Mycopathologia最新文献

{"title":"Serum Mannose-Binding Lectin Levels in Asthma and Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis.","authors":"Inderpaul Singh Sehgal, Hansraj Choudhary, Valliappan Muthu, Sahajal Dhooria, Kuruswamy Thurai Prasad, Shivaprakash M Rudramurthy, Ashutosh Nath Aggarwal, Mandeep Garg, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, Ritesh Agarwal","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00975-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-025-00975-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) contributes to innate immunity against Aspergillus fumigatus. We assessed the role of reduced MBL levels in asthma patients with and without allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). In this prospective cross-sectional study, we enrolled 154 adults: 48 with asthma, 27 with Aspergillus-sensitized asthma (ASA, A. fumigatus-IgE ≥ 0.35 kUA/L), and 79 with ABPA. Serum MBL levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Reduced MBL levels were defined using three thresholds (< 200, < 359, and < 500 ng/mL). The prevalence of reduced MBL levels did not differ significantly among the groups at any threshold. However, mean MBL levels were significantly lower in patients with ABPA (961 ng/mL) compared to asthma (1159 ng/mL) and ASA (1593 ng/mL; p = 0.048). Among ABPA patients, reduced MBL levels (≤ 359 ng/mL) were not associated with significant differences in clinical features, immunological markers, lung function, or radiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 5","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Due to COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis with Rare Extensive Tracheobronchial Pseudomembranous Involvement: A Case Report.","authors":"Liu He, Wei Wang, Danyan Cai, Xiaoshan Zhang, Xinyuan Tan","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00971-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-025-00971-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) significantly exacerbates the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients, contributing to heightened mortality. Aspergillus tracheobronchitis, a manifestation of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, specifically involves the tracheobronchial tree. According to the 2020 European Confederation of Medical Mycology/International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ECMM/ISHAM) consensus criteria, airway biopsy via bronchoscopy is the definitive method for CAPA diagnosis, underscoring its critical role in the management of COVID-19 patients. This case report describes an elderly male patient with COVID-19 who presented with extensive pseudomembranous involvement of the tracheobronchial tree, identified through bronchoscopy. The pseudomembrane, spanning from the glottis to the bronchi and characterized by its yellow-white translucency, was removed. Subsequent pathological examination and next-generation sequencing confirmed an Aspergillus infection. Despite the initiation of antifungal therapy, the patient's condition deteriorated, leading to his death.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 5","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical Luliconazole Treatment for Hyperkeratotic Tinea Pedis.","authors":"Sayaka Ohara, Hiromitsu Noguchi, Tadahiko Matsumoto, Daiki Hayashi, Kayo Kashiwada-Nakamura, Masahide Kubo, Rui Kano, Satoshi Fukushima","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00977-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-025-00977-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic hyperkeratotic tinea pedis is a treatment-resistant infection. We evaluated the efficacy of a 3-month course of topical 1% luliconazole in 21 hyperkeratotic tinea pedis patients. The diagnosis was confirmed through microscopy and culture. The lesion area was assessed monthly using a software program. Clinical responses were classified into five categories from \"cured\" to \"no change.\" Among the isolates, one terbinafine-resistant T. rubrum strain was detected. The mean lesion area decreased significantly over 3 months, with an average improvement rate of 94.1% ± 12.7% and a cure rate of 61.9%. The mean amount of luliconazole used per foot was 27.5 ± 9.7 g monthly. The resistant case showed a partial improvement with topical luliconazole and was successfully treated with oral fosravuconazole. These findings suggest that 1% topical luliconazole is effective for treating hyperkeratotic tinea pedis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 5","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Molecular Epidemiological Characteristics of 26 Bloodstream Infection Cases Caused by Candida tropicalis.","authors":"Weihong Lin, Qianyue Yang, Zhiwei Lin, Shuang Liu, Liangyan Zhang, Yueting Jiang, Jingchun Fang, Yaqin Peng, Penghao Guo","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00972-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-025-00972-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to investigate the clinical and molecular epidemiological characteristics of bloodstream infections caused by Candida tropicalis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of patients diagnosed with C. tropicalis bloodstream infections from January 2020 to December 2022. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to analyze strain homology, and mutation analysis of the ERG11 (azole resistance-associated) and FKS1 (echinocandin resistance-associated) genes was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 26 cases of C. tropicalis bloodstream infections, hematologic malignancies were the most common underlying condition, with an overall mortality rate of 38.5%. Resistance rates to voriconazole and fluconazole were 30.8%, while the isolates exhibited high susceptibility to echinocandin drugs and amphotericin B. All fluconazole-resistant strains contained mutations in the ERG11 gene, with Y132F and S154F being the most frequent mutation sites. The mortality rate in fluconazole-resistant patients (37.5%) was similar to that of susceptible or dose-dependently susceptible patients (38.8%). A total of 20 distinct sequence types (DSTs) were identified among the 26 strains, all of which were previously known, indicating significant genetic diversity. The most abundant type was DST376.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hematologic malignancies are the most common underlying disease of C. tropicalis bloodstream infections. The isolated strains demonstrate significant genetic diversity and a high level resistance to fluconazole.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 4","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12274234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144659670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming the Diagnostic Challenges in Cutaneous Cryptococcosis Caused by Cryptococcus neoformans: A Case Study Utilizing Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing.","authors":"Liujun Lu, Yulin Chen, Minfang Leng, Shuquan He, Qunlan Liu, Songyun Zou, Yueming Liu, Feixiang Fan","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00973-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-025-00973-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryptococcosis, a rare deep fungal infection, primarily affects immunocompromised individuals and carries a high mortality risk when hematogenously disseminated to the central nervous system (CNS). Cutaneous cryptococcosis poses diagnostic challenges due to its diverse and nonspecific dermatological manifestations. Traditional diagnostic methods, including mycological examination, culture, and histopathology, are time-consuming and require specialized expertise, often leading to misdiagnosis. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), an advanced molecular tool, enables rapid and unbiased pathogen identification. Here, we present the first documented case of cutaneous cryptococcosis diagnosed via mNGS, demonstrating its pivotal role in guiding timely treatment despite negative initial conventional tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 4","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144649974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Year Patient Survival After COVID-19-Associated Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis: A Multicenter Study.","authors":"Bahram Eshraghi, Behzad Khademi, Mohsen Bahmani Kashkouli, Gholamreza Khataminia, Mohammad Yaser Kiarudi, Reza Nabie, Mahdi Abounoori, Samira Chaibakhsh, Hossein Ghahvehchian, Fereshte Rastegarnasab, Mohammadmehdi Parandin, Zahra Zia, Soroush Karamirad, Soheyla Jafarpour, Mostafa Fakoor, Mojtaba Varshochi, Majid Mirmohammadkhani, Alireza Ramezani-Majd, Masoud Janipour, Atefe Mahdian Rad, Farid Shekarchian, Vahideh Manouchehri, S Mohammad Javad Sajjadi, Mohammad Etezad Razavi, Hajar Khosropour, Ali Forouhari, Fatemeh Ebrahimi, Mohsen Pourazizi","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00966-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-025-00966-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Since December 2019, a serious health crisis caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2 affected all aspects of human lives. The available data about COVID-19-associated Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis (CA-ROCM) survival issues are based on studies on small populations with limited follow-up durations. Therefore, this multicenter cohort of a large population with CA-ROCM is aiming to report the one-year survival rate and investigate the potential responsible risk factors affecting the mortality.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective, longitudinal, multicenter study included CA-ROCM patients from eight tertiary ophthalmology centers across Iran. Demographic, clinical, and therapeutic data were collected and patients were followed for a year. Survival analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards models to identify mortality-associated risk factors. The research protocol is also available on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05097664).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 246 patients, 183 (74.4%) survived within a year and 63 (25.6%) died. Significant mortality risk factors included need for orbital exenteration (HR = 3.01 vs. other treatments, p = 0.019), advanced disease stage (HR = 2.43 stage IV vs. II, p = 0.02), age (HR = 1.05, p < 0.001), and diabetes duration (HR = 1.05, p = 0.002). Paradoxically, steroid administration for COVID management was associated with improved survival (HR = 2.72 for no steroids, p = 0.018).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>COVID-19-associated Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis carries a substantial one-year survival rate of 74.4% in Iran. Age, diabetes, advanced disease stage, and need for orbital exenteration are the probable fatal risk factors. Interestingly, administration of steroids for COVID management was associated with a better survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 4","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review on the Emerging Fungal Pathogen Neoscytalidium Causing Infections Worldwide.","authors":"Juan José Enriquez-Mendez, Angel Gonzalez","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00964-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-025-00964-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scytalidiosis is a dermatomycosis caused by fungi of the genus Neoscytalidium. An increase in the number of cases at the global level has been reported. In the present study, the clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with scytalidiosis were analyzed through a systematic review of cases reported in the literature. An advanced search was conducted through four databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase, and SciELO using the terms \"Neoscytalidium\" or \"Scytalidium\". A total of 155 reports with 5,097 cases were analyzed of which 30.12% were women and 27.31% were men. A total of 37 countries reported cases of scytalidiosis. The USA, Thailand, France, Brazil, Colombia, and the UK had the highest number of cases. The most prevalent species were N. dimidiatum (38.96%) and N. hyalinum (7.47%). One case of N. oculus sp. nov. and seven instances of N. novaehollandiae were also reported. Regarding the clinical presentation, 68.30% of patients had onychomycosis, 5.93% had skin infections, and 24.16% presented both types of infections. Other less frequent presentations (1.61%), including keratitis/endophthalmitis, CNS infection, invasive or disseminated infection, sinusitis/rhinosinusitis, mycetoma, endocarditis, and dyskeratosis were also reported. This review shows that the epidemiology of scytalidiosis is changing, other regions that had not been considered endemic are now reporting the highest number of cases. Neoscytalidium spp. should be considered an important emerging pathogen and the main non-dermatophyte fungus causing onychomycosis and skin infections after dermatophytes. Likewise, other clinical presentations caused by this fungal pathogen should not be underestimated, especially in patients with some immunocompromise or underlying disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 4","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to Assess Fungal Contamination of Indoor Air in Dwellings of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis?","authors":"Antoine Géry, Jean-Philippe Bouchara, Natacha Heutte, Muriel Laurans, Julie Bonhomme, David Garon","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00968-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-025-00968-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic colonization by filamentous fungi in patients with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) is linked to declines in lung function and quality of life. To better assess indoor mold exposure, 23 French dwellings of pwCF from CF care centers in Normandy and Maine & Loire, France were visited. Bioaerosols collected using Coriolis® µ and Coriolis® compact biocollectors and dust were cultured on four different media: Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), Malt Extract Agar (MEA), Sabouraud Chloramphenicol Gentamicin (SCG) and Sabouraud Chloramphenicol Gentamicin Actidione (S +). A total of 164 fungal species were identified (44 in both air and dust, 77 in air only and 43 in dust only), with no significant difference in average species count between air and dust samples (p = 0.353). The Coriolis® µ biocollector yielded significantly higher species recovery and fungal load from air samples compared to the Coriolis® compact biocollector (p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Higher CFU/m³ for Aspergillus, Fusarium, Mucor and Rhizopus were found on MEA, PDA and SCG media compared to S + (p = 0.037, p = 0.005 and p = 0.030, respectively). Alpha diversity was also greater on MEA, PDA and SCG media than on S + medium (p = 0.001, p < 0.0001 for PDA and SCG) and PDA than on MEA (p = 0.008). The distribution of common fungal genera was consistent with literature, except for higher frequencies of Fusarium and Talaromyces in our study. In conclusion, air sampling with the Coriolis® µ biocollector and inoculation on PDA or MEA media is recommended for this type of field study.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 4","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Role of StuA in Transcription Regulation in Trichophyton rubrum: From Global Regulation Dynamics to the pH-Responsive Program Control.","authors":"Leonardo Martins-Santana, Monise Fazolin Petrucelli, Pablo R Sanches, Nilce M Martinez-Rossi, Antonio Rossi","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00970-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-025-00970-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum is the primary causative agent of a cutaneous disease known as dermatophytosis. To establish an infection, this fungus coordinates many mechanisms related to biochemical processes, physiological adaptation, and transcriptional networks. Transcription factors (TFs) are the main proteins that elicit biological responses when T. rubrum interacts with keratinized tissues and promotes defense responses to prevent fungal colonization. In this study, we investigated the role of the TF StuA, a recently described T. rubrum protein, in controlling this fungal transcriptional program in response to glucose and keratin. This approach, based on RNA sequencing data, revealed at least 33 TF genes differentially expressed in glucose or keratin. We also showed that StuA regulates the pH signaling transcription factor, PacC, a relevant TF recruited for keratin assimilation in T. rubrum. Furthermore, we demonstrated that StuA modulates positively pacC and influences alternative splicing events of pacC transcripts in keratin cultures. Our findings revealed that StuA represses pacC transcription in a co-culture with keratinocytes and modulates the expression of the pal pathway genes, besides suggesting that StuA is pivotal for pH recognition responses and nutrient assimilation in the host. As a follow-up study, our results shed light on discovering new targets to treat dermatophytosis and elucidating transcriptional networks that are fundamental to T. rubrum pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 4","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trichosporon and Antifungal Resistance: Current Knowledge and Gaps.","authors":"Isabela Lima Miranda, Nalu Teixeira Aguiar Peres, Rafael Wesley Bastos, Luana Rossato, Florent Morio, Daniel Assis Santos","doi":"10.1007/s11046-025-00969-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-025-00969-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trichosporon spp. are ubiquitous environmental and emerging opportunistic fungi that can be part of the normal microbiota of the skin, vagina, and gastrointestinal tract in humans and other animals. In a state of microbiota imbalance, both immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised patients are susceptible to trichosporonosis, which can present as either superficial infections, such as White Piedra, or deep-seated infections, such as fungemia. Due to intrinsic resistance or limited efficacy reported with fluconazole, polyenes, echinocandins, and flucytosine, voriconazole is currently recommended in clinical guidelines. Biofilm formation and the overexpression of efflux pumps may contribute to this limited efficacy, but other resistance mechanisms have also been reported. The high antifungal resistance levels present in this genus highlight the urgent need for new therapeutic approaches and a better understanding of Trichosporon pathogenesis and the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance. In this review, we discuss antifungal resistance and the mechanisms of this resistance in Trichosporon spp., addressing key points that require further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 4","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}