Nature Geoscience最新文献_第8页

Author Correction: Recent active rifting on Venus revealed by wide rift flank uplifts 作者更正：最近活跃的裂谷在金星上显示出宽裂谷侧面隆起

IF 20.6 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2026-07-31 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-026-02075-1

Xi Yang, Taras V. Gerya, Anna J. P. Gülcher

引用次数: 0

Wide flanks of rift uplifts on Venus indicate recent rifting activity 金星上宽侧面的裂谷隆起表明最近的裂谷活动

IF 20.6 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2026-07-31 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-026-02049-3

引用次数: 0

Limited remineralization of Arctic permafrost-derived organic carbon in nearshore marine sediments 近岸海洋沉积物中北极永久冻土衍生有机碳的有限再矿化

IF 20.6 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2026-07-31 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-026-02060-8

Manuel Ruben, Bingbing Wei, Anabel von Jackowski, Jens Hefter, Torben Gentz, Florence Schubotz, Heidi Taubner, Bo Liu, Michael Fritz, Anna Irrgang, Walter Geibert, Maarten Boersma, Gabriel A. Juma, Silla Thomsen, Gesine Mollenhauer

{"title":"Limited remineralization of Arctic permafrost-derived organic carbon in nearshore marine sediments","authors":"Manuel Ruben, Bingbing Wei, Anabel von Jackowski, Jens Hefter, Torben Gentz, Florence Schubotz, Heidi Taubner, Bo Liu, Michael Fritz, Anna Irrgang, Walter Geibert, Maarten Boersma, Gabriel A. Juma, Silla Thomsen, Gesine Mollenhauer","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02060-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41561-026-02060-8","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid Arctic warming causes thawing and erosion of coastal permafrost, releasing organic carbon into the Arctic Ocean. Although much of this organic carbon is deposited in marine sediments, the extent to which it is remineralized and re-enters the active carbon cycle remains uncertain. Here we examine the fate of permafrost-derived organic carbon in the nearshore sediments of Qikiqtaruk, Canada. Analysis of dual carbon isotopes revealed that nearshore sedimentary organic carbon originated predominantly from eroded ancient permafrost deposits, but the remineralization end-product, dissolved inorganic carbon, diffusing back out of the sediment was younger and predominantly of marine origin. We estimate that <10% of land-derived Pleistocene permafrost organic carbon is respired after redeposition in marine sediments. Our findings indicate that despite substantial Pleistocene permafrost organic carbon accumulation in marine sediments due to permafrost thaw and coastal erosion, much of it remains buried, potentially limiting its immediate contribution to atmospheric carbon. However, given the high reactivity of permafrost organic carbon entering the ocean, a reactive subfraction may remain in the water column or was degraded prior to redeposition in the analysed sediments, highlighting the need for more comprehensive assessments of permafrost organic carbon degradation and its inclusion into Earth system models. Only 10% of organic carbon from thawing Pleistocene permafrost in the Arctic that is buried in marine sediments ends up re-entering the active carbon cycle, according to a carbon isotope analysis of sediments from off Qikiqtaruk (Herschel Island) in Canada.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"19 10","pages":"1167-1173"},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-026-02060-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148693468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Threefold increase in atmospheric–riverine compound heatwaves under climate change 气候变化下大气-河流复合热浪增加三倍

IF 20.6 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2026-07-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-026-02040-y

Yu Zhou, Yanxia Shen, Wei Zhi, Bo Zhou, Senlin Zhu, Li Yuan, Yangyang Wang, Chuan Wang, Kun Shi, Amir Aghakouchak, Michelle T. H. van Vliet, Chunhui Lu, R. Iestyn Woolway

{"title":"Threefold increase in atmospheric–riverine compound heatwaves under climate change","authors":"Yu Zhou, Yanxia Shen, Wei Zhi, Bo Zhou, Senlin Zhu, Li Yuan, Yangyang Wang, Chuan Wang, Kun Shi, Amir Aghakouchak, Michelle T. H. van Vliet, Chunhui Lu, R. Iestyn Woolway","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02040-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41561-026-02040-y","url":null,"abstract":"Record-breaking heatwaves disrupt global water, energy and food systems, yet the co-occurrence of atmospheric and riverine events remains largely unexplored. Here we analyse 796 river basins in the USA and Central Europe to characterize such co-occurring atmospheric–riverine compound heatwaves. Combining water quality observations with a deep learning model, we find that compound heatwaves have increased by about 0.40 events per decade since the 1980s. This corresponds to a rise from roughly 0.76 events per year in the early period to about three times that frequency today, meaning their occurrence has effectively tripled over the past four decades. This trend coincides with the rapid intensification of riverine heatwaves, which have increased in frequency (114%), duration (148%) and intensity (95%) between 1981–1990 and 2010–2019, far outpacing changes in atmospheric heatwaves. Compound occurrences are primarily controlled by climatic (59.2%), topographic (22.4%) and hydrological (18.3%) factors, with amplified trends in high-elevation (>3,000 m) mountain rivers (+128% per decade). Compared with isolated riverine heatwaves, compound heatwaves drive an additional 16% rise in water temperature and a further 2.9% decline in dissolved oxygen. Under a high-emissions scenario, 98.5% of riverine heatwaves will coincide with atmospheric heatwaves by 2100. These findings highlight the escalating threats of compound heatwaves to freshwater ecosystems and the need to incorporate their dynamics into future water risk assessments. Co-occurring atmospheric and river heatwaves have tripled since the 1980s across the USA and Europe, and are projected to become the norm by 2100, according to model simulations.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"19 8","pages":"906-913"},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-026-02040-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148612650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Future tropical cyclone rainfall constrained by increased atmospheric dryness 未来热带气旋降雨受大气干燥度增加的限制

IF 20.6 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2026-07-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-026-02047-5

Jianan Chen, Ralf Toumi, Dazhi Xi

{"title":"Future tropical cyclone rainfall constrained by increased atmospheric dryness","authors":"Jianan Chen, Ralf Toumi, Dazhi Xi","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02047-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41561-026-02047-5","url":null,"abstract":"Tropical cyclone rain rates are projected to increase under warming, yet many climate models produce weaker rain-rate responses than expected from Clausius–Clapeyron scaling, which predicts that atmospheric moisture-holding capacity increases by approximately 7% per degree of warming. Here we use large-ensemble simulations, satellite observations and reanalysis data to identify what suppresses these rain-rate increases below Clausius–Clapeyron expectations. We show that future increases in tropical cyclone rain rate are constrained by the amplified absolute dryness of the warming atmosphere, quantified by the saturation deficit. Whereas atmospheric moistening elevates column water vapour at near-Clausius–Clapeyron rates and storm intensification further boosts rain rate, these gains are systematically offset by saturation-deficit-driven reductions in precipitation efficiency through enhanced evaporation. The negative relationship between precipitation efficiency and column saturation deficit is corroborated by satellite-based precipitation observations. Although precipitation efficiency correlates positively with storm intensity, attribution analyses reveal that increases in column saturation deficit can dominate intensity effects under warming, leading to net declines in precipitation efficiency and smaller rain rates. Our results highlight increased absolute dryness as the principal thermodynamic limiter of future tropical cyclone rain rate, uncovering a mechanism overlooked by prior projections focused solely on storm intensification and moisture increases. Climate model ensembles suggest tropical cyclones will bring more rain as the world warms, but increases may be smaller than expected. Atmospheric dryness reduces how much rain storms produce, offsetting extra moisture and stronger storms.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"19 9","pages":"1024-1030"},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent active rifting on Venus revealed by wide rift flank uplifts 最近活跃的裂谷在金星上显示出宽裂谷侧面隆起

IF 20.6 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2026-07-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-026-02044-8

Xi Yang, Taras V. Gerya, Anna J. P. Gülcher

{"title":"Recent active rifting on Venus revealed by wide rift flank uplifts","authors":"Xi Yang, Taras V. Gerya, Anna J. P. Gülcher","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02044-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41561-026-02044-8","url":null,"abstract":"Rifts are prominent tectonic features on Venus, yet their formation, evolution and tectonic activity remain debatable. Here we conducted 3D numerical thermomechanical experiments with visco-elasto-plastic compressible rock rheology to systematically investigate the rifting dynamics and topography under Venusian conditions. To compare active and inactive rift morphologies, the relaxation of rift topography after extension ceases was also investigated. Our modelling results suggest a relatively thick thermal lithosphere and a strong crust with dry diabase or mafic granulite rheology in rifted regions and demonstrate that wide rift flank uplifts strongly indicate either presently ongoing Venusian rifting or activity within the past few tens of millions of years. The rift valleys in the Ganis, Dali and Devana Chasmata have wide rift flank uplifts, and their characteristic topographic features are comparable to the modelled early-stage active rifts undergoing relatively high extension rates of 3−10 cm yr−1. This suggests that the Venus rifts in these regions are still active or were active very recently. Their morphology also indicates faster extension rates than commonly assumed for Venusian rifting, potentially associated with recent vigorous mantle plume activity. Comparisons between thermomechanical models and Venusian rift morphologies indicate that rifts on Venus are still, or were recently, active and may have undergone faster extension than usually assumed, potentially because of mantle plume activity.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"19 8","pages":"880-886"},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-026-02044-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep convection only temporarily intensified by aerosols 深对流只是被气溶胶暂时加强

IF 20.6 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-026-02053-7

Denis Shum, Guy Dagan, Roni Shpitzer

{"title":"Deep convection only temporarily intensified by aerosols","authors":"Denis Shum, Guy Dagan, Roni Shpitzer","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02053-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41561-026-02053-7","url":null,"abstract":"Whether aerosols invigorate, suppress or have a weak effect on deep convection remains highly debated. Here we investigate how the timescale of aerosol perturbations controls convective responses and show that the apparent invigoration of convection is probably a transient effect. Using cloud-resolving models from a multi-model radiative–convective equilibrium intercomparison project and targeted perturbation experiments, we find that abrupt aerosol increases drive strong convective invigoration, which lasts for about 1 d, but this response vanishes as the environment adjusts and upper-tropospheric warming reduces cloud–environment thermal contrasts. Experiments with oscillating aerosol concentrations confirm this mechanism: rapid aerosol variability can lead to convective invigoration, whereas slow variability yields muted responses. A low-order model further supports the generality of this timescale-dependent framework. These findings highlight that the timescale of aerosol perturbations fundamentally governs their convective impacts—a critical consideration for interpreting both observations and model projections of aerosol–cloud interactions. A sudden rise in aerosols makes clouds more active for about a day. Then the effect fades as the atmosphere adjusts and warms aloft, reducing the contrast that helps clouds grow, according to cloud-resolving model simulations.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"19 9","pages":"1031-1038"},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

European summer drying largely driven by atmospheric circulation changes since the 1980s 自20世纪80年代以来，欧洲夏季干旱主要受大气环流变化的驱动

IF 20.6 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2026-07-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-026-02050-w

István Dunkl, Ana Bastos, Sebastian Sippel

{"title":"European summer drying largely driven by atmospheric circulation changes since the 1980s","authors":"István Dunkl, Ana Bastos, Sebastian Sippel","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02050-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41561-026-02050-w","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, Europe has experienced more frequent and severe droughts driven by two mechanisms: shifts in large-scale atmospheric circulation, altering the frequency and position of pressure systems, and thermodynamic changes, which cause background warming, raise evaporative demand and affect precipitation. However, the relative roles of these drivers in observed drought trends remain uncertain. Here we disentangle their contributions using nudged atmospheric circulation model simulations, which isolate the circulation-induced component of European hydroclimatic variability and trends. We show that circulation-induced effects play a substantial role in long-term summer drying. These changes account for about 55% of the observed summer soil moisture decline in mid-latitude Europe since 1980 and about 42% of increased atmospheric vapour pressure deficit. Further, we demonstrate that more frequent anticyclonic, warm and dry weather conditions linked to these circulation changes amplify the thermodynamic component of drying. Whereas our study improves our understanding of the mechanisms behind European hydroclimatic trends, these findings also highlight the high uncertainty for European hydroclimate projections because future circulation changes remain poorly constrained. If historical circulation trends were partly externally forced, circulation-driven drying may continue. If instead they arose from internal climate variability, a circulation tendency that counteracts thermodynamic drying could be expected. Shifting atmospheric circulation patterns over Europe since the 1980s have been the major cause of increasingly severe droughts on the continent, according to nudged circulation climate model simulations.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"19 8","pages":"914-921"},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-026-02050-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Continental-scale fern savannah wildfires during end-Triassic greenhouse warming 三叠纪末温室变暖期间大陆尺度的蕨类草原野火

IF 20.6 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2026-07-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-026-02048-4

T. P. Hollaar, M. S. Kent, B. H. Lomax, W. Meredith, S. L. Lindström, R. Bos, C. V. Looy, J. P. Benca, I. A. P. Duijnstee, S. P. Hesselbo, S. Richoz, H. M. Viðarsdóttir, T. R. A. Vandenbroucke, J. Vermeer, N. Kuhlmann, I. M. Waajen-Labee, F. Peterse, K. G. J. Nierop, B. van de Schootbrugge

{"title":"Continental-scale fern savannah wildfires during end-Triassic greenhouse warming","authors":"T. P. Hollaar, M. S. Kent, B. H. Lomax, W. Meredith, S. L. Lindström, R. Bos, C. V. Looy, J. P. Benca, I. A. P. Duijnstee, S. P. Hesselbo, S. Richoz, H. M. Viðarsdóttir, T. R. A. Vandenbroucke, J. Vermeer, N. Kuhlmann, I. M. Waajen-Labee, F. Peterse, K. G. J. Nierop, B. van de Schootbrugge","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02048-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41561-026-02048-4","url":null,"abstract":"Two-hundred-million years ago, the emission of an estimated 100,000 gigatonnes of CO2 from the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province had dire consequences for the biosphere, driving the end-Triassic mass extinction. Palynological assemblages across the end-Triassic mass extinction obtained from drill cores in Germany, Luxemburg, Denmark and the UK show a remarkable darkening of pollen and spores that is at odds with simple thermal maturation. Here we investigate this latest Triassic ‘dark zone’ using the Palynomorph Darkness Index obtained from trilete spores derived from ferns and Classopollis pollen derived from conifers. Coinciding with forest collapse and the spread of a fern-dominated pioneer vegetation, peak darkness occurs in the Triletes Beds in Germany and equivalent strata elsewhere. Comparison of controlled heating experiments of spores from the modern clubmoss Lycopodium indicates that this latest Triassic darkening of palynomorphs was caused by surface fires passing through fern savannahs. Our analyses of microcharcoal and pyrolytic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons records further support frequent and widespread wildfire activity across Europe during the end-Triassic mass extinction. Continental-scale fern savannah wildfires during the end-Triassic mass extinction suggests that intense climate change, including heat stress, and periods of prolonged drought alternating with extreme precipitation events contributed to the collapse of terrestrial ecosystems. Fern savannahs spread rapidly following the collapse of the forest ecosystem during the end-Triassic mass extinction, setting the conditions for widespread wildfires, according to an analysis of the darkening of fossil pollen and spores.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"19 8","pages":"973-979"},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148587264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extreme warming fans the flames during mass extinctions 在大灭绝期间，极端的变暖助长了火焰

IF 20.6 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2026-07-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-026-02058-2

Chris Mays

引用次数: 0