mSphere最新文献

{"title":"Relevance of oncobiome in breast cancer evolution in an Argentine cohort.","authors":"Leonardo Néstor Rubén Dandeu, Joel Lachovsky, Sofía Sidlik, Pablo Marenco, Daniela Orschanski, Pablo Aguilera, Martín Vázquez, María Del Pilar Carballo, Elmer Fernández, Alberto Penas-Steinhardt, Norma Alejandra Chasseing, Vivian Labovsky","doi":"10.1128/msphere.00597-24","DOIUrl":"10.1128/msphere.00597-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide, with about 20,000 cases annually in Argentina. While age, diet, and genetics are known risk factors, most breast cancer cases have unknown causes, necessitating the discovery of new risk factors. The aim of this study was the analysis of the prognostic relevance of the oncobiome in Argentinean breast cancer patients. Sequencing of the V4 region 16S rRNA gene was performed on 34 primary breast tumor samples, using bioinformatic and statistical analyses to identify bacteria and hypothetical pathways. Each sample presented a unique microbial profile, with <i>Proteobacteria</i> being the most abundant phylum. Tumors >2 cm showed greater alpha diversity with increased nucleotide biosynthesis. Moreover, progesterone-receptor tumors showed differences in beta diversity, being progesterone receptor-positive tumors that had the highest expression of <i>Acinetobacter</i> and <i>Moraxella</i>. In disease progression, the phylum <i>Chloroflexi</i> was prevalent in tumors of surviving patients. <i>Acinetobacter</i> and <i>Cloacibacterium</i> genera were significantly higher in patients without events and those without metastasis. We found that nucleotide and cell-structure biosynthesis, and lipid metabolism pathways were enriched in tumors with poor progression, whereas amino-acid degradation was increased in tumors of surviving patients. This finding is an indication that tumor cells are taking advantage of this effect of the microbiome during tumor progression. We conclude that oncobiome is dysbiotic in these patients, with distinct patterns in those with poor progression. Suggesting a link between the oncobiome and cancer progression, paving the way for new therapies to improve patient quality of life and survival.</p><p><strong>Importance: </strong>This is the first study to investigate the relevance of the oncobiome in the evolution of breast cancer in a cohort of Argentine patients. It also highlights the need for further research in this area to improve our understanding of the role of the microbiome in this disease and potentially identify new therapeutic targets or prognostic indicators. Understanding the complex interaction between the microbiome, the tumor microenvironment, and the pathogenesis of breast cancer holds the promise of more personalized and effective treatment approaches in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":19052,"journal":{"name":"mSphere","volume":" ","pages":"e0059724"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of <i>Campylobacter</i> species in a rhesus macaque breeding colony.","authors":"Irving Nachamkin","doi":"10.1128/msphere.00991-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00991-24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19052,"journal":{"name":"mSphere","volume":" ","pages":"e0099124"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> increases serum vitamin D metabolite levels and modulates intestinal flora to alleviate osteoporosis in mice.","authors":"Hongchao Wang, Gao Tian, Zhangming Pei, Xihua Yu, Yi Wang, Fuchun Xu, Jianxin Zhao, Shourong Lu, Wenwei Lu","doi":"10.1128/msphere.01039-24","DOIUrl":"10.1128/msphere.01039-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The elderly population is prone to osteoporosis, owing to the deterioration of the skin, liver, and kidney functions. Vitamin D (VD) supplementation has a limited effect, and VD deficiency is mostly treated with medication. Several studies have shown that the gut microbiota alters intestinal VD metabolism and that probiotic supplements can influence circulating VD levels. Therefore, in the present study, we screened a strain of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> FSHHK13M1 that can increase the level of VD metabolites in the fermented supernatant species <i>in vitro</i> by modeling fecal bacterial fermentation. The results showed that FSHHK13M1 intervention significantly increased the serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxy VD and osteocalcin. It activated the expression of the VDR, OPG, Wnt10b/β-catenin, and Runx2/Osterix pathways and inhibited the expression of RANKL/RANK pathway. Furthermore, there was an enhancement in the quantity of bone trabeculae and the proportion of bone volume. Concurrently, the gut microbiota in mice with osteoporosis exhibited signs of imbalance. FSHHK13M1 intervention increased the relative abundance of specific bacteria, such as <i>Faecalibaculum rodentium</i>, <i>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</i>, <i>Bifidobacterium pseudolongum</i>, and <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i>. These results suggest that <i>B. longum</i> FSHHK13M1 alleviates retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis symptoms by modulating related genes, regulating the intestinal flora and increasing the level of active VD.IMPORTANCEOsteoporosis is a systemic metabolic disease in which the patient's bone mass decreases for a variety of reasons, and the microstructure of the bone tissue is altered, leading to an increase in bone brittleness and susceptibility to fracture. Osteoporosis is almost always present in the elderly population, and fractures from falls are an important predisposing factor for mortality risk in the elderly population. Supplementation is quite limited for them as they are not able to utilize vitamin D well due to declining liver, kidney, and skin functions. In the present study, a strain of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> probiotic was found to increase the levels of the active form of vitamin D and ameliorate osteoporosis. This may play an important role in preventing osteoporosis and reducing fracture risk in the elderly.</p>","PeriodicalId":19052,"journal":{"name":"mSphere","volume":" ","pages":"e0103924"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell differentiation controls iron assimilation in the choanoflagellate <i>Salpingoeca rosetta</i>.","authors":"Fredrick Leon, Jesus M Espinoza-Esparza, Vicki Deng, Maxwell C Coyle, Sarah Espinoza, David S Booth","doi":"10.1128/msphere.00917-24","DOIUrl":"10.1128/msphere.00917-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marine microeukaryotes have evolved diverse cellular features that link their life histories to surrounding environments. How those dynamic life histories intersect with the ecological functions of microeukaryotes remains a frontier to understanding their roles in critical biogeochemical cycles. Choanoflagellates, phagotrophs that cycle nutrients through filter feeding, provide models to explore this intersection, for many choanoflagellate species transition between life history stages by differentiating into distinct cell types. Here, we report that cell differentiation in the marine choanoflagellate <i>Salpingoeca rosetta</i> endows one of its cell types with the ability to utilize insoluble ferric colloids. These colloids are a predominant form of iron in marine environments and are largely inaccessible to cell-walled microbes. Therefore, choanoflagellates and other phagotrophic eukaryotes may serve critical ecological roles by cycling this essential nutrient through iron utilization pathways. We found that <i>S. rosetta</i> can utilize these ferric colloids via the expression of a cytochrome b561 iron reductase (<i>cytb561a</i>). This gene and its mammalian ortholog, the duodenal cytochrome b561 (<i>DCYTB</i>) that reduces ferric cations for uptake in gut epithelia, belong to a subgroup of cytochrome b561 proteins with distinct biochemical features that contribute to iron reduction activity. Overall, our findings provide insight into the ecological roles choanoflagellates perform and inform reconstructions of early animal evolution where functionally distinct cell types became an integrated whole at the origin of animal multicellularity.</p><p><strong>Importance: </strong>This study examines how cell differentiation in a choanoflagellate enables the uptake of iron, an essential nutrient. Choanoflagellates are widespread, aquatic microeukaryotes that are the closest living relatives of animals. Similar to their animal relatives, we found that the model choanoflagellate, <i>S. rosetta</i>, divides metabolic functions between distinct cell types. One cell type uses an iron reductase to acquire ferric colloids, a key source of iron in the ocean. We also observed that <i>S. rosetta</i> has three variants of this reductase, each with distinct biochemical properties that likely lead to differences in how they reduce iron. These reductases are variably distributed across ocean regions, suggesting a role for choanoflagellates in cycling iron in marine environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19052,"journal":{"name":"mSphere","volume":" ","pages":"e0091724"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143502862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-scale CRISPR/Cas9 screening reveals the role of <i>PSMD4</i> in colibactin-mediated cell cycle arrest.","authors":"Michael W Dougherty, Ryan M Hoffmann, Maria C Hernandez, Yougant Airan, Raad Z Gharaibeh, Seth B Herzon, Ye Yang, Christian Jobin","doi":"10.1128/msphere.00692-24","DOIUrl":"10.1128/msphere.00692-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colibactin is a genotoxic secondary metabolite produced by certain <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> strains that populate the intestine and produces a specific mutational signature in human colonocytes. However, the host pathways involved in colibactin response remain unclear. To address this gap, we performed genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screens and RNA sequencing utilizing live <i>pks⁺</i> bacteria and a synthetic colibactin analog. We identified 20 enriched genes with a MAGeCK score of >2.0 in both screens, including proteasomal subunits (e.g., <i>PSMG4</i> and <i>PSMD4</i>), RNA processing factors (e.g., <i>SF1</i> and <i>PRPF8</i>), and RNA polymerase III (e.g., <i>CRCP</i>), and validated the role of <i>PSMD4</i> in colibactin sensitization. <i>PSMD4</i> knockout in HEK293T and HT-29 cells promoted cell viability and ameliorated G2-M cell cycle arrest but did not affect the amount of phosphorylated H2AX foci after exposure to synthetic colibactin 742. Consistent with these observations, <i>PSMD4</i>^-/- cells had a significantly higher colony formation rate and bigger colony size than control cells after 742 exposure. These findings suggest that <i>PSMD4</i> regulates cell cycle arrest following colibactin-induced DNA damage and that cells with <i>PSMD4</i> deficiency may continue to replicate despite DNA damage, potentially increasing the risk of malignant transformation.</p><p><strong>Importance: </strong>Colibactin has been implicated as a causative agent of colorectal cancer. However, colibactin-producing bacteria are also present in many healthy individuals, leading to the hypothesis that some aspects of colibactin regulation or host response dictate the molecule's carcinogenic potential. Elucidating the host-response pathways involved in dictating cell fate after colibactin intoxication has been difficult, partially due to an inability to isolate the molecule. This study provides the first high-throughput CRISPR/Cas9 screening to identify genes conferring colibactin sensitivity. Here, we utilize both bacterial infection and a synthetic colibactin analog to identify genes directly involved in colibactin response. These findings provide insight into how differences in gene expression may render certain individuals more vulnerable to colibactin-initiated tumor formation after DNA damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":19052,"journal":{"name":"mSphere","volume":" ","pages":"e0069224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motility-dependent processes in <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> tachyzoites and bradyzoites: same same but different.","authors":"Robyn S Kent, Gary E Ward","doi":"10.1128/msphere.00855-24","DOIUrl":"10.1128/msphere.00855-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During infection, <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> tachyzoites must be able to move in order to migrate through tissues, cross biological barriers, and penetrate into and egress from cells they infect. Bradyzoite-stage parasites, which establish infection in naïve hosts, also require motility to escape from cysts after they are ingested and to subsequently migrate to the gut wall, where they either invade cells of the intestinal epithelium or squeeze between these cells to infect the underlying tissue. Little is known about the motility of bradyzoites, which we analyze in detail here and compare to the well-characterized motility and motility-dependent processes of tachyzoites. Unexpectedly, bradyzoites were found to be as motile as tachyzoites in a three-dimensional model extracellular matrix, and they showed increased invasion into and transmigration across monolayers of certain cell types, consistent with their need to establish infection in the gut. The motility of the two stages was inhibited to the same extent by cytochalasin D and KNX-002, compounds known to target the parasite's actomyosin-based motor. Other compounds that impact tachyzoite motility (tachyplegin and enhancer 5) have a reduced effect on bradyzoites. Furthermore, rapid bradyzoite egress from infected cells is not triggered by treatment with calcium ionophores, as it is with tachyzoites. The similarities and differences between these two life cycle stages highlight the need to characterize both tachyzoites and bradyzoites for a more complete understanding of the role of motility in the parasite life cycle and the effect that motility-targeting therapeutics will have on disease establishment and progression.</p><p><strong>Importance: </strong><i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> is a parasite that chronically infects around one-third of the world's population. <i>Toxoplasma</i> uses motility for multiple purposes during infection, including extracellular migration, invasion into host cells, and host cell egress. These motility-dependent processes have been extensively studied in the life cycle stage responsible for acute infection, the tachyzoite. In contrast, motility and motility-dependent processes are poorly understood in bradyzoite-stage parasites, which are responsible for both establishing infection after consumption of infected meat and initiating potentially life-threatening reactivated infections in the brains of immunocompromised individuals. We show here that the motility and motility-dependent processes of bradyzoites are similar in many respects to those of tachyzoites but markedly different in others. The results of this study highlight the need to consider both life cycle stages in attempts to develop drugs targeting parasite motility and the signaling processes that regulate motility-dependent processes during infection by these important human pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":19052,"journal":{"name":"mSphere","volume":" ","pages":"e0085524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virus-induced perturbations in the mouse microbiome are impacted by microbial experience.","authors":"Shanley N Roach, Wendy Phillips, Lauren M Pross, Autumn E Sanders, Mark J Pierson, Ryan C Hunter, Ryan A Langlois","doi":"10.1128/msphere.00563-24","DOIUrl":"10.1128/msphere.00563-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The bacterial microbiome has a major impact on health and can shape metabolism, host tolerance, immune responses, and the outcome of future infections. The bacterial microbiome is highly variable between individuals. Specific pathogen-free animals have reduced microbiome diversity, making it difficult to evaluate the impact of infection-induced microbiome disruption that would be observed in free-living animals, including people. Mice are commonly used as a preclinical model but unfortunately often fail to predict translation success or failure, particularly for immune and infectious disease-targeting therapies. Here, we utilize pet store mouse cohoused \"dirty\" mice with diverse microbial experience to explore how host variability and infection may be interacting to drive unique microbiome changes. We found that cohoused animals had significantly increased bacterial diversity in the small intestine and cecum but not in the large intestine. There were differentially abundant taxa between clean and dirty animals in all three tissues. After infection with influenza A virus, samples clustered by both housing condition and infection status in the cecum and large intestine, while small intestine samples clustered predominantly by infection. Altogether, these results highlight the differential impact of housing, infection, and interaction between the two in dictating community composition across the gastrointestinal microbiome.IMPORTANCETraditionally housed pathogen-free mouse models do not fully capture the natural variability observed among human microbiomes, which may underlie their poor translationally predictive value. Understanding the difference between pathogen-induced shifts in the bacterial microbiome and natural microbiome variance is a major hurdle to determining bacterial biomarkers of disease. It is also critical to understand how diverse baseline microbiomes may be differentially impacted by infection and contribute to disease. Pet store cohoused \"dirty\" mice have diverse microbial experiences and microbiomes, allowing us to evaluate how baseline variation, infection, and interaction between the two impact the microbiome.</p>","PeriodicalId":19052,"journal":{"name":"mSphere","volume":" ","pages":"e0056324"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of diet-linked amino acid pool influence on <i>Fusobacterium</i> spp. growth and metabolism.","authors":"Avery V Robinson, Sarah J Vancuren, Massimo Marcone, Emma Allen-Vercoe","doi":"10.1128/msphere.00789-24","DOIUrl":"10.1128/msphere.00789-24","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The genus &lt;i&gt;Fusobacterium&lt;/i&gt; contains multiple proteolytic opportunistic pathogens that have been increasingly linked to colorectal cancer (CRC). \"Oncomicrobes\" such as these fusobacterial species within the gut microbiota may contribute to CRC onset and/or progression. Protein-rich diets may both directly increase CRC risk and enrich for proteolytic oncomicrobes, including &lt;i&gt;Fusobacterium&lt;/i&gt; spp. Individual food substrates vary in amino acid content, and released amino acid content that is not absorbed in the small intestine may influence the growth of colonic proteolytic fermenters. Fusobacteria such as &lt;i&gt;Fusobacterium&lt;/i&gt; spp. are known to preferentially metabolize certain amino acids. As such, some foods may better support the growth of these species within the colonic environment than others. To explore this, in this study, we created free amino acid pools (FAAPs) to represent proportions of amino acids in major proteins of three common dietary protein sources (soy, beef, and bovine milk). Growth curves were generated for 39 &lt;i&gt;Fusobacterium&lt;/i&gt; spp. strains cultured in a dilute medium supplemented with each of the three FAAPs. Thereafter, amino acid use by 31 of the 39 &lt;i&gt;Fusobacterium&lt;/i&gt; spp. strains in each FAAP treatment was assessed. FAAP supplementation increased growth metrics of all &lt;i&gt;Fusobacterium&lt;/i&gt; spp. strains tested; however, the strains varied greatly in terms of the FAAP(s) generating the greatest increase in growth. Furthermore, the amino acid utilization strategy was highly variable between strains of &lt;i&gt;Fusobacterium&lt;/i&gt; spp. Neither growth metrics nor amino acid utilization could be explained by species classification of &lt;i&gt;Fusobacterium&lt;/i&gt; spp. strains. This report expands upon the previous knowledge of fusobacterial amino acid metabolism and indicates that proteolytic oncomicrobial activity should be assessed in the context of available protein sources.IMPORTANCE&lt;i&gt;Fusobacterium&lt;/i&gt; spp. including &lt;i&gt;F. animalis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;F. nucleatum&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;F. vincentii&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;F. polymorphum&lt;/i&gt; are common oral commensals with emerging importance in diseases across multiple body sites, including CRC. CRC lesions associated with fusobacteria tend to result in poorer prognosis and increased disease recurrence. While &lt;i&gt;Fusobacterium&lt;/i&gt; spp. are thought to colonize after tumorigenesis, little is known about the factors that facilitate this colonization. Protein-rich diets yielding readily metabolized free amino acids within the colon may promote the growth of proteolytic fermenters such as fusobacteria. Here, we show that variable concentrations of free amino acids within pools that represent different dietary protein sources differentially influence fusobacterial growth, including CRC-relevant strains of &lt;i&gt;Fusobacterium&lt;/i&gt; spp. This work highlights the high degree of variation in fusobacterial amino acid utilization patterns and suggests differing proportions of dietary amino acids that reach the colon could influenc","PeriodicalId":19052,"journal":{"name":"mSphere","volume":" ","pages":"e0078924"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the impacts of temperature and precipitation on antimicrobial resistance in wastewater: theory, modeling, observation, and limitations.","authors":"Carly Ching, Indorica Sutradhar, Muhammad H Zaman","doi":"10.1128/msphere.00947-24","DOIUrl":"10.1128/msphere.00947-24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Changing climate may contribute to increased antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly in wastewater which acts as a reservoir for resistant bacteria. Here, we determined how applying climate dependencies to our previously published model, rooted in theory, impacts computational simulations of AMR in wastewater. We found AMR levels were reduced at lower temperatures but increased with lower precipitation. The impact of precipitation on AMR was more pronounced at higher temperatures compared to lower temperatures. To validate our model, we investigated associations between total AMR gene abundance in wastewater from the Global Sewage Surveillance project and mean temperature and rainfall values extracted from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forcasts Reanalysis v5 (ERA5) reanalysis. We observed similar trends between the simulations and observations. Observations and simulations from our study can inform experiments to determine causal relationships as well as help identify other key drivers. We also discuss study challenges given the complex nature of AMR in the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19052,"journal":{"name":"mSphere","volume":" ","pages":"e0094724"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"mSphere of Influence: The ever-expanding universe of parasite cell biology.","authors":"Benjamin Liffner","doi":"10.1128/msphere.00043-25","DOIUrl":"10.1128/msphere.00043-25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ben Liffner studies the cell biology of apicomplexan parasites. In this mSphere of Influence article, he reflects on two key papers: \"Three-dimensional ultrastructure of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> throughout cytokinesis\" by R. M. Rudlaff, S. Kraemer, J. Marshman, J. D. Dvorin, et al. (PLoS Pathog 16:e1008587, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008587) and \"Expansion microscopy provides new insights into the cytoskeleton of malaria parasites including the conservation of a conoid\" by E. Bertiaux, A. C. Balestra, L. Bournonville, V. Louvel, et al. (PLoS Biol 19:e3001020, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001020). These two studies provided Ben with the conceptual framework to understand how parasites are organized in three dimensions, and the technique of ultrastructure expansion microscopy that he has since used to investigate this intriguing area of biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19052,"journal":{"name":"mSphere","volume":" ","pages":"e0004325"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}