Mycopathologia最新文献

{"title":"Whole Genome Sequence Analysis of Terbinafine Resistant and Susceptible Trichophyton Isolates from Human and Animal Origin.","authors":"Sheetal Thakur, Bram Spruijtenburg, Abhishek, Dipika Shaw, Theun de Groot, Eelco F J Meijer, Tarun Narang, Sunil Dogra, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, Jacques F Meis, Shivaprakash M Rudramurthy","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00920-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-024-00920-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trichophyton indotineae, first identified in India, has increasingly been reported in Asia, the Middle East, Europe, and recently in the USA. The global spread of terbinafine-resistant T. indotineae underscores the urgency of the issue. With its ability for human-to-human transmission, it can be considered anthropophilic. However, its highly virulent nature suggests a possible link to zoophilic species, raising the potential for disease transmission from animals. In this study, we have performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) of terbinafine susceptible and resistant Trichophyton species from animal and human origin to understand transmission dynamics of this species. Thirteen isolates of Trichophyton spp. from human (n = 9) and canine (n = 4) origin, respectively from Chandigarh and Bareilly, India, were included in this study. Isolate identification based on ITS extracted from WGS data identified six T. indotineae (ITS genotype VIII) and seven T. interdigitale (ITS genotype II) isolates. WGS single nucleotide polymorhpism (SNP) analysis separated the isolates into two distinct groups, T. indotineae and T. interdigitale and showed the clonal nature of both species. For both species, low SNP differences between isolates from humans and dogs were observed as well as low differences between isolates from Chandigarh and Bareilly, cities >350 km apart from each other. These findings suggest zoonotic transmission, next to fast spread across large distances. The T. indotineae terbinafine-resistant strains exhibited the SQLE^F397L substitution while susceptible strains had the SQLE^S395P substitution or demonstrated a wild-type (WT) SQLE sequence. However, all T. interdigitale strains displayed a WT SQLE sequence despite terbinafine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging between 0.031 to 64 µg/mL.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsporidiosis in Patients with Autoimmune Diseases Undergoing Monoclonal Antibody Associated Therapy.","authors":"Ramzi Kechaou, Denis Magne, Yaye Senghor, Cécile Brin, Karine Louvion, Laurene Parrot, Marjolaine Morgand, Céline Nourrisson, Philippe Poirier, Jeanne Bigot, Christophe Hennequin, Alicia Moreno-Sabater","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00918-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-024-00918-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present Enterocytozoon bieneusi infection in four patients with autoimmune diseases undergoing prolonged monoclonal antibody therapies. Two patients suffered from inflammatory bowel disease and received anti-TNF therapies, whereas two other patients suffered from systemic lupus erythematosus with renal involvement and received anti-CD20 or anti-BLyS protein therapies. Three out of four patients consulted for diarrhea with abdominal pain without intestinal inflammation or bleeding at the time of sampling. The fourth patient did not declare intestinal troubles. Microsporidia genotype detected in this study were S9, C, Wildboard3 with one patient harboring 2 genotypes S6 and EBCMAP-038. Management of microsporidia infection included albendazole and reduction of immunosuppression treatment, but no specific treatment was implemented in two other patients. In conclusion, microsporidia infection occurs in patients with autoimmune diseases undergoing prolonged monoclonal antibody therapies. Diagnosis should be carefully assessed in this population and a thorough benefit-risk analysis is essential prior to initiating therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Patient Advocacy in Mycology: Cultivating Collaboration in Education, Research, and Policy.","authors":"Rob Purdie, Rasha Kuran, Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo, Hatim Sati, Juan Luis Rodriguez-Tudela, Martin Hoenigl, John Perfect, Rita Oladele, Thomas J Walsh, Tom Chiller","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00906-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-024-00906-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the healthcare landscape, diseases such as cancer and HIV/AIDS have benefited from the patient's perspective. For fungal diseases, the patient voice remains absent in critical areas such as policy formulation, funding decisions, and research priorities. Patients affected by fungal disease, along with their caregivers and advocacy groups, possess invaluable insights into the challenges and unmet needs they face. By elevating their voices and experiences, policymakers, funding agencies, and researchers can gain a more comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted nature of fungal disease and the urgency of addressing them. This paper addresses the pressing need for a coordinated effort to elevate the patient voice in advocating for improved policies, increased funding, and enhanced research initiatives regarding fungal disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11711558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of LDBio Aspergillus ICT IgM/IgG Lateral Flow Assay in Diagnosing Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Community Versus Hospital Setting.","authors":"Inderpaul Singh Sehgal, Kathirvel Soundappan, Valliappan Muthu, Sahajal Dhooria, Kuruswamy Thurai Prasad, Shivaprakash M Rudramurthy, Ashutosh Nath Aggarwal, Rajesh Raju, Mandeep Garg, Nidhi Prabhakar, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, Ritesh Agarwal","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00917-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-024-00917-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>LDBio immunochromatographic lateral flow assay, a point-of care test, detects IgM/IgG antibodies against Aspergillus fumigatus (LDBio-ALFA). LDBio-ALFA has been evaluated for diagnosing chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) in hospital patients, though its efficacy in field settings remains unexamined.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our primary objective was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of LDBio-ALFA in diagnosing CPA in a field and a hospital cohort. The secondary objective was to compare the diagnostic performance of LDBio-ALFA and A. fumigatus-IgG measured by a commercial automated fluorescent enzyme immunoassay (FEIA) using latent class analysis (LCA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively enrolled adult subjects with post-tuberculosis lung abnormality (PTLA) from a tertiary care hospital (hospital cohort), and designated microscopy centers and a community health center (field cohort). We measured A. fumigatus-IgG using LDBio-ALFA and FEIA in the same serum sample.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We enrolled 508 subjects, of which 122 and 386 constituted field and hospital cohorts. CPA was diagnosed in 325/508 (64%) subjects. The CPA prevalence was higher in the hospital (78% [301/386]) than in the field cohort (19.7% [24/122]). The sensitivity and specificity of LDBio-ALFA in the entire cohort in diagnosing CPA was 81.2% and 85.3%. The sensitivity of LDBio-ALFA in the field cohort was 83.3% and 81.1% in the hospital population. On LCA, the sensitivity and specificity of the FEIA method (A. fumigatus-IgG ≥ 27 mgA/L) was 100% and 86.7%, while for LDBio-ALFA it was for 84.5% and 81.3% for diagnosing CPA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LDBio-ALFA is a valuable test for diagnosing CPA in the field and in hospital patients. However, a negative test should be confirmed using an automated immunoassay.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Step on the Way to Identify Dermatophytes Using Odour Fingerprints.","authors":"Lenka Machová, Meriem Gaida, Jaroslav Semerád, Miroslav Kolařík, Michaela Švarcová, Andrej Jašica, Alena Grasserová, Sandra Awokunle Hollá, Vit Hubka, Pierre-Hugues Stefanuto, Tomáš Cajthaml, Jean-François Focant, Adéla Wennrich","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00905-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-024-00905-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The clinical diagnosis of dermatophytosis and identification of dermatophytes face challenges due to reliance on culture-based methods. Rapid, cost-effective detection techniques for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been developed for other microorganisms, but their application to dermatophytes is limited. This study explores using VOCs as diagnostic markers for dermatophytes. We compared VOC profiles across different dermatophyte taxa using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and advanced analytical methods: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS). We analyzed 47 dermatophyte strains from 15 taxa grown on sheep wool, including clinically significant species. Additionally, we examined phylogenetic relationships among the strains to correlate genetic relatedness with metabolite production. Our results showed that GC×GC-TOFMS offered superior resolution but similar differentiation of VOC profiles compared to GC-MS. VOC spectra allowed reliable distinction of taxonomic units at the species level and below, however, these distinctions showed only a slight correlation with phylogenetic data. We identified pan-dermatophyte and species- or strain-specific VOC profiles, indicating their potential for rapid, non-invasive detection of dermatophyte infections, including epidemic strains. These patterns could enable future taxa-specific identification. Our study highlights the potential of VOCs as tools for dermatophyte taxonomy and diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11706917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnusiomyces capitatus, an Unusual Cause of Invasive Fungal Infections in Neutropenic Patients: Case Reports and Outbreak Investigation.","authors":"Anne-Marie Dolan, Tamara Hoban, Grainne Brennan, Peter R Flanagan, Sadhbh O'Rourke, Tee Keat Teoh, Breida Boyle, Lisa Mellerick, Shane Toolan, Catherine Flynn, Johannes Wagener, Brian O'Connell","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00916-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-024-00916-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Magnusiomyces capitatus is an environmental fungus found in soil, water, air, plants, and dairy products which may cause opportunistic infections in patients with haematological disorders resulting in high mortality rates. This series of the first reported cases in Ireland discusses investigation of two patients with underlying haematological disorders, hospitalised in the Irish National Adult Stem Cell Transplant Unit (NASCTU), who developed line-related fungaemias with M. capitatus within a three-month period. Patient A was a 49-year-old gentleman with a background of myelodysplastic syndrome with a large paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria clone who underwent an allogeneic stem cell transplant (ASCT). He developed a prolonged bloodstream infection with M. capitatus and was treated with antifungals but unfortunately passed away 30 days following first detection of M. capitatus from blood. Patient B is a 35-year-old lady with a background of aplastic anaemia who received an ASCT with blood cultures later growing M. capitatus. She developed a disseminated infection with skin involvement and brain lesions. She remains on long-term suppressive antifungals post discharge. Outbreaks of disseminated M. capitatus infection have been reported in several haematology units, related to contaminated medical devices and dairy products. In this situation, environmental and food sampling did not provide any evidence of M. capitatus, and whole genome sequencing proved that the isolates were unrelated. indicating no link between the two cases within a short period in the NASCTU. Increasing rates of rare invasive yeasts means that consideration should be given to management in vulnerable populations such as haematology patients post ASCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Tinea Incognito Caused by Nannizzia incurvata.","authors":"Xiujiao Xia, Wanting Yu, Zehu Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00925-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-024-00925-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Pan-Dermatophytes and Trichophyton rubrum Using Recombinase Polymerase Amplification-Lateral Flow Dipstick Assay.","authors":"Qian Wang, Xin Huang, Qiuhong Yan, Ruikang Chen, Lifang Shao, Ruoyu Li, Yinggai Song, Xiaoying Yuan","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00921-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-024-00921-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traditional methods for diagnosing onychomycosis are characterized by limited sensitivity and prolonged processing times, and heavily rely on the skill level of laboratory personnel.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To develop a fast, simple, user-friendly, and reliable molecular assay that offers high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of common dermatophytes in nail specimens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a technique that integrates recombinase polymerase isothermal amplification with lateral flow dipstick (RPA-LFD) for the detection of pan-dermatophytes and Trichophyton rubrum, and evaluated its analytical sensitivity and specificity. This method was applied to analyze 190 nail specimens, with the results compared with traditional microscopy and fungal culture.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The RPA-LFD assay demonstrated an analytical sensitivity of 10 pg/reaction for pan-dermatophytes and 1 pg/reaction for T. rubrum. In clinical evaluations for tinea unguium, the sensitivity of the RPA-LFD, fungal culture, and microscopy methods, as determined through latent class analysis, was estimated to be 91.0%, 70.8%, and 93.9%, respectively. Correspondingly, the specificity of these methods-RPA-LFD, fungal culture, and microscopy-was assessed at approximately 95.7%, 98.0%, and 94.3%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our RPA-LFD assay exhibited high sensitivity and specificity in the detection of dermatophytes. Due to its technical simplicity, enhanced sensitivity, and reduced processing times, it represents a promising alternative to conventional fungal culture methods for the mycological detection and identification of dermatophytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142910034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolate Specific Transcriptome Changes Exerted by Isavuconazole Treatment in Candida auris.","authors":"Noémi Balla, Fruzsina Kovács, Zoltán Tóth, Andrea Harmath, Aliz Bozó, László Majoros, Renátó Kovács, Ágnes Jakab","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00919-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-024-00919-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sudden emergence of multidrug- and pan-resistant Candida auris isolates, combined with limited treatment options, poses significant global challenges in healthcare settings. Combination based therapies are promising alternative options to overcome C. auris related infections, where echinocandin and isavuconazole (ISA) combinations may be an interesting and promising approach. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying ISA treatment is crucial for developing novel therapeutic recommendations. Therefore, we investigated the gene transcription profiles of non-wild type (non-WT) and wild type (WT) C. auris isolates from the South Asian clade following ISA exposure using total RNA sequencing. The non-WT isolate was classified according to the previously reported tentative epidemiological cut-off value of ≤ 1 mg/L. ISA treatment resulted in the upregulation of 158 and 134 genes and the downregulation of 119 and 96 genes in the non-WT and WT isolates, respectively, compared with untreated samples. In general, ISA-treated isolates exhibited increased transcription of the transcriptional factor UPC2, the drug transporter MDR1, vacuolar calcium-ATPase PMC1, and several ergosterol biosynthesis genes. The WT isolate showed pronounced enrichment of genes involved in sphingolipid biosynthesis, adhesion, and drug transport. These findings suggest that alterations in membrane lipid composition and modulation of drug efflux transporters are critical processes contributing to ISA susceptibility in case of WT isolates.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142896455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal Keratitis Caused by Humicola sardiniae.","authors":"Atsuhiko Fukuto, Kaori Mitoma, Keisuke Nakamura, Kayoko Tadera, Taiichiro Chikama, Takashi Yaguchi","doi":"10.1007/s11046-024-00913-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-024-00913-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"190 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11666788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}