{"title":"A DeepSeek-powered AI system for automated chest radiograph interpretation in clinical practice.","authors":"Yaowei Bai, Ruiheng Zhang, Yu Lei, Xuhua Duan, Jingfeng Yao, Shuguang Ju, Chaoyang Wang, Wei Yao, Yiwan Guo, Guilin Zhang, Chao Wan, Qian Yuan, Lei Chen, Wenjuan Tang, Biqiang Zhu, Xinggang Wang, Tao Sun, Wei Zhou, Dacheng Tao, Yongchao Xu, Chuansheng Zheng, Huangxuan Zhao, Bo Du","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-72680-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72680-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A global shortage of radiologists has increased the burden of chest X-ray interpretation, particularly in primary and resource-limited settings. Although artificial intelligence systems can assist with report generation, most lack rigorous prospective validation in real clinical environments. Here we show that Janus-Pro-CXR, a lightweight artificial intelligence system optimized for chest radiograph interpretation, improves report quality and workflow efficiency in a multicenter prospective study (NCT07117266). Developed through domain-specific fine-tuning of a multimodal foundation model, Janus-Pro-CXR achieved strong diagnostic performance for key thoracic findings and generated clinically structured reports aligned with expert standards. In real-world deployment involving 296 patients, AI assistance significantly improved report quality scores and reduced interpretation time by 18.3% compared with standard practice. The system operates efficiently on standard hardware, supporting practical implementation in resource-constrained settings. These findings demonstrate the clinical value of lightweight, human-AI collaborative systems in radiology practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcos Rubín-Osanz, Laura Bersani, Simone Chicco, Giuseppe Allodi, Roberto De Renzi, Athanasios Mavromagoulos, Michael D Roy, Stergios Piligkos, Elena Garlatti, Stefano Carretta
{"title":"Implementing the Quantum Fourier Transform on a molecular qudit with full refocusing and state tomography.","authors":"Marcos Rubín-Osanz, Laura Bersani, Simone Chicco, Giuseppe Allodi, Roberto De Renzi, Athanasios Mavromagoulos, Michael D Roy, Stergios Piligkos, Elena Garlatti, Stefano Carretta","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-72390-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72390-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Molecular spin qudits based on lanthanide complexes offer a promising platform for quantum technologies, combining chemical tunability with multi-level encoding. However, experimental demonstrations of their envisaged capabilities remain scarce, posing the difficulty of achieving precise control over coherences between qudit states in long pulse sequences. Here, we implement in a <sup>173</sup>Yb(trensal) qudit the Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT), a core component of numerous quantum algorithms, storing quantum information in the phases of coherences. QFT provides an ideal benchmark for coherence manipulation and a challenge for molecular spin qudits. We address this challenge by embedding a full-refocusing protocol for spin qudits in our algorithm, mitigating inhomogeneous broadening and enabling a high-fidelity recovery of the state. Complete state tomography demonstrates the performance of the algorithm, while simulations provide insight into the physical mechanisms behind inhomogeneous broadening. This work shows the feasibility of quantum logic on molecular spin qudits and highlights their potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariia Saviuk, Victoria D Turubanova, Sara De Brée, Sandra Van Lint, Teresa Mendes Maia, Simon Devos, Iuliia Efimova, Julie Braet, Lore Van Oudenhove, Gitta Boons, Faye Naessens, Robin Demuynck, Ellen Saeys, Christian Vanhove, Lukas Bunse, Peter M van Endert, Robrecht Raedt, Maria V Vedunova, Olga Krysko, Roosmarijn E Vandenbroucke, Karim Vermaelen, Tatiana A Mishchenko, Elena Catanzaro, Dmitri V Krysko
{"title":"Ferroptosis-armed dendritic cell vaccines for glioma immunotherapy.","authors":"Mariia Saviuk, Victoria D Turubanova, Sara De Brée, Sandra Van Lint, Teresa Mendes Maia, Simon Devos, Iuliia Efimova, Julie Braet, Lore Van Oudenhove, Gitta Boons, Faye Naessens, Robin Demuynck, Ellen Saeys, Christian Vanhove, Lukas Bunse, Peter M van Endert, Robrecht Raedt, Maria V Vedunova, Olga Krysko, Roosmarijn E Vandenbroucke, Karim Vermaelen, Tatiana A Mishchenko, Elena Catanzaro, Dmitri V Krysko","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-72737-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72737-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The type of cell death has proven to play a crucial role in cancer immunotherapy efficacy. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) enhances tumor adjuvanticity and antigenicity by releasing danger signals and altering the immune peptidome. The immunogenicity of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, remains uncertain. Here, we show that dendritic cell (DC) vaccines loaded with ferroptotic lysates protect mice against glioma growth, inducing IFN-γ production, and promoting robust CD8⁺ T cell infiltration, activation, and effector memory formation in the tumor microenvironment. The intrinsic immunogenicity of ferroptosis was independent of the glioma type and the ferroptosis inducer. Instead, it critically required the presence of the damage-associated molecular patterns calreticulin and ATP, rather than involving HMGB1-TLR4 signaling. However, supplementing these DAMPs into DC vaccines loaded with non-ICD lysates did not restore efficacy to the level of the ferroptosis-based DC vaccine, suggesting a more complex mechanism beyond a purely DAMP-mediated effect. These findings demonstrate that ferroptosis-loaded DC vaccines elicit a potent, tumor-specific immune response, capable of eradicating intracranial gliomas in mice, which highlights their potential in cancer immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Operating a non-Hermitian atomic magnetometer with programmable digital electronics.","authors":"Tianyu Qian, Jipeng Xu, Ran Huang, Keyu Xia, Zhiqiang Xiong, Hongchang Zhao, Chao Wang, Yuchen Feng, Jintao Zheng, Jiajia Li, Hui Luo, Shiqiao Qin, Franco Nori, Hui Jing, Zhiguo Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-72864-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72864-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-Hermitian systems with exceptional points (EPs) have attracted much attention for their potential to increase sensitivity. However, EPs are difficult to generate and control accurately in most physical systems, as they are extremely sensitive to environmental disturbances. We propose a unique non-Hermitian system formed by hybridizing digital electronics with physical sensors. The programmability of digital electronics allows EPs to be created, manipulated, and applied easily and flexibly. More interestingly, the modular design of our system facilitates coupling with various physical sensors, increasing their linear response to an EP-enhanced sublinear response. By coupling digital electronics with an atomic magnetometer, we achieved a 4.27-fold sensitivity increase for weak magnetic field measurements. Our work opens a new frontier at the junction of three active fields, namely, atomic physics, electronics, and non-Hermitian devices. The programmability, scalability, and practicality of our approach could further increase the universality, complexity, and intelligence of non-Hermitian fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ANXA11 suppression restores muscular function in the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).","authors":"Wen Tang, Bowen Lin, Ming Jin, Tianzhen Liu, Jingyi Zhou, Yanhong Jin, Yi Chen, Yanan Zhu, Gonglu Liu, Ping Hu, Chengyong Shen, Zhuoxian Meng, Guoping Peng, Liqun Lei, Xingxu Huang, Chenxiao Zhang, Ke Chen, Guiheng Zhang, Xufeng Yang, Xue Lv, Adrien Rousseau, Jian Yang, Zhi-Ying Wu, Ge Bai, Zhen Zhong","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-72824-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72824-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A critical question in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) research is whether regulatory mechanisms beyond dystrophin loss contribute to impaired muscle regeneration. Through integrative analysis of proteomics and single-nucleus RNA sequencing database, we identify the upregulation of ANXA11, a gene encoding a Ca²⁺-dependent phospholipid-binding protein, in MYH3⁺ regenerative myofibers from both mdx mice and DMD patients. This upregulation disrupts the maturation of regenerative myofibers, preventing adequate compensation for muscle loss in mdx mice due to dysregulation of the mTOR pathway. Suppression of Anxa11 via genetic knockout or AAV9-mediated knockdown significantly enhanced MYH3⁺ myofiber maturation, accompanied by restored S6 phosphorylation and robust functional muscle recovery in mdx mice. These results establish ANXA11 as a key regulator of muscle regeneration and a potential therapeutic target for DMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah C Lowery, Mikaela K Ribi, Joann Chongsaritsinsuk, Isabella P Tran, Grace Grimsley, Rachel Stubler, Keira E Mahoney, Taryn M Lucas, Georgia Charkoftaki, Alvaro Santos-Neto, Nissi Varki, Vasilis Vasiliou, Michael Angelo, Richard R Drake, Stacy A Malaker
{"title":"Glycosite mapping and in situ mass spectrometry imaging of MUC2 glycopeptides via on-slide mucinase digestion.","authors":"Sarah C Lowery, Mikaela K Ribi, Joann Chongsaritsinsuk, Isabella P Tran, Grace Grimsley, Rachel Stubler, Keira E Mahoney, Taryn M Lucas, Georgia Charkoftaki, Alvaro Santos-Neto, Nissi Varki, Vasilis Vasiliou, Michael Angelo, Richard R Drake, Stacy A Malaker","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-72853-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72853-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current analytical techniques are limited in their ability to interrogate the mechanistic relationship between aberrant mucin glycosylation and malignancy. Herein, we describe a method for mapping specific mucin glycoforms in diseased tissue, enabling correlation of the tumor glycan profile with malignant features. Following on-tissue digestion with mucinase StcE, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) deduces the spatial distribution of mucinous O-glycopeptides that are subsequently identified using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Our coupled MS approach reveals a striking mucin 2 (MUC2) expression pattern in three colorectal mucinous adenocarcinomas, in which different glycoforms clearly stratify regions within each tumor. The LC-MS experiments obtain glycoproteomic sequence coverage of MUC2's mucin domains in unprecedented depth, and we also present evidence for an endogenous O-acetylated GalNAc. Overall, this proof-of-concept work underscores the potential of this technique to drive research in oncology and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Channelized topography amplifies melt-sensitivity of cold Antarctic ice shelves.","authors":"Qin Zhou, Tore Hattermann, Chen Zhao, Rupert Gladstone, Julius Lauber, Petteri Uotila, Ashley Morris","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-71828-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-71828-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The stability of Antarctic ice shelves, which regulate the flow of grounded ice into the ocean, depends critically on ocean-driven basal melting. Basal channels, widespread features beneath many ice shelves, modulate ice-shelf basal melt rates and influence ice-shelf stability, yet their oceanic drivers remain poorly understood. Using high-resolution simulations of a cold-water ice shelf cavity, we show that interactions between circulation and channelized topography generate localized overturning that traps intruding warm Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) beneath the ice, amplifying melt rates by an order of magnitude within channels. This ocean-driven process significantly enhances the sensitivity of the ice shelf basal mass loss to ocean warming, and the resulting differential melting promotes channel growth, with the potential to undermine the structural stability of the deeper part of the ice shelf. Our results reveal a key mechanism for basal channel evolution and indicate that even modest CDW intrusions could have important implications for the stability of cold Antarctic ice shelves.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hao Jia, Shanglin Yang, Jiajun He, Shuo Liu, Haoxiang Chen, Ce Shang, Shaojie Ma, Peng Han, Ching Hua Lee, Zhen Gao, Yun Lai, Tie Jun Cui
{"title":"Deep-learning-empowered programmable topolectrical circuits.","authors":"Hao Jia, Shanglin Yang, Jiajun He, Shuo Liu, Haoxiang Chen, Ce Shang, Shaojie Ma, Peng Han, Ching Hua Lee, Zhen Gao, Yun Lai, Tie Jun Cui","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-72901-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72901-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Topolectrical circuits provide a versatile platform for exploring modern physical models, yet existing approaches lack full programmability and effective mechanisms for inverse state design. Here, we present a deep-learning-empowered programmable topolectrical circuit platform for physical modeling and analysis. Our system integrating fully independent, continuous tuning of on-site and off-site Hamiltonian terms, physics-graph-informed inverse state design, and immediate hardware verification, thereby bridges theoretical modeling and practical realization. Through flexible control and adiabatic path engineering, we experimentally observe boundary states in higher-order topological systems without global symmetry, the associated adiabatic phase transitions, and flat-band characteristics corresponding to Landau levels. Incorporating a physics-graph-informed generative model, we achieve arbitrary, position-controllable Anderson localization surpassing conventional random approaches. Leveraging this capability, we demonstrate physics-mechanism-driven probabilistic information encryption and product anti-counterfeiting. Our work establishes a paradigm where deep learning and programmable hardware synergistically enable on-demand inverse design, bridging physics and information technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hanzhi Yu, Changjiang Hu, Zhiwen Jiang, Hang Zhang, Chunyang Ma, Jun Ma
{"title":"Effective recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries via radiolytic radical reactions.","authors":"Hanzhi Yu, Changjiang Hu, Zhiwen Jiang, Hang Zhang, Chunyang Ma, Jun Ma","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-72839-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72839-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapidly growing volume of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) poses an urgent recycling challenge, as conventional pyro-/hydro-metallurgical methods remain inefficient and require harsh operating conditions. Herein, we develop an efficient, pilot-scale radiation-driven leaching strategy for processing kilogram quantities of spent ternary cathode material dispersed in aqueous citric acid. In minutes, ambient and controllable electron beam irradiation achieves near-complete (>99%) leaching of valuable transition metals and lithium. Mechanistic studies reveal that the hydrated electrons and citric acid-derived radicals generated jointly during water radiolysis drive rapid cathode amorphization by reducing high-valence metal centers and cleaving metal-oxygen bonds. Concurrently, direct irradiation induces lattice defects and oxygen vacancies, synergistically enhancing amorphization and strengthening radical-metal site coupling, thereby accelerating dissolution. Furthermore, the leachate is repurposed into effective cathode materials and oxygen evolution reaction catalysts, enabling an economically viable closed-loop recycling process. Energy efficiency and techno-economic analyses indicate that industrial-scale radiation technology offers a practical solution for scalable spent LIB recycling.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exciton-polariton dynamics in multilayered materials.","authors":"Saeed Rahmanian Koshkaki, Arshath Manjalingal, Logan Blackham, Arkajit Mandal","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-72699-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72699-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coupling excitons with quantized radiation has been shown to enable coherent ballistic transport at room temperature inside optical cavities. Previous theoretical works employ a simple description of the material, depicting it as a one-dimensional single-layer placed in the middle of an optical cavity, thereby ignoring the spatial variation of the radiation field. In contrast, in most experiments, the optical cavity is filled with organic molecules or multiple layers of two-dimensional materials. Here, we develop an efficient mixed-quantum-classical approach, introducing a bright layer description, that enables the simulation of exciton-polariton quantum dynamics in all three dimensions. Our simulations reveal that, for the same Rabi splitting, a multilayered material extends the quantum coherence lifetime and enhances transport compared to a single-layer material. We find that this enhanced coherence can be traced to a synchronization of phonon fluctuations over multiple layers, wherein the collective light-matter coupling in a multilayered material effectively suppresses the phonon-induced dynamical disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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