Neural Regeneration Research最新文献

{"title":"Differences in ferroptosis sensitivity among neural cells after traumatic brain injury.","authors":"Xiong Li, Yang Zhao, Xuehua Chen, Yejia Xu, Yumeng Wu, Rui Wan, Dongxian Zhang, Chengliang Luo, Qianqian Li","doi":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-01160","DOIUrl":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-01160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As an iron-dependent, lipid peroxidation-induced mode of regulated cell death, the difference in sensitivity to ferroptosis among neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes is a key breakthrough in deciphering the pathological heterogeneity of traumatic brain injury. Therefore, this review systematically discusses the regulatory mechanisms underlying the differential sensitivity of these cell types to ferroptosis: neurons are highly sensitive due to an imbalance in iron metabolism, enrichment of polyunsaturated fatty acids, and a weak antioxidant system; astrocytes are strongly resistant due to their robust antioxidant capacity and efficient iron buffering ability; the sensitivity of microglia varies with pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory phenotypic switching; and oligodendrocytes are moderately sensitive because of the content of rich polyunsaturated fatty acids in their myelin sheaths. Moreover, the review identifies the regulatory mechanisms of the intercellular interaction network: metabolic support from astrocytes, immune regulation from microglia, and nutritional supply from oligodendrocyte myelin sheaths collectively constitute a synergistic regulatory network for the ferroptotic cascade. This review integrates the regulatory mechanisms of multiple pathways, including iron metabolism and lipid metabolism, identifies core regulatory targets for different cell types, and proposes a multi-dimensional intervention strategy that includes regulation of iron metabolism, antioxidants, and nanodelivery systems. This review confirms that intervention in key ferroptosis molecules (e.g., GPX4, SLC7A11, and Nrf2) can greatly alleviate neurological damage after traumatic brain injury and improve neurological function. By closely linking cell type heterogeneity with the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis, this review proposes a new theoretical framework to decipher the pathological complexity of traumatic brain injury and develop stratified treatment strategies. It provides an important basis for the precise treatment of traumatic brain injury: cell-specific biomarkers and targeted delivery technologies lay a foundation for the clinical translation of ferroptosis-targeted therapy for traumatic brain injury. In the future, it will be necessary to decipher subtype differences using multi-omics approaches and optimize the pharmacokinetics of drugs to realize the clinical application of ferroptosis-targeted therapy for traumatic brain injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":19113,"journal":{"name":"Neural Regeneration Research","volume":" ","pages":"5149-5159"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functionalized, oriented chitosan-fibrin hydrogel scaffold creating a pro-regenerative microenvironment for peripheral nerve repair.","authors":"Yifan Fang, Yuyang Luo, Jinjin Zhu, Chun-Yi Yang, Jia Yang, Feng Rao, Qihua Yang, Jixin Li, Shiyan Ju, Shuhui Yang, Zheng Cao, Xiumei Wang","doi":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00609","DOIUrl":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00609","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19113,"journal":{"name":"Neural Regeneration Research","volume":" ","pages":"5577-5584"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148033612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A decade of progress (2014-2025): Environmental enrichment as a validated preclinical model of neurorehabilitation for traumatic brain injury.","authors":"Corina O Bondi, Haley E Capeci, Hailey M Donald, Maeve L O'Brien, Eleni H Moschonas, Anthony E Kline","doi":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-01392","DOIUrl":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-01392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past decade, recognition of the therapeutic value of environmental enrichment in promoting recovery after traumatic brain injury has continued to increase within the neuroscience and neurotrauma fields. While our previous review (covering literature through early 2014) identified environmental enrichment as a promising intervention, the current review demonstrates that the supporting evidence has not only persisted but significantly strengthened. This updated comprehensive review examines all relevant publications from late 2014 through 2025, with a focus on how enriched environments influence motor recovery, cognitive function, emotional regulation, and neuroplasticity in preclinical models of traumatic brain injury. Several studies highlight refinements to the environmental enrichment paradigm to better emulate clinical neurorehabilitation, particularly regarding the timing of initiation, duration of exposure, and the efficacy of combinational treatment strategies. Potential underlying mechanisms, including enhanced neurogenesis, synaptic remodeling, and modulation of inflammatory responses, are also explored. A total of 34 eligible studies met inclusion criteria, including the use of appropriate controls, randomization, and blinding. Across this body of work, a consistent and compelling pattern emerges, which is that environmental enrichment reliably improves both behavioral and histological outcomes following traumatic brain injury, irrespective of age or sex in animal models. Additionally, several studies report additive or synergistic benefits when environmental enrichment is combined with other therapeutic interventions. These findings reinforce and extend earlier conclusions, providing robust and generalizable support for environmental enrichment as a validated preclinical model of neurorehabilitation for traumatic brain injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":19113,"journal":{"name":"Neural Regeneration Research","volume":" ","pages":"5097-5105"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146099953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction across the lifespan: Role of bezafibrate in neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration.","authors":"Chiara D'Antoni, Lorenza Mautone, Federica Cordella, Paola Bezzi, Silvia Di Angelantonio","doi":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-01363","DOIUrl":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-01363","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19113,"journal":{"name":"Neural Regeneration Research","volume":" ","pages":"5211-5212"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating exosomes convey the cognitive benefits of Tai Chi: The role of miR-625-5p in prefrontal remodeling and therapeutic potential.","authors":"Jingfang Zhu, Li Huang, Sinuo Wang, Jiahui Gao, Lei Yang, Miaoran Lin, Chuyi Ma, Xiaolong Yin, Shengxiang Liang, Zhizhen Liu, Jia Huang, Ying Xu, Cong Chen, Yuwei Ye, Minguang Yang, Tiecheng Wu, Jia Lin, Zhifu Wang, Weilin Liu, Jing Tao, Lidian Chen","doi":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-01364","DOIUrl":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-01364","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19113,"journal":{"name":"Neural Regeneration Research","volume":" ","pages":"5497-5505"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148331408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain volume alterations in patients with chronic knee-joint injury: A cross-sectional analysis based on vehicle-mounted mobile magnetic resonance imaging data.","authors":"Buhuan Zhang, Weifang Liu, Jie Tang, Kenan Zhang, Zhilong Fan, Wei Zhou, Xiaoming Li, Tao Luo, Bing Liu, Shijun Li","doi":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-26-00327","DOIUrl":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-26-00327","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19113,"journal":{"name":"Neural Regeneration Research","volume":" ","pages":"5477-5484"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148795838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune cells in cerebral small vessel disease: Emerging roles and potential targeting therapies.","authors":"Yating Zhan, Yiqin Wang, Meiling Bai, Juan Feng, Jiayi Wei, Jue Wang","doi":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00858","DOIUrl":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00858","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cerebral small vessel disease is an age-related condition that severely affects the quality of life of older adults; however, there are currently no definitive treatments or preventive measures. Cells from both the peripheral and central immune systems significantly impact the development of cerebral small vessel disease. By analyzing the effects of different immune cells on brain dysfunction associated with this disease, we aim to explore the various mechanisms through which autoimmune and acquired immune cells in peripheral circulation and the central nervous system contribute to disease development. Additionally, we seek to identify potential therapeutic modalities targeting these immune cells. In innate immunity, treatment targeting different monocyte loci includes four main modalities: cytokines (CSF1R, MIF, P2X7, CX3CR1, and CCL2), signaling pathways (DAP12/TREM, PI3K/AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin), tissue engineering (mitochondrial transplantation and exosomes), and traditional Chinese medicines. Treatment targeting different dendritic cell loci encompasses two modalities: signaling pathway (cGAS/STING/NF-κB) and tissue engineering (tolerogenic dendritic cells and engineered probiotics). For natural killer cells, treatment targeting different loci includes two modalities: tissue engineering (natural killer cell-based immunotherapies) and traditional Chinese medicines ( Tongxinluo capsule). In adaptive immunity, treatment targeting different T cell loci includes four modalities: cytokines (S1PR and RXR), signaling pathway (Nrf2/GPX4 and Notch-ITGB1), tissue engineering (elimination of senescent T cells, monoclonal antibodies targeting amyloid-beta protofibrils, nanovaccines, and nanomedicines), and traditional Chinese medicines (traditional herbal remedies and microneedle therapy). Treatment targeting different B cell loci includes three modalities: monoclonal antibodies (targeting CD49d and CD20), purine glycoside analogs (Cladribine), and plasma exchange. This review explores the relationship between nerve regeneration, immune cells, and cerebral small vessel disease. The disease is characterized by the crucial role played by signaling and interactions between immune cells and components of the neurovascular unit, which is a functional complex composed of neurons, glial cells, and microvessels that regulate inflammatory responses and tissue repair. The central nervous system lacks intrinsic regenerative capacity, and currently, there is no effective method to fully restore its function. The primary focus of current research is on utilizing tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to create environments that facilitate cell proliferation and tissue regeneration. Hydrogels, induced pluripotent stem cells, exosomes, regulatory T cell transplants, and gene modification are key areas of focus in neural regeneration research. In the future, immune rejuvenation and other emerging therapies may offer potential treatment strategies for cerebral","PeriodicalId":19113,"journal":{"name":"Neural Regeneration Research","volume":" ","pages":"5137-5148"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular vesicles from skin-derived precursor Schwann cells improve the microenvironment for peripheral nerve regeneration.","authors":"Dingding Shen, Haiyan Shi, Yang Yu, Meng Cong, Jun Zhang, Liuchang Song, Jiayi Zhou, Fei Ding, Guanghua Luo, Miaomei Yu","doi":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00994","DOIUrl":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00994","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19113,"journal":{"name":"Neural Regeneration Research","volume":" ","pages":"5563-5576"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lycium barbarum glycopeptide alleviates diabetic retinopathy by modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites.","authors":"Yiwen Ou, Yinhua Huang, Zekai Cui, Shangli Ji, Xu Yang, Rangsheng Mei, Zhexiong Yu, Kwok-Fai So, Jiansu Chen, Shibo Tang, Jacey Hongjie Ma","doi":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00683","DOIUrl":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00683","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19113,"journal":{"name":"Neural Regeneration Research","volume":" ","pages":"5462-5476"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of concentrated growth factor for spinal cord injury: Targeting microglial polarization and inflammation regulation.","authors":"Ziming Wang, Yubao Lu, Ju Fang, Zhizhong Shang, Wei Zhang, Jiale He, Mianshui Wan, Limin Rong","doi":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-01105","DOIUrl":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-01105","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19113,"journal":{"name":"Neural Regeneration Research","volume":" ","pages":"5284-5293"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}