effects of neurodegenerative disorders. This review examines established yet emerging molecular targets in neurodegeneration, including protein aggregation, synaptic dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) signaling. The review also explores ground-breaking therapeutic strategies that have transformed modern neuropharmacology. Recent advances in nanotechnology, gene therapy, immunotherapy, and <i>in silico</i> studies have revolutionized neurotherapeutics by enabling precise drug delivery, enhancing treatment efficacy, and facilitating personalized therapies. These innovations have also accelerated the discovery of novel compounds and improved prediction of therapeutic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19114,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative disease management","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katya Villarreal-Cavazos, James C Borders, James A Curtis, Jordanna S Sevitz, Nora Vanegas-Arroyave, Michelle S Troche
{"title":"Feasibility of expiratory muscle strength training in individuals with progressive supranuclear palsy.","authors":"Katya Villarreal-Cavazos, James C Borders, James A Curtis, Jordanna S Sevitz, Nora Vanegas-Arroyave, Michelle S Troche","doi":"10.1080/17582024.2025.2514994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17582024.2025.2514994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dysphagia is common among individuals with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP). Expiratory muscle strength training (EMST) is a treatment used to increase expiratory muscle force production for airway protection deficits. To our knowledge, no studies have tested EMST in this population. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of EMST in individuals with PSP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-nine participants completed baseline measures of maximum expiratory pressure and underwent a trial session of EMST. EMST was considered feasible if participants were able to complete at least 10 repetitions at 30% of their maximum expiratory pressure. Qualitative analyses were also completed to investigate types and frequency of clinician support.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-seven participants (93%) successfully met the criteria for feasibility of EMST. Qualitative analysis revealed 20 individuals required clinician support with most requiring more than one type of assistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EMST appears to be feasible for most people with PSP though additional clinician support is often required.</p>","PeriodicalId":19114,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative disease management","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tsung-Ying Lee, Lisa M Shulman, Ann L Gruber-Baldini, Julia F Slejko, Mathangi Gopalakrishnan, Eberechukwu Onukwugha
{"title":"Longitudinal patterns of loss of independence in Parkinson disease.","authors":"Tsung-Ying Lee, Lisa M Shulman, Ann L Gruber-Baldini, Julia F Slejko, Mathangi Gopalakrishnan, Eberechukwu Onukwugha","doi":"10.1080/17582024.2025.2514982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17582024.2025.2514982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To examine the longitudinal loss of independence (LOI) in Parkinson disease (PD) and introduce event visualization as a research tool.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Early-stage PD patients seen by a movement disorders specialist from 2003-2020 were included. LOI, defined as needing help with activities of daily living (ADLs), was assessed using the modified Older Americans Resources and Services Daily Function Questionnaire. EventFlow software visualized LOI patterns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort included 296 patients (mean age 60.8; 61% male; 94% Hoehn & Yahr stages 1-2). At baseline, 91% were independent. LOI occurred in 133 patients for ≥ 1 ADL, and in 95 patients for ≥ 3 ADLs. Housework was the most frequent first ADL needing help (58 of 133), with a mean onset of 4.6 years. Among those with LOI, 57 (43%) regained independence at least once.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LOI in PD shows both transient and persistent patterns. Event visualization may aid understanding of progression and support patient counseling.</p>","PeriodicalId":19114,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative disease management","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144226055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tulia Fernanda Meira Garcia, Janaína Aparecida Favero Desio, Everton Ferreira de Souza, Silvana Fátima Costa Henkes, Luana Stangherlin Santos, Julcileia de Carvalho Muenho, Cinara Ludvig Gonçalves, Júlio César Claudino Dos Santos
{"title":"The silent saboteur: oxidative stress and the path to cognitive dysfunction.","authors":"Tulia Fernanda Meira Garcia, Janaína Aparecida Favero Desio, Everton Ferreira de Souza, Silvana Fátima Costa Henkes, Luana Stangherlin Santos, Julcileia de Carvalho Muenho, Cinara Ludvig Gonçalves, Júlio César Claudino Dos Santos","doi":"10.1080/17582024.2025.2510175","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17582024.2025.2510175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxidative stress (OS) plays a central role in age-related cognitive decline and neurodegeneration and is increasingly recognized as a key factor in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Elevated OS biomarkers are detectable from the earliest stages of these disorders. In this critical narrative review, we explore the bioenergetic cascade underlying neurodegeneration, emphasizing pathophysiological alterations, mechanisms, and therapeutic targets. Recent evidence suggests that OS and impaired cellular energy dynamics are both early markers and downstream effects of neuroinflammation, contributing to symptom severity and reduced treatment efficacy. A deeper understanding of these interrelated processes is essential for the development of more effective interventions. Monitoring OS-related metabolites may offer a promising strategy for identifying therapeutic targets and enabling early clinical intervention, ultimately aiming to reduce neuroinflammation and improve patient outcomes in AD and PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19114,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative disease management","volume":" ","pages":"1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of antidepressants in early Huntington's Disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Vishnu Tiwari, Sanjukta Dutta, Feras Alkharboush, Mario Renato Velit, Zelde Espinel","doi":"10.1080/17582024.2025.2510145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17582024.2025.2510145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in Huntington's Disease (HD), there is a dearth of evidence about the effectiveness of psychotropic medication for treating behavioral and cognitive symptoms. This article systematically reviews and aggregates the evidence of the effects of antidepressants on individuals with early HD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of RCTs comparing antidepressants to placebo in individuals with HD was performed, with a focus on outcomes of executive functioning, functional capacity, mood, motor function, and adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4 studies with 123 of patients with early HD, of whom a total of 63 (51.2%) received an antidepressant, were identified in our search. In our pooled analysis, a modest but statistically significant improvement in mood resulted from antidepressant treatment in HD (OR -1.22; 95% CI -2.16,-0.27; <i>p</i> = 0.02). No significant differences in the other outcomes of interest were found following antidepressant exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our investigation suggests that antidepressant use may modestly improve mood, but not ameliorate functional, cognitive, or movement-related symptoms in mild HD. Further studies involving novel agents, larger samples, and longer follow-up times are needed to better characterize the effect of antidepressants on neuropsychiatric symptoms in HD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19114,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative disease management","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leianne Rose V Amisola, Ralph Joaquimn B Acosta, Hail Mariella D Arao-Arao, Vianca Nicole C Benitez, Ron Marrion T Chan, Anna Katrina G Co, Nicole Shandy F Cortez, Pj Brian F Galina, Michael Christian A Virata
{"title":"Gait analysis for Parkinson's disease using multiscale entropy.","authors":"Leianne Rose V Amisola, Ralph Joaquimn B Acosta, Hail Mariella D Arao-Arao, Vianca Nicole C Benitez, Ron Marrion T Chan, Anna Katrina G Co, Nicole Shandy F Cortez, Pj Brian F Galina, Michael Christian A Virata","doi":"10.1080/17582024.2025.2510842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17582024.2025.2510842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by motor dysfunction and complex gait abnormalities. Traditional linear methods often fail to capture the intricate movement patterns in PD. This review highlights Multiscale Entropy (MSE) as a promising tool for assessing gait dynamics, offering deeper insights into movement variability across multiple temporal scales. MSE distinguishes healthy and pathological gait patterns, enhancing early diagnosis and disease monitoring. Advances in wearable sensors, artificial intelligence, and machine learning have boosted MSE's clinical relevance by enabling real-time, personalized gait assessments. Despite these benefits, MSE faces challenges such as computational demands and the need for high-resolution data. Addressing these limitations through large-scale studies, standardized protocols, and integration of emerging technologies may support broader clinical adoption and the development of a robust normative database.</p>","PeriodicalId":19114,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative disease management","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charlotte Massey, Esther Hobson, Alys Wyn Griffiths, Lucy Musson, Christopher McDermott
{"title":"Exploring mechanisms of behavior change for healthcare professionals in cough and secretion management in ALS.","authors":"Charlotte Massey, Esther Hobson, Alys Wyn Griffiths, Lucy Musson, Christopher McDermott","doi":"10.1080/17582024.2025.2506954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17582024.2025.2506954","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore healthcare professionals' experiences managing cough and secretion problems in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative study was completed with 23 individuals participating in four focus groups. Data was analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis and COM-B and theoretical domains framework (TDF) behavior change frameworks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study found that roles, responsibilities, and expectations needed to be clearly defined and that building relationships was important to support care delivery. Barriers identified included limited access to specialist care, equipment, and opportunities to gain knowledge and skills. A structured clinical assessment was highlighted to enable good-quality care. Data mapped most commonly to the environmental context/resources, knowledge, skills (TDF), and physical capability (COM-B) behavior change domains.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cough and secretion management in ALS is complex due to the multifaceted nature of the disease. This study emphasizes the need for future development of clinical interventions to support care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19114,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative disease management","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Challenges in managing comorbidities among people with dementia in low- and middle-income countries.","authors":"Manuella Zandoná, Raphael Machado Castilhos","doi":"10.1080/17582024.2025.2506337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17582024.2025.2506337","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19114,"journal":{"name":"Neurodegenerative disease management","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}