Nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Acid-dependent oxidation mechanisms on single-walled carbon nanotubes analyzed by photoinduced force microscopy.","authors":"Kaori Fujii, Kazufumi Kobashi, Satoko Morita, Takahiro Morimoto, Toshiya Okazaki","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae4fc4","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae4fc4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study employs photo-induced force microscopy (PiFM) and Raman spectroscopy to investigate how oxidative treatments (HNO₃vs HNO₃/H₂SO₄) influence functional group distribution and morphology of carbon nanotubes. Raman spectral analysis revealed distinct oxidation mechanisms introducing functional groups and structural defects between the two acid treatments. Comparison of PiFM mapping images of C-O-C (at 1100 cm^-1) and C=O containing groups (at 1730 cm^-1) between the two treatments further highlighted these differences: mixed acid oxidation induced localized carbonyl formation and tube shortening, while HNO₃treatment resulted in longitudinal functionalization that preserves tube length.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147434421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-capped gold nanoparticles in rats: impact of free PEG pre-administration.","authors":"Ruba S Darweesh, Toqa M Alnuaimi, Aref L Zayed, Alaaldin M Alkilany","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae4fc9","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae4fc9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-capped gold nanoparticles (PEG-AuNPs) are of great interest for targeted drug delivery and targeted delivery of chemotherapy due to their biocompatibility and ability to evade detection by the immune system. However, with repeated administration, the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon can significantly reduce the circulation time of nanoparticles and alter key pharmacokinetic parameters. This study aims to evaluate whether pretreatment with free PEG before the administration of PEG-AuNPs can improve their pharmacokinetics and reduce the ABC effect, compared to the administration of PEG-AuNPs alone. AuNPs were synthesized using the Turkevich-Frens method, PEGylated, and characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential (ZP) measurement, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The synthesized PEG-AuNPs were spherical with a core diameter of 19.54 ± 1.758 nm. To evaluate the effect of free PEG, two groups of rats were given an initial dose of PEG-AuNPs. Both groups then received a second dose, but only the second group was pretreated with free PEG before PEG-AuNPs administration. Gold concentrations in plasma and various organs were quantified using a validated inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method, and pharmacokinetic parameters were subsequently determined. The ABC index confirmed the presence of the ABC phenomenon when comparing the first and the second doses of PEG-AuNPs. Unexpectedly, pretreatment with free PEG did not significantly alter the pharmacokinetic parameters (<i>C</i>_max,<i>t</i>_max, and<i>t</i>_0.5;<i>p</i>> 0.05) compared to the condition without pretreatment with free PEG. Accumulation of PEG-AuNPs in the liver and spleen increased by (6-7) and (2-3)-fold, respectively, after the administration of the second dose, compared to the first dose, which is consistent with the concept of the ABC phenomenon. In conclusion, under the experimental conditions of this study, the strategy of pretreatment with free PEG before the second dose did not significantly alleviate the effect of the ABC phenomenon in the context of PEG-AuNPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147434378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of the top antireflection films on the performance of blue micro-LEDs.","authors":"Shouqiang Lai, Youcai Deng, Guangmin Zhang, Yan Huang, Dengkai Zhang, Jiayin Zhuang, Bao Liu, Guizhu Lu, Jinmi He, Zhongxu Liu, Zhong Chen, Tingzhu Wu","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae4fc8","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae4fc8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this work, we have fabricated the blue micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) with 0, 8, 10 and 12 periods of SiO₂/TiO₂ anti-reflection (AR) films by using the technology of atomic layer deposition. In addition, by measuring the properties of these AR films and the optoelectronic performance of these micro-LEDs, the impacts of these AR films for these micro-LEDs have been analyzed. For the poorer thermal dissipation characteristics of SiO₂ and TiO₂ than that of air, there would be lower resistance in the micro-LEDs with more periods of AR films under high current injected condition. In addition, the optical properties of these AR films result in the higher external quantum efficiency in the micro-LEDs with more periods of AR films, and the light distribution of micro-LEDs with 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 periods of AR films has been analyzed by using the FDTD software. Moreover, the junction-temperature rise and the stability of these micro-LEDs has been investigated by using the 1000 h accelerating aging test under (85 °C/85% humidity) under the injection current of 40 mA, these results indicate that AR films have excellent reliability under 85 °C and 85% humidity conditions, and the deposition of AR films would result in the poorer thermal behavior in micro-LEDs. We hope these findings could give reference for the fabrication of high-performance micro-LEDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147434367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuned synthesis of carbon spheres from resorcinol-formaldehyde resins for effective Cd(II) removal.","authors":"Danni Shen, Huiting Jiao, Mengke Cui","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae55ab","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ae55ab","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the tunable synthesis of resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) resins from resorcinol and formaldehyde, with ammonia as a catalyst, was investigated. RF resins with uniform sphere sizes were successfully prepared by optimizing the concentrations of resorcinol and ammonia. The resin spheres were subsequently carbonized into amorphous carbon spheres with slightly smaller diameters. The selection of reaction parameters enabled the adjustment of RF carbon sphere (RFCS) diameters within the range of 179 to 1546 nm. The prepared RFCSs exhibited type I adsorption isotherms, and the pore size distribution was dominated by micropores (1.9-1.6 nm), with a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of 479-650 m2/g. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of amorphous carbon with a high defect density in RFCSs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated incomplete carbonization of RF resins, resulting in the retention of a substantial number of functional groups on their surfaces. Adsorption tests showed that RFCSs synthesized with 0.6 mL ammonia and 1.2 g resorcinol at the carbonization temperature of 800 °C exhibited the highest adsorption capacity for Cd(II) (813 mg/g), demonstrating their potential as effective adsorbents for heavy metal removal from wastewater. In conclusion, RFCSs are promising as an excellent matrix material for further modification and performance enhancement across diverse applications due to their regular spherical shape, adjustable pore size, hydrophobic surface, outstanding performance and low-cost preparation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147504392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and sensing performance of a highly sensitive room-temperature NO₂ gas sensor based on few-layer Ti₃C₂ MXene/WO₃ nanoparticle composites.","authors":"Lingyuan Zeng, Kun Yang, Pengya Zhang, Xiaochun Wei, Binsheng Li, Shuwei Li, Kaidong Wu, Xiaoqiang Yang","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae5111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ae5111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>NO₂ is a highly irritating toxic gas that poses risks to respiratory health, and its concentration fluctuations in exhaled breath are associated with respiratory diseases such as asthma. Thus, developing high-performance room-temperature NO₂ gas sensors is of great practical significance. In this study, a room-temperature NO₂ gas sensor based on few-layer Ti₃C₂ MXene/WO₃ nanoparticles composites was developed. WO₃ nanoparticles were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method and physically mixed with few-layer Ti₃C₂ MXene. The crystal structure, surface morphology, and NO₂ sensing performance of the composite materials were characterized. The results show that the optimized Ti₃C₂ MXene/WO₃ composites exhibited excellent gas-sensing properties with a response of 8.3 (<i>dR</i>/<i>R</i>_a) to 1 ppm NO₂, which is 23 times higher than that of pure WO₃ (response of 0.36). Further tests verified that the optimized sensor had excellent repeatability, long-term stability, and good selectivity. This work demonstrates the potential of the WO₃/Ti₃C₂ MXene composite for room-temperature NO₂ detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":"37 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147499654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced photoluminescence from functionalized MoS₂quantum dots embedded in polyvinylpyrrolidone fibers.","authors":"Jo-Wen Ting, Tran Thi Be Lan, Yu-Chieh Cheng, Yu-Ting Chen, An-Cheng Aidan Sun, Ching-Hsueh Chiu, Ji-Lin Shen","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae4fc3","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae4fc3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MoS₂ quantum dots (QDs) functionalized with diethylenetriamine (DETA) were synthesized using a pulsed laser ablation. The DETA-functionalized MoS₂ QDs were further embedded in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) fibers through an electrospinning process. Compared to the DETA-functionalized MoS₂ QDs, the DETA-functionalized MoS₂QDs/PVP fibers exhibit an increase in the photoluminescence (PL) with an enhancement as high as 9.5-fold. On the basis of FTIR measurements, incorporation of the DETA-functionalized QDs into PVP fibers forms hydrogen bonds between amine groups of the QDs and carbonyl groups in PVP. The hydrogen bonding in the QDs/PVP fibers passivates the defects on the QD surface, enhancing the PL intensity in QDs. From the temperature-dependent PL studies, the QDs embedded in PVP fibers exhibit good thermal stability, which is advantageous for potential applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147434410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of hybrid heterostructures for energy harvesting applications.","authors":"Ioannis Syngelakis, Emmanouil G Manidakis, Chrysa Aivalioti, George Kenanakis, Nikolaos T Pelekanos, Elias Aperathitis","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae4fc6","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae4fc6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In an attempt to identify solutions to advance net-zero energy activities and accelerate the deployment of cutting-edge low-carbon technologies, hybrid approaches for solar energy harvesting and engineering materials have been developed. In this study, two different forms of TiO₂were synthesized and applied as electron transport layers (ETL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In addition, double-doped sputtered NiO was used and the fabricated NiO/TiO₂heterostructures were examined for their photocatalytic activities against the decolorization of methylene blue (MB). The two forms of TiO₂were the one-dimensional (1D) TiO₂nanorods (TiO₂-NRs), synthesized using a hydrothermal technique, and the three-dimensional (3D) mesoporous TiO₂(m-TiO₂) synthesized by spin-coating. The PSC formed by the 1D TiO₂-NRs as ETL showed the same open-circuit voltage under solar illumination but twice the short-circuit current when compared to the PSC having the conventional m-TiO₂as ETL. The photocatalytic activity of the 1D NiO/TiO₂-NRs heterostructure was 23 wt% faster than the respective 3D NiO/TiO₂one, while inducing about 83 wt% more MB degradation. These effects were attributed to the different effective surface areas and the diode properties of the NiO/TiO₂heterostructures. The presented results provide a direct comparison between heterostructures synthesized via hybrid routes for optoelectronic applications in the fields of energy harvesting and photocatalysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147434426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interface enhancement and tunable electromagnetic properties of vertically aligned N-doped carbon nanotube arrays/polydimethylsiloxane composites.","authors":"O V Sedelnikova, D V Gorodetskiy, A G Paddubskaya, N I Valynets, S A Maksimenko, L G Bulusheva, A V Okotrub","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae4ef1","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae4ef1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we investigated the impact of nitrogen doping of vertically-aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) arrays on their interaction with an elastomeric polymer. Specifically, we synthesized undoped and N-doped VACNT (N-VACNT) arrays and examined the direct current (DC) conductivity, terahertz (THz) responses, and elastic properties of their polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-impregnated composites. Structural diagnostics confirmed that incorporating approximately 1 at% nitrogen yielded mechanically stiff N-CNTs with superior ordering within the array compared to undoped VACNT array. This structural enhancement led to significantly improved conductivity and THz shielding efficiency in N-VACNT/PDMS composites. For instance, a 70<i>µ</i>m-thick N-VACNT array impregnated with PDMS achieved a transmittance of 10^-3, comparable with the value for an impregnated 200<i>µ</i>m-thick undoped array. Despite exhibiting lower ultimate tensile strains (40% for N-VACNT/PDMS vs 70% for VACNT/PDMS), the N-VACNT/PDMS composites provided a broader conductivity and transmittance modulation window with less deformation. Under initial tension, undoped and N-doped PDMS-impregnated arrays showed distinct electrical and THz behaviors. While VACNT/PDMS composites suffered from permanent conductivity loss and material rearrangement upon initial stretching, N-VACNT/PDMS composites displayed fully reversible DC conductivity and a stable THz response over repeated stretch-release cycles. Density functional theory calculations revealed that graphite-like and pyridine-like nitrogen atoms in the nanotube walls enhance the adsorption of PDMS chains. Stronger interfacial bonding, combined with the superior ordering of stiff N-VACNTs, enables complete recovery of the N-VACNT/PDMS composite structure and its electromagnetic response after deformation. These results highlight the key role of nitrogen doping in tailoring both the nanoscale structure and performance of CNT-elastomer composites. The N-VACNT/PDMS system thus emerges as a leading candidate for stretchable THz components and other applications requiring stable, reversible electromechanical response, paving the way for advanced tunable sensors and functional composites.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147390523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ACE2-functionalized perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions block SARS-CoV-2 D614G variant and serve as oxygen carriers.","authors":"Ian Peng, Soha Alkhaldi, Ching-An Peng","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae5110","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae5110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe COVID-19 is characterized by viral propagation and acute respiratory distress syndrome, often necessitating mechanical ventilation with associated complications. We designed a dual-function nanoemulsion to combat both issues simultaneously. Perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB) nanoemulsions, stabilized by DSPE-PEG₂₀₀₀-biotin, were functionalized with recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-core streptavidin fusion proteins. These ACE2-tethered nanoparticles act as decoys, effectively binding and neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein pseudotyped lentivirus (D614G variant)<i>in vitro</i>, blocking infection of ACE2-expressing HEK293T cells by up to 99%. Concurrently, the high oxygen solubility of the PFOB core offers significant potential for oxygen delivery. This ACE2-anchored oxygen carrier nanoemulsion represents a promising therapeutic strategy against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants by inhibiting viral entry and mitigating hypoxia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147444301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrathin boron nanoribbons: stability, conductivity, and edge magnetism.","authors":"Subrata Rakshit, Nevill Gonzalez Szwacki","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae4fc5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ae4fc5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a systematic density functional theory study of ultrathin boron nanoribbons (BNRs), revealing a rich interplay between structural stability, electronic transport, and magnetism. Two distinct families are considered: compact<i>s</i>-type ribbons built from triangular and square motifs, and<i>sh</i>-type ribbons containing larger polygonal voids. The<i>s</i>-type members exhibit the highest binding energies and electrical conductivities, while selected<i>sh</i>-type structures display distinctive electronic features, including a Dirac-like band crossing. Most BNRs are metallic, but<i>s</i>₄develops a gap due to quantum confinement and<i>s</i>₈becomes semiconducting only in its antiferromagnetic (AFM) ground state. The calculations further identify AFM ordering in<i>s</i>₈as robust and<i>sh</i>₃as weaker, both arising from edge<i>p</i>states in analogy to zigzag graphene nanoribbons. Together, these results demonstrate that nanoscale geometry and edge topology decisively tune the properties of BNRs, establishing them as a versatile platform for next-generation nanoelectronic and spintronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":"37 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147481194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}