Mycopathologia最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Mortality of Fungal Bloodstream Infection: 14 Years of Experience at a Teaching Hospital.","authors":"Júlia Pongrácz, Tamás Szabó, Emese Juhász, Miklós Iván, Katalin Kristóf","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00965-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-025-00965-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungal bloodstream infection is a severe condition associated with high mortality rates. Major risk factors of fungal bloodstream infection (BSI) include immunosuppression, abdominal surgery and malignancy. The epidemiology and underlying morbidities vary by geographic region and institute. We analyzed the species distribution, antifungal susceptibility, risk factors and mortality of fungal bloodstream infection at our institute over a 14-year period. Four-hundred and fourteen episodes were detected, and the average annual incidence was 0.23/1000 admissions. The most frequent species was Candida albicans (54%), followed by C. glabrata (16%). Abdominal surgery (48.3%), a solid tumor (31.4%), and immunosuppression (26.3%) were identified as major risk factors. Abdominal surgery was more prevalent in patients suffering from BSI caused by C. albicans or C. glabrata. C. tropicalis and C. albicans were associated with increased mortality in patients with neutropenia and/or immunosuppression. Azole prophylaxis in patients suffering from a hematologic malignancy or who recently had undergone organ transplantation increased the risk of C. krusei BSI. Overall 30-day mortality was 45.7% in any fungal BSI. Mortality of C. tropicalis BSI (59.4%) was the highest. Acquired antifungal resistance was not detected during the study period.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 4","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis in People Living with HIV: An Uncommon and Under-Recognized Association.","authors":"Vítor Falcão de Oliveira, Joshua Araújo Viana, Beatriz Nobre Monteiro Paiatto, Julia Ferreira Mari, Marcio Valente Yamada Sawamura, Mariane Taborda, Adriana Satie Gonçalves Kono Magri, André Nathan Costa, Marcello Mihailenko Chaves Magri","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00960-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-025-00960-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a progressive fungal disease that primarily affects individuals with preexisting lung conditions. The clinical presentation, radiological characteristics, and outcomes of CPA in people living with HIV (PLHIV) remain poorly understood. We conducted a retrospective study at Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, Brazil, reviewing medical records of CPA patients from January 2010 to November 2024. HIV-infected and HIV-negative CPA patients were compared in terms of clinical features, diagnostic findings, treatment strategies, and outcomes. CPA diagnosis was based on European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases and European Respiratory Society criteria. A total of 96 CPA patients were included, of whom 8 (8%) were PLHIV. Compared to HIV-negative patients, PLHIV were younger (median age: 44 vs. 52 years, p = 0.13) and more likely to have active pulmonary TB (38% vs. 4.5%, p = 0.013). Itraconazole was the most used antifungal in both groups (57% vs. 79%, p = 0.2). One-year mortality also did not differ significantly between PLHIV and HIV-negative patients (13% vs. 4%, p = 0.3). Notably, 50% of PLHIV experienced clinical failure despite prolonged antifungal therapy and/or surgery. In conclusion, CPA in PLHIV is frequently associated with active TB and presents with a high rate of clinical failure despite treatment. Our findings highlight the need for optimized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for CPA in this under-recognized population. Further prospective studies are warranted to better define prognostic factors and improve management approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 4","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Global Analysis of Cases of Mucormycosis Recorded in the European Confederation of Medical Mycology / International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ECMM / ISHAM) Zygomyco.net Registry from 2009 to 2022.","authors":"Anna Skiada, Maria Drogari-Apiranthitou, Emmanuel Roilides, Jagdish Chander, Sofya Khostelidi, Nikolai Klimko, Petr Hamal, Vanda Chrenkova, Souha S Kanj, Saeed El Zein, Katrien Lagrou, Cornelia Lass-Flörl, Aleksandra Barac, Somayeh Dolatabadi, Stefan Zimmerli, Ali Rezaei- Matehkolaei, Elias Iosifidis, Loizos Petrikkos, Maria Kourti, Karin van Dijk, Anastasia Spiliopoulou, Ioannis Pavleas, Myrto Christofidou, Fabianne Carlesse, Amanda Noska, David Partridge, Ioannis D Gkegkes, Maximiliano Cattaneo, Martin Hoenigl, Mihai Mares, Ruxandra Moroti, Valentina Arsic- Arsenijevic, Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo, Thomas J Walsh, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, George Petrikkos","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00954-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-025-00954-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We analyzed mucormycosis data from the Zygomyco.net registry (2009-2022), encompassing cases from 16 countries. India, Russia and the Czech Republic provided the largest contributions. India reported the highest case number, consistent with its substantially higher incidence compared to that of high-income countries. Among the 382 patients with mucormycosis, 236 (61.8%) were male (male-to-female ratio 1.6). The median age was 48 years [interquartile range (IQR) 32-60]. There were 59 pediatric patients (median age ranging from < 1 month to 19 years). Diabetes mellitus type 2 was the most common underlying condition (39%), with significant geographic variation (> 70% of cases in India and Iran but only 6.9% in Europe). Hematologic malignancies (HM, 31.4%), the second most common underlying condition, were absent in India and Iran. The primary clinical presentations were rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM, 36.6%), pulmonary (33.2%) and cutaneous mucormycosis (17.5%). Patients with diabetes mellitus typically developed ROCM (55.9%), while pulmonary infections were more common in those with HM or hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) (47.5%, p < 0.001). Rhizopus was the leading fungal genus (58%), followed by Lichtheimia (13.7%) and Mucor (7%), with regional variations. Pulmonary infections in HM patients were linked to L. corymbifera and R. microsporus, while Apophysomyces spp. and Saksenaea spp. were more frequent in Indian healthcare-associated cutaneous cases. Concomitant infections were observed in 8.7% of patients with HM, complicating diagnosis and treatment. In most of them (57.1%), Aspergillus spp. was involved. Improved diagnostic practices, including direct microscopy and cultures, showed higher positivity rates, although PCR remained underutilized. Antifungal therapy, primarily with an amphotericin B formulation, combined with surgery, was the most common therapeutic approach. Overall mortality was high (47.8%), particularly in disseminated or advanced ROCM cases. Multivariable analysis identified older age, advanced ROCM, and HM/HCT as independent mortality risk factors (p < 0.05); whereas localized sinusitis and combined medical and surgical therapy were independently associated with improved outcomes (p < 0.006). This study underscores regional disparities in the mucormycosis epidemiology and species distribution. Improved early detection is needed, particularly in immunocompromised populations with HM. Enhanced surveillance and tailored public health strategies are crucial to address this ongoing global health threat.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 4","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial Alpha-Tubulin Gene Amplification by Nested PCR in Fresh Biological Samples and Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissues for Paracoccidioides spp. Identification.","authors":"Igor Massahiro de Souza Suguiura, Eiko Nakagawa Itano, Mario Augusto Ono","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00958-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-025-00958-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paracoccidioidomycosis is an important deep mycosis in Latin American countries. Its causative agents have been reclassified into five distinct species based on genetic differences: Paracoccidioides brasiliensis sensu stricto, Paracoccidioides americana, Paracoccidioides restrepiensis, Paracoccidioides venezuelensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii. In this study, we propose a new method, based on a nested PCR for partial alpha-tubulin gene amplification, as a tool for diagnosis and species differentiation directly from biological samples. The method could amplify the DNA of the five cultivable Paracoccidioides spp. without amplifying DNA from other fungal species such as Mucor fragilis, Histoplasma capsulatum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Sporothrix brasiliensis, and Cryptococcus neoformans. The nested PCR detected Paracoccidioides spp. from fresh and formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues of experimentally infected animals. Amplicons obtained from fresh tissues were successfully used in traditional downstream methods, such as RFLP, for Paracoccidioides spp. identification.However, amplicons from FFPE tissues exhibited several artifacts induced by formalin, which interfered with the RFLP results. DNA sequencing of these nested PCR products revealed G > T/T > G, A > T/T > A, T > C/C > T, and G > A/A > G base changes, affecting the sequence targets for enzymatic digestion.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 4","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trichophyton benhamiae Causing Periorbital Tinea in a Child.","authors":"Jorge Lindo, Paula Leal, David Caetano, João Pereira-Vaz, Anália Carmo, Margarida Gonçalo, Rui Tomé, Leonor Ramos","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00959-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-025-00959-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 4","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coccidioides Fungemia in Central California: A 10-Years Experience.","authors":"Sang Jo Hwang, Mohamed Fayed, Marilyn Mitchell, Geetha Sivasubramanian","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00961-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-025-00961-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coccidioides fungemia is an uncommon but severe manifestation of disseminated coccidioidomycosis, associated with high mortality. Despite high endemicity in California's San Joaquin Valley, recent data from this region are limited. This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of patients with Coccidioides fungemia at a Central California tertiary care center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with Coccidioides fungemia between 2015 and 2025 at Community Regional Medical Centers (CRMC) in Fresno, California. Data were collected from microbiology database and medical charts, including demographics, clinical presentation, diagnostics, treatment, and outcomes. Cases were classified based on EORTC/MSG criteria for disseminated fungal infections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven patients with C. immitis fungemia were identified. The mean age was 40 years, and 64% were male. Risk factors included advanced HIV/AIDS (3), autoimmune disease requiring corticosteroids or immunosuppressants (4), diabetes with ESRD (1), chronic alcohol use (1) and pregnancy (1). One patient had no identifiable immunosuppressive condition. Miliary pulmonary involvement and extrapulmonary dissemination occurred in 64% of cases, with multiple organ involvement in more than half. All patients had positive cultures from additional sites, including respiratory, CSF, skin, peritoneal, and reproductive tissues. Routine blood cultures were positive in only 3 patients; the remainder required fungal-specific cultures. Time to culture positivity ranged from 5 to 27 days. Despite severe presentations, over half received initial fluconazole monotherapy, and none were treated with dual antifungal therapy. Overall mortality was 91%, with 50% dying within 7 days and 80% within 30 days of documented fungemia. Most cases (9/11) represented new-onset acute infections.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Coccidioides fungemia remains a rare but ominous complication of disseminated coccidioidomycosis, even in highly endemic areas. It appears to reflect fulminant, acute infection with high fungal burden and multiorgan dissemination. The diagnostic delay associated with routine cultures and the underutilization of aggressive antifungal therapy may contribute to poor outcomes. Increased clinical vigilance, early use of fungal-specific diagnostics, and prompt initiation of amphotericin B based treatment may improve prognosis in high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 4","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exopolysaccharides of Ganoderma lucidum Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome, Modulating Phagocytes and the Response of Mice to Infection with Cryptococcus neoformans.","authors":"Pedro H M Bürgel, Raffael J A de Castro, Angelina M Basso, Luísa C Coelho, Clara L F Marina, Isaque M Siqueira, Alysia V Gonzales, Pavel Kucheryavy, Vitor H Pomin, Elaine Rosechrer Carbonero, Aldo H Tavares, Anamélia Lorenzetti Bocca","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00950-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-025-00950-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interleucin-1β (IL-1β) is a pivotal cytokine in pro-inflammatory response induction, and it is regarded as protective in various diseases. IL-1β secretion is mainly associated with activation of the inflammasome complex, which normally is tightly regulated, depending on two signals for significant activity. The water insoluble fraction of the mushroom Ganoderma lucidum was extracted and co-cultivated with murine bone-marrow macrophages. We demonstrated that G. lucidum exopolysaccharides (EPS) were able to induce IL-1β production and release in murine macrophages. The mechanisms underlying EPS-induced priming encompass recognition through dectin-1 and activation of the spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk)/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of the activated B (NF-kB) axis. In addition, EPS stimulates IL-1β secretion in a phagocytosis-dependent manner via the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in response to reactive oxygen species production, potassium efflux, phagolysosomal acidification, and cathepsin B release. Both caspase-1 and, to a lesser extent, caspase-8 were activated upon EPS stimulus and required for IL-1β cleavage and release. Lastly, EPS stimulated phagocytes' anticryptococcal activity in vitro, reducing intracellular fungal burden in dendritic cells. Moreover, oral treatment with EPS improved mice's survival in a cryptococcosis model. Our study highlighted significant stimulation by G. lucidum EPS to innate immune cells and improved its fungicidal activity, protecting the host in a murine model of infection, suggesting a potential adjuvant in antimicrobial treatment schemes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 3","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungi Matter: Aphanoascella galapagosensis Associated with Carapace Lesions in Free-Living Galapagos Tortoises.","authors":"Ainoa Nieto-Claudín, Samara Zeas-Bermeo, Ma Paz Guillén-Liger, Sharon L Deem, Carlos Sacristán, Gislayne Mendoza-Alcívar, Rodrigo Caroca-Cáceres","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00955-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-025-00955-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Galapagos giant tortoises are among the most iconic reptile species on earth; however, an increase in anthropogenic activities has created new challenges for their health and well-being. The presence of whitish lesions on the carapace of Galapagos tortoises (Chelonoidis spp.) was previously described, potentially due to fungal growths, but its etiology remained unexplored. Aiming to close this gap, we analyzed carapace scrapes from six different species of free-living giant tortoises of Santa Cruz, Isabela, San Cristobal, and Española islands. In total, we tested 145 fresh and frozen carapace scrapes from 145 individuals with carapace whitish lesions (W-L, n = 80) and without them (W-O, n = 65), using panfungal endpoint PCRs for the ITS and D1-D2 regions. Aphanoascella galapagosensis was detected in W-L samples from all tortoise species and in none of the W-O samples. Four A. galapagosensis nucleotide sequence types (ST) obtained by using the D1-D2 protocol were identified in these tortoises; ST1 was detected on Santa Cruz, Isabela, and Española Islands whereas ST2 and ST3 were only detected on Isabela, and ST4 on San Cristobal. Neodevriesia spp. and Elsinoe spp. were the most common microorganisms found in W-O samples. These results suggest that A. galapagosensis is the etiological agent of whitish lesions in tortoise carapace contributing to baseline data on carapace fungi in giant Galapagos tortoises. Further research is needed to assess the prevalence and potential pathogenicity of A. galapagosensis and its impact for the conservation of these endangered species.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 3","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal Infections in Transplant Recipients Pre- and Post-coronavirus Disease 2019: Results from a Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Tengteng Xin, Qinling Pan, Jiahao Li, Jing Zhang, Li Lin, Kitman Choi, Wenying Cai, Sha Lu, Junmin Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00957-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-025-00957-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the incidence, subtypes, and pathogens of fungal infections in transplant recipients pre- and post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and their prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from transplant recipients with fungal infections treated at our hospital between January 2005 and April 2024 were collected. Pre- and post-COVID-19 data were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3,505 transplant recipients, 203 had fungal infections, mostly in hematopoietic stem cell recipients (178 cases, 8.4%). The pre-COVID-19 incidence of fungal infections was 5.0%, with a median time from transplantation to infection of 96.5 days. The post-COVID-19 incidence was 6.3%, with a median time of 92.5 days. Before the COVID-19 outbreak, invasive fungal infections were predominant, with Candida as the outbreak, Candida, Aspergillus, Pneumocystis jirovecii, and mixed infections became more common. In addition to the oral cavity and lungs, infection sites following the COVID-19 outbreak also included the skin, blood, and intestinal tract. Twenty-six patients were treated with monotherapy, 14 of whom were treated with voriconazole. Voriconazole, sulfamethoxazole, and caspofungin are typically used in combination or sequentially for treatment. At 180 days, 1.4% of transplant recipients were aggravated before the outbreak of COVID-19, with a mortality rate of 8.2%. The proportion of exacerbations after the outbreak was 3.1%, with a mortality rate of 6.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Post-COVID-19, transplant recipients exhibited increased fungal infection incidence, broader pathogen diversity, and more frequent exacerbations. However, this was not accompanied by an increase in mortality, likely reflect both enhanced clinical surveillance and SARS-CoV-2-specific biological effects, such as immune dysregulation, endothelial damage and microbiome alterations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 3","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antigenic Similarity Between Different Paracoccidioides Species in a Murine Model of Paracoccidioidomycosis Reveals High IgG Avidity for the 70 kDa Antigen.","authors":"Igor Massahiro de Souza Suguiura, Heinrik Makoto de Souza Suguiura, Lilian Cristiane Baeza, Eiko Nakagawa Itano, Mario Augusto Ono","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00956-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-025-00956-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the new taxonomic proposal for differentiating Paracoccidioides species, many questions have emerged regarding its relevance beyond molecular analysis. Geographical distribution, pathogenesis, morphology, and virulence are still under debate to confirm the diverse genotypic profile of these species. In this study, we evaluated the serological differences of mice experimentally infected with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis sensu stricto, Paracoccidioides restrepiensis, Paracoccidioides americana, Paracoccidioides venezuelensis, and Paracoccidioides lutzii. The serological differences between the Paracoccidioides spp. were evaluated by ELISA, Western blot, and avidity Western blot using cell-free antigens (CFA) of the heterologous and homologous Paracoccidioides isolates used for the experimental infection. As expected, all Paracoccidioides spp. isolates shared several antigens that were recognized by mouse antibodies in both ELISA and Western blot. While ELISA results revealed differences in antigen recognition among isolates, these differences were not consistent at the species level. The number of bands identified in the immunoblotting varied among the isolates, with certain antigens, such as those from Pb01, a P. lutzii isolate, being less recognized across groups. We also observed overall differences in IgG avidity toward the CFA antigens. Notably, higher avidity was observed for the ~ 70 kDa antigen when compared to other antigens such as 79, 64, 54 and 43 kDa, the latter being gp43, the most studied and widely used glycoprotein for paracoccidioidomycosis immunodiagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 3","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}