Mycopathologia最新文献

{"title":"Genome-wide analysis of in vivo-evolved Candida auris reveals multidrug-resistance mechanisms","authors":"Xin-Fei Chen, Han Zhang, Ling-Li Liu, Li-Na Guo, Wen-Jing Liu, Ya-Li Liu, Ding-Ding Li, Ying Zhao, Ren-Yuan Zhu, Yi Li, Rong-Chen Dai, Shu-Ying Yu, Jin Li, Tong Wang, Hong-Tao Dou, Ying-Chun Xu","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00832-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-024-00832-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Candida auris</i>, an emerging and multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen, has led to numerous outbreaks in China. While the resistance mechanisms against azole and amphotericin B have been studied, the development of drug resistance in this pathogen remains poorly understood, particularly in <i>in vivo</i>-generated drug-resistant strains. This study employed pathogen whole-genome sequencing to investigate the epidemiology and drug-resistance mutations of <i>C. auris</i> using 16 strains isolated from two patients. Identification was conducted through Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and antimicrobial susceptibilities were assessed using broth microdilution and Sensititre YeastOne YO10. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that all isolates belonged to the South Asian lineage, displaying genetic heterogeneity. Despite low genetic variability among patient isolates, notable mutations were identified, including Y132F in <i>ERG11</i> and A585S in <i>TAC1b</i>, likely linked to increased fluconazole resistance. Strains from patient B also carried F214L in <i>TAC1</i>b, resulting in a consistent voriconazole minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 µg/mL across all isolates. Furthermore, a novel frameshift mutation in the <i>SNG1</i> gene was observed in amphotericin B-resistant isolates compared to susceptible ones. Our findings suggest the potential transmission of <i>C. auris</i> and emphasize the need to explore variations related to antifungal resistance. This involves analyzing genomic mutations and karyotypes, especially in vivo, to compare sensitive and resistant strains. Further monitoring and validation efforts are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of drug resistance in <i>C. auris</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140630778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Pathogen Spectrum of Male Genital Fungal Infections in Nanchang Area, South China","authors":"Yun Jin, Yangmin Gao, Yunpeng Luo, XiaoHua Tao, Qing Jiang, Xinyi Fan, Rui Xu, Hua Qian, Xiaoguang Li, Zhijun Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00839-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-024-00839-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cutaneous fungal infections in male genitalia are relatively rare, and often present with various atypical clinical symptoms. It was mainly reported in a small number of case reports, while data with large number of patients were rarely reported. In this study, we reported 79 male patients with cutaneous fungal infections on scrotum or penis. The fungal infections were confirmed by microscopic examination directly and fungus culture. Clinical characteristics and predisposing factors were also collected. Of these 79 patients, 72 has lesions on scrotum, 5 on penis and 2 on both scrotum and penis. <i>Trichophyton (T.) rubrum</i> is the most common pathogen, found in 50 (67.6%) patients, which presented diverse clinical manifestation such as majorly erythematous, dry diffused scaly lesions without a clear border, slightly powdery and scutular scalings. <i>Candida (C.) albicans</i> is the secondly common pathogen, found in 21 (28.4%) patients, which also presented diverse lesions such as erythematous with dry whitish scaly lesions and erythematous erosion. The predisposing factors mainly included concomitant fungal infections on sites other than genitalia, especially inguinal region (tinea cruris), application of corticosteroid and high moisture. In conclusion, cutaneous fungal infections in male genitalia could be caused by different fungi, showed atypical or mild clinical appearances in most cases and might be a fungus reservoir, emphasizing the necessity to timely perform the fungi examinations and corresponding therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140613609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Draft Genome Sequence of Candida saopaulonensis from a Very Premature Infant with Sepsis","authors":"Ya-Ting Ning, Rong-Chen Dai, Zheng-Yu Luo, Meng Xiao, Yingchun Xu, Qun Yan, Li Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00838-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-024-00838-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rare fungus <i>Candida saopaulonensis</i> has never been reported to be associated with human infection. We report the draft genome sequence of the first clinical isolate of <i>C. saopaulonensis,</i> which was isolated from a very premature infant with sepsis. This is the first genome assembly reaching the near-complete chromosomal level with structural annotation for this species, opening up avenues for exploring evolutionary patterns and genetic mechanisms of pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140575172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenic Aspergillus Strains Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility Analysis of 452 Cases with Otomycosis in Jingzhou, China","authors":"Dan Peng, Aimin Li, Mengdan Kong, Chenggang Mao, Yi Sun, Min Shen","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00836-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-024-00836-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objective</h3><p>To study the distribution of pathogenic <i>Aspergillus</i> strains of otomycosis in central China and the identification of their antifungal sensitivity.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We collected external ear canal secretions clinically diagnosed as otomycosis from April 2020 to January 2023 from the Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery in central China. The pathogenic <i>Aspergillus</i> strains were identified through morphological examination and sequencing. The antifungal sensitivity was performed using the broth microdilution method described in the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute document M38-A3.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>In the 452 clinical strains isolated from the external ear canal, 284 were identified as <i>Aspergillus terreus</i> (62.83%), 92 as <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> (20.35%), 55 as <i>Aspergillus niger</i> (12.17%). In antifungal susceptibility tests the MIC of <i>Aspergillus</i> strains to bifonazole and clotrimazole was high,all the MIC90 is &gt; 16 ug/mL. However, most <i>Aspergillus</i> isolates show moderate greatly against terbinafine, itraconazole and voriconazole.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p><i>A. terreus</i> is the most common pathogenic <i>Aspergillus</i> strain in otomycosis in central China. The selected topical antifungal drugs were bifonazole and clotrimazole; the drug resistance rate was approximately 30%. If the infection is persistent and requires systemic treatment, terbinafine and itraconazole can be used. The resistance of <i>Aspergillus</i> in otomycosis to voriconazole should be screened to avoid the systemic spread of infection in immunocompromised people and poor compliance with treatment. However, the pan-azole-resistant strain of <i>Aspergillus</i> should be monitored, particularly in high-risk patients with otomycosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140574981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pruritic Erythema in a Child with Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Disease","authors":"Qi-Hao Yao, Xiu-Jiao Xia, Hui-Lin Zhi, Ze-Hu Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00840-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-024-00840-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"57 12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140574984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance Profile, Terbinafine Resistance Screening and MALDI-TOF MS Identification of the Emerging Pathogen Trichophyton indotineae.","authors":"Roelke De Paepe, Anne-Cécile Normand, Silke Uhrlaß, Pietro Nenoff, Renaud Piarroux, Ann Packeu","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00835-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-024-00835-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emerging pathogen Trichophyton indotineae, often resistant to terbinafine (TRB), is known to cause severe dermatophytoses such as tinea corporis and tinea cruris. In order to achieve successful treatment for these infections, insight in the resistance profile of T. indotineae strains and rapid, reliable identification is necessary. In this research, a screening medium was tested on T. indotineae strains (n = 20) as an indication tool of TRB resistance. The obtained results were confirmed by antifungal susceptibility testing (AST) for TRB following the in vitro broth microdilution reference method. Additionally, AST was performed for eight other antifungal drugs: fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, ketoconazole, griseofulvin, ciclopirox olamine, naftifine and amorolfine. Forty-five percent of the strains were confirmed to be resistant to terbinafine. The TRB resistant strains showed elevated minimal inhibitory concentration values for naftifine and amorolfine as well. DNA sequencing of the squalene epoxidase-encoding gene showed that TRB resistance was a consequence of missense point mutations in this gene, which led to amino acid substitutions F397L or L393F. MALDI-TOF MS was used as a quick, accurate identification tool for T. indotineae, as it can be challenging to distinguish it from closely related species such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes or Trichophyton interdigitale using morphological characteristics. While MALDI-TOF MS could reliably identify ≥ 95% of the T. indotineae strains (depending on the spectral library), it could not be used to successfully distinguish TRB susceptible from TRB resistant strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"189 2","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10940462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140132083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deoxynivalenol Damages Corneal Epithelial Cells and Exacerbates Inflammatory Response in Fungal Keratitis.","authors":"Qi Shi, QingQing Li, Changlin Wu, Shisi Ma, Chunlan Liang, Xiaoyi Fan, Jingxiang Zhong, Lian Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00829-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-024-00829-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fungal keratitis (FK) is a kind of infectious keratopathy with a high rate of blindness worldwide. Deoxynivalenol (DON) has been proven to have multiple toxic effects on humans and animals.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to explore a possible pathogenic role of DON in FK.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We first made an animal model of FK in New Zealand white rabbits, and then attempted to detect DON in a culture medium in which Fusarium solani had been grown and also in the corneal tissue of the animal model of Fusarium solani keratitis. Next, a model of DON damage in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) was constructed to evaluate effects of DON on the activity, migration ability, cell cycle, and apoptosis in the HCECs. Then, putative the toxic damaging effects of DON on rabbit corneal epithelial cells and the impact of the repair cycle were studied. The expression levels of inflammatory factors in the corneas of the animal model and in the model of DON-damaged HCECs were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Fusarium solani strain used in this study appeared to have the potential to produce DON, since DON was detected in the corneal tissue of rabbits which had been inoculated with this Fusarium solani strain. DON was found to alter the morphology of HCECs, to reduce the activity and to inhibit the proliferation and migration of HCECs. DON also induced the apoptosis and S-phase arrest of HCECs. In addition, DON was found to damage rabbit corneal epithelial cells, to prolong the corneal epithelial regeneration cycle, and to be associated with the upregulated expression of inflammatory factors in HCECs and rabbit corneas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DON appears to have a toxic damaging effect on HCECs in FK, and to induce the expression of inflammatory factors, leading to the exacerbation of keratitis and the formation of new blood vessels. Future studies will explore the possibility of developing a test to detect DON in ophthalmic settings to aid the rapid diagnosis of FK, and to develop DON neutralizers and adsorbents which have the potential to improve keratocyte status, inhibit apoptosis, and alleviate inflammation, therein providing new thinking for therapy of clinical FK.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"189 2","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140132081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminated Superficial Dermatomycosis due to Xylaria oxyacanthae.","authors":"Sixuan Yang, Baihui Shan, Shuang Wang, Sushan Li, Fuqiu Li","doi":"10.1007/s11046-023-00810-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-023-00810-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"189 2","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140132082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cologne ECMM Excellence Center: A Two-Year Analysis of External Consultation Service for Invasive Fungal Infections","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11046-023-00822-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-023-00822-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>The European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM), formed due to the surge in invasive fungal infections (IFI), initiated the Excellence Centers program in 2016 to guide stakeholders to leading medical mycology sites. This report focuses on the Cologne ECMM Excellence Center, recognized with Diamond status for active global involvement in 2017. The center offers free consultation via email and phone, responding within 24 h for life-threatening IFI, collecting data on origin, pathogens, infection details, and more. Over two years, 189 requests were received globally, predominantly from Germany (85%), mainly involving <em>Aspergillus</em> spp., Mucorales, and <em>Candida</em> spp. Fungal mixed infections occurred in 4% of cases. The center's service effectively addresses IFI challenges, advocating for a comprehensive study encompassing all ECMM Excellence Centers to enhance global mycological care. Proactive expansion of consultancy platforms is crucial, with future analyses needed to assess expert advice's impact on patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"283 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140097781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ECMM Center of Excellence: A Shared Vision for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Fungal Infections.","authors":"Martin Hoenigl, Cornelia Lass-Flörl, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Vishnu Chaturvedi","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00833-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-024-00833-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"189 2","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140101975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}