Nature Energy最新文献

{"title":"Author Correction: Thin membranes with Cu-ion crosslinking for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells","authors":"Zhenguo Zhang, Qi Zhang, Wen Li, Wen Liu, Jialin Zhang, Jin Zhang, Haining Wang, Yan Xiang, Shanfu Lu","doi":"10.1038/s41560-026-02119-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-026-02119-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"11 10","pages":"1500-1500"},"PeriodicalIF":70.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-026-02119-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148432526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordinated planning of European charging infrastructure and energy system for optimal V1G and V2G deployment","authors":"Francesco Sanvito, Francesco Lombardi, Stefan Pfenninger-Lee","doi":"10.1038/s41560-026-02107-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-026-02107-5","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicle charging infrastructure targets in Europe currently rely on uniform benchmarks, overlooking the flexibility that could be offered by future unidirectional smart charging (V1G) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technologies. To address this gap, here we explicitly represent charging infrastructure and its costs in a cost-minimizing European energy system model, enabling the level of charging flexibility—uncontrolled, V1G and V2G—to compete. We find that V1G captures the majority of system cost savings (€19–42 billion yr−1; 2.2–4.5%) and substantially reduces infrastructure requirements, whereas V2G provides marginal savings of up to €2.5 billion yr−1 but generates substantial balancing market revenues (€6.4 billion yr−1). V2G deployment is most cost-effective in photovoltaic-dominated systems and limited-grid-expansion scenarios where combined solar and wind production is scarce. Charging requirements vary across countries, reflecting either utilization or flexibility maximization, indicating that uniform European Union targets risk overestimating infrastructure needs in some regions while limiting the benefits of smart charging in others. European charging infrastructure targets rely on uniform benchmarks that overlook flexibility from smart charging (V1G) and V2G. A system model shows that V1G delivers most cost and infrastructure savings, whereas V2G provides smaller savings but substantial balancing revenues, particularly in photovoltaic-dominated, grid-constrained systems.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"11 10","pages":"1422-1436"},"PeriodicalIF":70.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148432524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlled solid-state crystallization with formamidinium acetate for fully vacuum-deposited perovskite solar cells","authors":"Yutian Xu, Tengfei Pan, Xiaorong Shi, Yajing Li, Xinwu Ke, Junhao Liu, Na Meng, Yuanhao Cui, Ziqiang Wang, Kui Xu, Xue Min, Zhelu Hu, Lingfeng Chao, Wei Zhu, Chao Ma, Nana Wang, Qingxun Guo, Yingdong Xia, Yonghua Chen, Wei Huang","doi":"10.1038/s41560-026-02093-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-026-02093-8","url":null,"abstract":"Vacuum deposition is a promising route for the fabrication of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, vacuum-deposited PSCs have not yet matched the performance achieved by solution-processed devices. Here we improve the performance of fully vacuum-deposited PSCs by controlling the solid-state reaction pathway. We find that formamidinium acetate reacts directly with PbI2 to form FAPbI3 seed layers, substantially lowering the barrier to the solid-state conversion of precursors into the crystalline δ-phase and their subsequent transformation into the α-phase perovskite. Moreover, the excess acetate passivates grain boundary defects, thereby suppressing non-radiative recombination. As a result, the PSCs achieve a power conversion efficiency of 25.53% and an electroluminescence external quantum efficiency of 18.38%. Importantly, the solvent-free fabrication also enables excellent device stability, with the devices retaining over 95% of their initial power conversion efficiency after 1,000 h under the ISOS-L-1 protocol. Vacuum-processed perovskite solar cells show promise, yet their efficiency remains limited. Xu et al. use formamidinium acetate to promote perovskite crystallization, achieving a 25.5% power conversion efficiency and 1,000 h operational stability.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"11 9","pages":"1307-1318"},"PeriodicalIF":70.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148432523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ligand-confined zinc slurries enable durable flow-based energy storage","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41560-026-02096-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-026-02096-5","url":null,"abstract":"Zinc-based batteries could offer long-duration energy storage, yet conventional zinc electrodes degrade during cycling. Now, a flowing zinc slurry battery is developed with zinc nanoparticles dispersed in a conductive network and a ligand that stabilizes the slurry. The slurry shows reversible Zn/Zn2+ conversion and enables durable battery operation.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"11 8","pages":"1096-1097"},"PeriodicalIF":70.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148432527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-stage local chemistry regulation enabling open-circuit voltage of 847 mV in wide-bandgap Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cells","authors":"Ao Wang, Jialiang Huang, Jialin Cong, Jingwen Cao, Xiaojie Yuan, Shujie Zhou, Xu Liu, Chenghan Zhao, Hang Geng, Zuoyun Wang, Jefferson Zhe Liu, Martin A. Green, Kaiwen Sun, Xiaojing Hao","doi":"10.1038/s41560-026-02111-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-026-02111-9","url":null,"abstract":"Wide-bandgap kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is a promising top-cell candidate for tandem photovoltaics, yet its progress is limited by persistent open-circuit voltage (VOC) deficits. Previous reports of wide-bandgap CZTS solar cells have exhibited substantial VOC losses relative to the radiative limit, largely due to a mismatch between the designed global composition and the local chemistry formed during early crystallization, where elemental diffusion induces secondary phases and detrimental defects. Here we demonstrate a defect regulation strategy that stabilizes the local chemical environment and suppresses diffusion-induced secondary phases, therefore maintaining the desired crystallization environment and pathway. This approach promotes benign defects over detrimental ones, thereby reducing non-radiative recombination losses. Consequently, we achieve a certified champion VOC of 847 mV (65.3% of the radiative limit) and an efficiency of 12.4% in Cd-free wide-bandgap CZTS solar cells. This defect regulation strategy provides a generalized insight into the synthesis of multinary compound semiconductors. Elemental diffusion in Cu2ZnSnS4 induces secondary phases and defects, limiting the open-circuit voltage in associated solar cells. Wang et al. introduce two-stage copper incorporation to suppress copper out-diffusion, enabling 12.4% efficiency and an 874-mV open-circuit voltage in solar cells.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"11 9","pages":"1332-1340"},"PeriodicalIF":70.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-026-02111-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148432528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distributional impacts of EU tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles across European markets","authors":"Hao Dou \u0000 (, ), Shuyan Jiang \u0000 (, ), Shiqi Shawn Ou \u0000 (, ), Han Hao \u0000 (, ), Ming Liu \u0000 (, ), Jingxuan Geng \u0000 (, ), Boyu Liu \u0000 (, ), Lang Mai \u0000 (, ), Xiaobo Qu \u0000 (, ), Yong Geng \u0000 (, ), Klaus Hubacek, Fanran Meng \u0000 (, ), David Reiner, Zia Wadud, James Tate, Yifan Wei \u0000 (, ), Chong Liu \u0000 (, ), Zongwei Liu \u0000 (, ), Fuquan Zhao \u0000 (, ), Xin Sun \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1038/s41560-026-02105-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-026-02105-7","url":null,"abstract":"In July 2024, the European Union (EU) introduced additional tariffs on battery electric vehicles imported from China. How these trade measures affect the pace and distribution of vehicle electrification depends on automakers’ response strategies. Here we combine model-level cost data with a market adoption framework to quantify how tariff-induced cost shocks propagate through total cost of ownership and reshape electric vehicle adoption across 20 EU countries and 10 vehicle classes. We find that, depending on automaker responses, the EU-wide electric vehicle share in 2035 ranges from 56.4% (market withdrawal) to 68.9% (low-cost onshoring), compared with 64.4% under a business-as-usual projection. Adoption losses are concentrated in price-sensitive classes and lower-income countries that rely heavily on affordable China-produced battery electric vehicles, while onshoring production can partially offset tariff impacts and accelerate electrification. Our findings highlight the distributional consequences of uniform trade interventions and underscore the importance of aligning trade and industrial policy to support a resilient and inclusive transition. Tariffs have been introduced in the EU on battery electric vehicles (EVs) imported from China. New research considers how these tariffs may lead to cost increases and reshape EV adoption across the EU.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"11 9","pages":"1364-1377"},"PeriodicalIF":70.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148432530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing the impacts of EU electric vehicle import tariffs","authors":"Hao Dou \u0000 (, ), Shuyan Jiang \u0000 (, ), Shiqi Shawn Ou \u0000 (, ), Han Hao \u0000 (, ), Ming Liu \u0000 (, ), Jingxuan Geng \u0000 (, ), Boyu Liu \u0000 (, ), Lang Mai \u0000 (, ), Xiaobo Qu \u0000 (, ), Yong Geng \u0000 (, ), Klaus Hubacek, Fanran Meng \u0000 (, ), David Reiner, Zia Wadud, James Tate, Yifan Wei \u0000 (, ), Chong Liu \u0000 (, ), Zongwei Liu \u0000 (, ), Fuquan Zhao \u0000 (, ), Xin Sun \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1038/s41560-026-02102-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-026-02102-w","url":null,"abstract":"EU import tariffs on battery electric vehicles may not substantially hinder the overall electrification process but may substantially reduce adoption in vulnerable markets. These findings highlight the uneven implications of broad trade interventions and underscore the importance of complementary policies to support a resilient and inclusive transition.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"11 9","pages":"1238-1240"},"PeriodicalIF":70.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-026-02102-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148432531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Household coordination can aid solar adoption","authors":"Kristin F. Hurst, Naseem H. Dillman-Hasso, Nicole D. Sintov","doi":"10.1038/s41560-026-02103-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-026-02103-9","url":null,"abstract":"Coordination and active deliberation that includes the whole household can facilitate solar adoption. Interventions targeting energy adoption are likely to be more effective when they are designed to support collective decision making rather than focusing on a single member of the household.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"11 10","pages":"1392-1393"},"PeriodicalIF":70.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-026-02103-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148432529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family dynamics are a missing piece in understanding residential solar adoption","authors":"Nicole D. Sintov, Naseem H. Dillman-Hasso, Kristin F. Hurst","doi":"10.1038/s41560-026-02104-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-026-02104-8","url":null,"abstract":"Residential solar adoption is typically conceptualized as an individual-level decision, overlooking the relational complexity that underpins household decision-making. Here we examine how intrahousehold dynamics shape solar adoption by carrying out two studies. Using interview data from 39 couples, Study 1 identified role sets: ‘in sync’, observed among adopter households and characterized by shared goals and division of labour, and ‘oppositional’, marked by disagreement and found among non-adopters. However, catalysts (for example, expiring tax credits, escalating bills) were often necessary to move in-sync households to adoption. Using surveys of lost and current adopters (N = 394), Study 2 investigated the roles of household actors: in adopter households, romantic partners and parents played larger roles, executed more tasks, initiated more discussions and expressed greater positivity than in lost-customer households. Greater household-wide support and even disagreement predicted adoption. Together, these results highlight that household coordination is critical for adoption. Household-wide coordination capacity underpins residential solar adoption. In-sync households share goals, actively deliberate and act collectively to adopt. Oppositional households are misaligned, face coordination snags and do not adopt.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"11 10","pages":"1412-1421"},"PeriodicalIF":70.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148432532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical surface strain regime for stable and active epitaxial platinum oxygen reduction electrocatalysts","authors":"Zhenhua Zeng, Guangdong Liu, David A. Cullen, Huiqiu Deng, Andrew J. Steinbach, Grant M. Thoma, A. Jeremy Kropf, Deborah J. Myers, Zhongxia Shang, Fumiharu Kusaka, Naoto Todoroki, Jeffrey P. Greeley","doi":"10.1038/s41560-026-02108-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-026-02108-4","url":null,"abstract":"Manipulating surface strain via lattice mismatch can enhance electrocatalytic activity in epitaxial transition metal films, but long-term performance remains challenging. Although thick films can improve stability against dissolution, they may suffer from irreversible strain relaxation, reducing catalytic activity. Here using epitaxial platinum films for the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction, we demonstrate thickness-dependent critical strain below which irreversible strain relaxation is avoided, defining the thicknesses range that optimizes catalyst stability and activity. First principles calculations reveal that the critical strain values range from −8.2% (compressive) to 2.7% (tensile) and the optimal strain (−2.5%) is maintained in Pt films up to ~3-nm thick. In H2–air polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, Pt films on iridium deliver a mass activity of 1.5 ± 0.3 A mgPt−1 at 0.9 V and less than 10% performance loss after 30,000 cycles, compared with less than 0.4 A mgPt−1 and more than 60% performance loss for Pt and PtNi catalysts. Manipulating surface strain in epitaxial transition metal films can enhance electrocatalytic activity, yet maintaining long-term performance is challenging due to irreversible strain relaxation. Here the authors identify a thickness-dependent critical strain in epitaxial Pt/Ir films that optimizes stability and activity for the oxygen reduction reaction.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"11 10","pages":"1437-1448"},"PeriodicalIF":70.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148385818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}