Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology最新文献_第9页

Single injection with chlordecone reduces behavioral receptivity and fertility of adult rats. 单次注射十氯酮可降低成年大鼠的行为接受性和生育能力。

Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology Pub Date : 1986-03-01

L Uphouse

{"title":"Single injection with chlordecone reduces behavioral receptivity and fertility of adult rats.","authors":"L Uphouse","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of chlordecone on fertility were examined in adult, intact female rats. Rats were treated with 25, 50 or 75 mg/kg chlordecone and initial exposure occurred either on the morning before mating or on the morning after mating. When exposure occurred on the morning of proestrus, mating behavior 8 to 9 hours was significantly reduced by 50 or 75 mg/kg chlordecone. Yet, when housed overnight with sexually experienced males, most females showed sperm in the vaginal smear. However, only 23% of the 50 mg/kg group and none of the 75 mg/kg group delivered offspring. Females given 25 mg/kg chlordecone showed behavior and fertility identical to oil injected controls. When females were treated with chlordecone after mating, 41% of the females given 50 mg/kg chlordecone produced litters while 33% of the 75 mg/kg females delivered offspring. Under both conditions, fertility was substantially reduced. In previous studies, chlordecone's reduction of the preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) surge has been offered as an explanation for the pesticide's reproductive deficits. The present studies indicate that the failure of chlordecone-treated females to ovulate cannot totally account for the decreased fertility.","PeriodicalId":19112,"journal":{"name":"Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology","volume":"8 2","pages":"121-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13570682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autoshaped discrimination learning in chicks incubated under normobaric hyperoxia. 常压高氧条件下雏鸡的自形辨别学习。

Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology Pub Date : 1986-03-01

C L Cunningham, D L Francisco, D Kocarnik, J Metcalfe

引用次数: 0

Effects of sodium cyanide upon swimming performance in guinea-pigs and the conferment of protection by pretreatment with p-aminopropiophenone. 氰化钠对豚鼠游泳性能的影响及对氨基丙烯酮预处理的保护作用。

Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology Pub Date : 1986-03-01

G D D'Mello

引用次数: 0

Effects of prenatal aluminum exposure on neuromotor maturation in the rat. 产前铝暴露对大鼠神经运动成熟的影响。

Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology Pub Date : 1986-03-01

V Bernuzzi, D Desor, P R Lehr

引用次数: 0

Tetrachloroethylene: levels of DNA and S-100 in the gerbil CNS after chronic exposure. 四氯乙烯:长期接触沙鼠中枢神经系统后DNA和S-100的水平。

Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology Pub Date : 1986-03-01

L E Rosengren, P Kjellstrand, K G Haglid

引用次数: 0

Acute effects of some volatile nitrites on motor performance and lethality in mice. 某些挥发性亚硝酸盐对小鼠运动性能和致死率的急性影响。

Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology Pub Date : 1986-03-01

D C Rees, E M Coggeshall, Y Dragan, T J Breen, R L Balster

引用次数: 0

Behavioral evaluation of perinatal PCB exposure in rhesus monkeys: fixed-interval performance and reinforcement-omission. 恒河猴围产期多氯联苯暴露的行为评价:固定间隔表现和强化-遗漏。

Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology Pub Date : 1986-03-01

P C Mele, R E Bowman, E D Levin

{"title":"Behavioral evaluation of perinatal PCB exposure in rhesus monkeys: fixed-interval performance and reinforcement-omission.","authors":"P C Mele, R E Bowman, E D Levin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Two experiments were conducted to examine the prolonged behavioral effects of perinatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs, Aroclor 1248) in rhesus monkeys. Experiment I involved testing a group of three monkeys whose mothers had been fed 2.5 ppm PCBs in their diets both before and throughout gestation and nursing (concurrent exposure condition), and a group of three control monkeys whose mothers had received no added dietary PCBs. These offspring began testing at approximately 60 months of age. In experiment II the same group of female breeders which were fed PCBs in experiment I underwent a second round of breeding after being off the contaminated diet for an average of 20 months (postexposure condition). Additionally, another group of female monkeys underwent breeding while receiving concurrent exposure to 0.5 ppm PCBs in their diet. Control female monkeys received no added dietary PCBs. Four offspring from the 2.5 ppm postexposure condition, four from the 0.5 ppm concurrent exposure condition and five control offspring survived to begin testing here at approximately 40 months of age. All monkeys from experiments I and II were tested under a series of fixed-interval schedules of food reinforcement consisting of FI 30 sec (10 sessions) and FI 60, 300 and 600 sec (15 sessions each). Performance measures included overall response rate, index of curvature (IC) and postreinforcement pause (PRP). There were no consistent differences in FI performance between PCB and respective control groups except for a slightly though significantly lower IC in the PCB groups of experiment II under FI 300 and 600.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":19112,"journal":{"name":"Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology","volume":"8 2","pages":"131-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14218864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prenatal ethanol exposure in rats does not alter maze exploration or impair visual discrimination with or without distracting stimuli. 无论是否有分散注意力的刺激，大鼠产前乙醇暴露都不会改变迷宫探索或损害视觉辨别能力。

Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology Pub Date : 1986-01-01

L W Means, R D Russ, C W Medlin, S L Gray

{"title":"Prenatal ethanol exposure in rats does not alter maze exploration or impair visual discrimination with or without distracting stimuli.","authors":"L W Means, R D Russ, C W Medlin, S L Gray","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of in utero exposure to ethanol on maze exploration and visual discrimination and reversal with and without distracting tactile stimuli present were examined in rats. Three groups were compared on all measures. An ethanol treated group was the offspring of dams receiving a liquid diet throughout pregnancy with 35% of the calories supplied as ethanol. Subjects in a pair-fed group were the offspring of dams fed the same diet except that the caloric equivalent of maltose-dextrin was substituted for the ethanol. Subjects in a third group were the offspring of dams fed ad lib lab chow and water throughout pregnancy. All pups were nursed by foster mothers who received ad lib lab chow and water throughout pregnancy and nursing. Relative to the control groups, the ethanol treated group was not found to be significantly more active in the maze at 41-45 days of age or deficient in visual discrimination or reversal with or without the distracting stimuli present at 46-77 days of age. These results are consistent with many studies suggesting that behavioral deficits resulting from in utero ethanol exposure become less evident with age.","PeriodicalId":19112,"journal":{"name":"Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14822072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Behavioral effects of mid-pregnancy administration of lidocaine and mepivacaine in the rat. 妊娠中期给予利多卡因和甲哌卡因对大鼠行为的影响。

Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology Pub Date : 1986-01-01

R F Smith, G G Wharton, S L Kurtz, K M Mattran, A R Hollenbeck

{"title":"Behavioral effects of mid-pregnancy administration of lidocaine and mepivacaine in the rat.","authors":"R F Smith, G G Wharton, S L Kurtz, K M Mattran, A R Hollenbeck","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Sperm-positive female Long-Evans hooded rats were injected with 6 mg/kg lidocaine (with epinephrine), 6 mg/kg mepivacaine, or saline, into the masseter muscle of the jaw on Day 11 of gestation. Birth, growth, and litter composition were unaffected by the drug treatment, as was shuttle box acquisition. Offspring of drug-treated dams had longer latencies than controls on the first day of negative geotaxis training, and were more sensitive to electric footshock. Lidocaine-dosed offspring responded less in the presence of the correct cue in the visual discrimination task, and mepivacaine-dosed animals were hypoactive in the open field. In a second study, offspring of lidocaine-dosed dams were slower to develop the righting reflex, made more errors in acquiring a water maze, had longer suppression times in a conditioned suppression task, and had longer latencies in the tail flick test. Dosing had no effect upon birth and growth, shuttle box, or footshock sensitivity. These data demonstrate that midgestational exposure to lidocaine or mepivacaine at a dose near the limits of permissible human exposure produces significant behavioral changes in the offspring. This preliminary study suggests that development of some portion of the central nervous system is altered by such exposure. Further work is required to determine the parameters and the extent of the effect.","PeriodicalId":19112,"journal":{"name":"Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology","volume":"8 1","pages":"61-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14822858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulation and evolving science: neurobehavioral toxicology. 调控与进化科学:神经行为毒理学。

Neurobehavioral toxicology and teratology Pub Date : 1986-01-01

N S Buckholtz, S Panem

引用次数: 0