Mycopathologia最新文献

{"title":"First Reported Neonatal Invasive Candidozyma auris (Candida auris) Infection in Brazil: Successful Management, Evolving Amphotericin B Resistance, and Infection Containment.","authors":"Angelica Zaninelli Schreiber, Ana Luisa Perini Leme Giordano, Barbara Cipulo Legabão, Lais Pontes, Edson Aparecido da Luz, Giuliana D'Angelo Moreno, Gisele Giuliane Guedes, Stefânia Lucizani Pacífico, Mariana Marques Fernandes Moreira de Souza, Tânia Sueli de Andrade, Carolina Carvalho Ribeiro do Valle, Jamil Pedro de Siqueira Caldas","doi":"10.1007/s11046-026-01098-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-026-01098-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe the first neonatal invasive Candida auris infection in Brazil and its successful clinical and infection control management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective description of the clinical course, microbiological findings, antifungal susceptibility evolution, and follow-up of an extremely preterm infant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 25 + 4-week male neonate developed bloodstream and urinary C. auris infection during the first week of life. Progressive amphotericin B resistance in urine isolates required the addition of fluconazole. No secondary NICU cases occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early diagnosis, serial susceptibility testing, and immediate containment measures enabled successful treatment and prevented nosocomial spread.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"191 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Molecular Epidemiology Study: Emergence and dissemination of Azole-Resistant Candida parapsilosis Sensu Stricto in Southern Brazil.","authors":"Luiza Souza Rodrigues, Sabrina da Conceição Barbosa, Ana Paula Santiago Chacon, Adriele Celine Siqueira, Gisele Aparecida Bernardi, Marcelo Pillonetto, Vania Aparecida Vicente, Lavinia Nery Villa Stangler Arend, Terezinha Inez Estivalet Svidzinski, Libera Maria Dalla-Costa","doi":"10.1007/s11046-026-01095-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-026-01095-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto has emerged as a major cause of healthcare-associated candidemia, with increasing reports of fluconazole resistance worldwide. This resistance is most commonly associated with amino acid substitutions in Erg11p, particularly Y132F; however, regional variation in resistance mechanisms and clonal dissemination remains not fully understood. This study investigated the molecular epidemiology and genomic landscape of fluconazole-resistant C. parapsilosis in Paraná, Southern Brazil, over a 10-year period. A total of 54 resistant isolates identified between 2014 and 2024 were retrospectively analyzed; 51 viable isolates were confirmed by species identification, antifungal susceptibility testing, and microsatellite genotyping. A subset of 18 representative isolates underwent whole-genome sequencing for phylogenomic analysis. Variants in genes associated with azole resistance, including ERG11, MRR1, TAC1, CDR1, MDR1, ERG3, and ERG6, were characterized. Fluconazole resistance emerged in 2018 and increased thereafter. Phylogenomic analysis revealed two geographically structured lineages: a dominant clone circulating across multiple healthcare institutions in the Curitiba metropolitan area and a second lineage restricted to the northern region of the state. The dominant clone showed minimal genomic diversity (0-5 SNPs), consistent with long-term persistence. A conserved resistance profile was observed, with 17 of 18 sequenced isolates harboring the K143R substitution in Erg11p, while all retained the wild-type residue at position 132. The single isolate lacking ERG11 mutations carried a novel C849Y substitution in the Mrr1p regulator. These findings demonstrate the emergence and persistence of a highly clonal fluconazole-resistant C. parapsilosis lineage in Southern Brazil, characterized by a conserved K143R substitution independent of Y132F. The detection of closely related isolates across different hospitals underscores the need for regional genomic surveillance of hospital-adapted fungal pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"191 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13451485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148689693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Outcomes of Proven Invasive Fungal Infections in Pediatric Patients.","authors":"Selin Yıldız Sametoğlu, Seval Ozen, Gül Hatice Erkol Tuncer, Belgin Gülhan, Neriman Sarı, Saliha Kanık Yüksek, Derya Özyörük, Gülsüm İclal Bayhan, Neşe Yaralı, Fatih Üçkardeş, Turan Bayhan, Aslınur Özkaya Parlakay, Namık Yaşar Özbek","doi":"10.1007/s11046-026-01094-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-026-01094-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised pediatric patients; systematic data comparing mold- and yeast-related infections remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate epidemiology, clinical features, antifungal treatment, and outcomes of proven infectious fungal infections (IFIs) in immunocompromised children, comparing mold and yeast infections.</p><p><strong>Patients/methods: </strong>This single-center retrospective study included 65 immunocompromised patients aged ≤ 18 years with proven IFIs diagnosed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium (EORTC/MSGERC) criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 65 patients (75.4% male; median age 62 months), mold infections occurred in 21 (32.3%) and yeast infections in 44 (67.7%). Aspergillus spp. (n = 6) and Mucor spp. (n = 3) were common molds; Candida parapsilosis (n = 15) predominated among yeasts. ALL was more prevalent in the mold group (38.1% vs. 11.4%; p = 0.019), while other oncological malignancies predominated in the yeast group (50.0% vs. 19.0%; p = 0.017). Combination therapy (66.7% vs. 9.1%; p < 0.001), salvage therapy (52.4% vs. 27.3%; p = 0.048), and treatment duration (median 56 vs. 21 days; p < 0.001) were higher in the mold group. Mold infections showed higher rates of nodules, cavitation, and air-crescent sign on thoracic CT (p < 0.05) and greater pulmonary progression (23.8% vs. 2.3%; p = 0.011). The overall pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission rate was 40.0%; mechanical ventilation was more frequent in the mold group (47.6% vs. 15.9%; p = 0.007) and was identified as the sole independent predictor of IFI-attributable mortality (OR 14.5; 95% CI 3.47-60.41; p < 0.001).Overall mortality was 36.9% with no between-group difference (p = 0.892); IFI-attributable mortality was higher in the mold group (28.6% vs. 18.2%; p = 0.081).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mold and yeast infections show distinct clinical, radiological, and therapeutic profiles in immunocompromised children, with mold infections showing greater treatment burden and higher IFI-attributable mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"191 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148579249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Effects of Cepharanthine and Amphotericin B Against Candida albicans by Targeting PMP3-Mediated Sphingolipid Biosynthesis and Membrane Disruption.","authors":"Song Wang, Qiya Zhang, Qinlan Li, Guoya Wang, Xu Tan, Yan Liang, Chengguang Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s11046-026-01092-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-026-01092-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Candida albicans is a major opportunistic fungal pathogen causing various mucosal infections, including oral candidiasis, poses challenges in current antifungal therapy because of limited number of drugs, increased pathogen resistance, and notable toxicity associated with existing medications. Combination therapy is crucial for optimizing treatment outcomes. In this study, cepharanthine (CEP) was explored as an adjunct to amphotericin B (AmB) to elucidate the potential mechanism of action of drug combinations against Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using the checkerboard method, and the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) was computed. The combination of cepharanthine and amphotericin B had a synergistic effect (FICI < 0.5) on both standard strains and 73 clinical strains of Candida albicans, leading to significant inhibition of metabolism, hyphal growth, and biofilm formation. Transcriptome sequencing, membrane permeability studies, assessment of mitochondrial membrane potential, and scanning electron microscopy revealed that cepharanthine primarily targeted the membrane structure of Candida albicans. RT‒qPCR analysis demonstrated that cepharanthine in combination with amphotericin B suppressed sphingolipid synthesis by downregulating the expression of the plasma membrane-associated gene PMP3, thereby compromising cell membrane integrity. Molecular docking model analysis further supported the binding affinity of both drugs to the PMP3 protein. The combined use of cepharanthine and amphotericin B presents a promising approach for the clinical management of oral candidiasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"191 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148562542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Case of Candidemia Caused by Fluconazole-Resistant Candida orthopsilosis Harboring the ERG11 G458S Mutation in a Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipient in Asia.","authors":"Tatsuro Hirao, Mizuki Haraguchi, Kyosuke Yamaguchi, Kazuhiro Horiba, Masahiro Abe, Ami Koizumi, Sayoko Oiki, Kosei Kageyama, Yuki Taya, Hideki Araoka, Yoshitsugu Miyazaki, Atsushi Wake","doi":"10.1007/s11046-026-01093-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-026-01093-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Candidemia poses a life-threatening complication for immunocompromised patients, including those undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Non-albicans Candida species are increasingly recognized as causative pathogens in this population, with azole resistance having emerged as a global concern. Candida orthopsilosis, a member of the Candida parapsilosis species complex, is generally considered susceptible to azole antifungal agents. Although sporadic reports of azole-resistant isolates have surfaced worldwide, no such cases have been documented in Japan. Furthermore, genetic evaluations of azole-resistant C. orthopsilosis have primarily been conducted in Europe. We present the first case of fluconazole-resistant C. orthopsilosis bloodstream infection in a 73-year-old man following allo-HSCT for acute myeloid leukemia in Japan. Whole-genome sequencing identified an ERG11 G458S substitution, a known mechanism of fluconazole resistance in C. orthopsilosis, representing the first identification of this mutation outside Europe. Our findings highlight the importance of continued surveillance of antifungal resistance in C. orthopsilosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"191 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148562442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Interpretable Machine Learning Model for Predicting the Presence of Talaromycosis in HIV Patients Lacking Skin Lesions.","authors":"Jiaguang Hu, Wenming He, Qun Tian, Yanqiu Lu, Peng Zhang, Jinyu Qin, Chuan Qin, Ying Wu, Cheng Huang, Xu Li, Luhuai Feng, Linghua Li, Zhongsheng Jiang, Jianning Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s11046-026-01089-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-026-01089-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The existing predictive models for talaromycosis in people living with HIV without skin lesions are limited by established risk factors and traditional statistical approaches. This study aims to develop an interpretable machine learning(ML) model for predicting the presence of talaromycosis in HIV patients without skin lesions and to validate its clinical applicability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective multicenter study involved the analysis of electronic medical records from four tertiary hospitals in China, covering the period from 2010 to 2019. The training dataset comprised 1009 HIV patients with opportunistic infections, while external validation was conducted using data from 305 patients at an independent center. From an initial set of 36 variables, twelve key features were selected, including albumin, absolute lymphocyte count, hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), AST/ALT ratio, C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, platelet count, peripheral or abdominal lymphadenopathy, CD4⁺ T-cell count, and age. Five ML algorithms were evaluated using tenfold cross-validation. Model performance was measured using the AUC, ACC, and F1-score. Calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA) were employed to assess the model's reliability and clinical net benefit. The optimal model was subsequently implemented as a web-based tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Support Vector Machine (SVM) exhibited superior performance compared to other models, achieving an AUC of 0.809 (95% CI 0.778-0.838), an ACC of 0.714, and an F1-score of 0.689. External validation demonstrated enhanced performance metrics, with an AUC of 0.921 (95% CI 0.889-0.951), ACC of 0.853, and an F1-score of 0.819. DCA indicated a significant net clinical benefit across various risk thresholds, and calibration curves showed strong concordance between predicted and observed risks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The interpretable SVM model effectively stratifies the risk of talaromycosis in people living with HIV without skin lesions in endemic regions, aligning with WHO recommendations for early diagnosis and treatment of priority fungal pathogens. Its integration into a web-based tool enhances clinical accessibility for early intervention in resource-constrained settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"191 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13384986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148536498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report of Fatal Disseminated Blastomyces percursus Infection in a Liver Transplant Recipient in Iran, a Non-endemic Country: A Case Report.","authors":"Fereshteh Ghiasvand, Safoura Shakoeinejad, Negar Hemmati, Taha Shahbazi, Kazem Ahmadikia, Zahra Ahmadinejad, Simin Dashti-Khavidaki, Sajjad Mozaffari, Ali Reza Khosravi","doi":"10.1007/s11046-026-01090-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-026-01090-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Blastomycosis is an invasive dimorphic fungal infection capable of causing severe disseminated disease in immunocompromised hosts. Although traditionally endemic to North America, increasing molecular evidence suggests a broader geographic distribution. Iran is not considered endemic, and no prior species-level confirmed cases of Blastomyces percursus have been reported. We report a 31-year-old liver transplant recipient who developed progressive diffuse papulopustular and verrucous necrotic cutaneous lesions 17 months after transplantation. Initial diagnostic evaluation was inconclusive. Detection of fungal DNA consistent with Aspergillus species in skin biopsy specimens prompted initiation of voriconazole therapy; however, the clinical course progressed despite treatment. The patient subsequently developed severe weight loss, high-level cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia, pulmonary nodules, and mucosal involvement. Initial fungal culture suggested Pseudallescheria boydii, but re-evaluation at a reference mycology laboratory raised suspicion for blastomycosis. Definitive species identification was achieved by amplification and Sanger sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) region. The 520-bp sequence demonstrated 99.6-100% identity with reference Blastomyces percursus strains, and phylogenetic analysis confirmed clustering within the B. percursus clade. Despite targeted antifungal therapy with liposomal amphotericin B and antiviral treatment for CMV disease, the infection progressed to disseminated involvement with central nervous system manifestations, resulting in a fatal outcome. This case highlights the diagnostic complexity of invasive fungal infections in non-endemic regions and emphasizes the importance of early molecular identification in immunocompromised patients presenting with atypical cutaneous and systemic fungal disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"191 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148497776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Detection of Candidozyma (Candida) auris in Surface Waters of the Gediz Delta, a Critical Coastal Wetland in Türkiye: Expanding One Health Surveillance Perspective.","authors":"Arzu Gursoy Ergen, Emre Keskin, Aysenur Akgun, Hilal Basak Erol, Gulce Edis, Isilay Celik, Banu Kaskatepe, Sidre Erganis, Elif Ayca Sahin, Dolunay Gülmez, Sevtap Arıkan Akdağlı, Çağrı Ergin, Oya San Keskin, Hakan Yardımci, Nuket Sivri, Gulsen Altug, Ayşe Kalkanci","doi":"10.1007/s11046-026-01091-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-026-01091-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Candidozyma auris (syn. Candida auris) is an emerging multidrug-resistant yeast of growing clinical and environmental concern. Despite its increasing detection in healthcare settings worldwide, environmental evidence remains scarce. This study presents the first molecular detection of C. auris DNA in surface waters of Türkiye, within the Ramsar-protected Gediz Delta, as part of the national One Health Surveillance Framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 80 surface-water samples were collected from five wetland ecosystems Tuz Lake, Kulu Lake, Göksu Delta (Akgöl and Paradeniz Lagoons), Kızılırmak Delta, and Gediz Delta. Physicochemical parameters; temperature, pH, and salinity were recorded in situ using a multi parameter sensor. Environmental DNA was extracted from 2 L of 0.22 µm Sterivex-filtered water and analyzed via qPCR using C. auris-specific (CauF/CauR) and Candida-genus (CauRelF/CauRelR) primer sets. Yeast isolation was performed on CHROMagar™ Candida Plus, and identification was achieved by MALDI-TOF MS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>C. auris DNA was detected in one sample (1.25%), specifically from the Gediz Delta (Sample No. 5651, 38.523° N, 26.892° E), with Ct values 33.8-37.2 confirmed by sequencing. Broader Candida genus signals were observed in 24% of samples. Culture-based analyses yielded no viable C. auris, but 15 yeast isolates were identified, mainly Pichia kudriavzevii (Candida krusei), C. albicans, and Nakaseomyces glabratus (Candida glabrata).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The culture-negative yet qPCR-positive finding indicates that C. auris DNA likely persists in aquatic environments as non-viable or residual material. This finding provides early molecular evidence of environmental dissemination and underscores the need for viability assays, culture-based isolation, and metagenomic monitoring integrated within One Health surveillance programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"191 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148497792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infection by Different Clades of Candidozyma auris in a Galleria mellonella Model: Determining Virulence Levels.","authors":"Gabriel Davi Marena, Alejandro Lopez, Gabriela Corrêa Carvalho, Javier Pemán, Jose Manuel Perez-Royo, Victor Garcia-Bustos, Ángel González, Paula Muñoz Brell, María Dolores Pérez Ruiz, Lara Zaragoza Macian, Carmen Vicente Saez, Antonia Avalos Mansilla, Tais Maria Bauab, Marlus Chorilli, Alba Ruiz-Gaitán","doi":"10.1007/s11046-026-01082-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-026-01082-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Candidozyma auris (formerly Candida auris) is an emerging yeast that causes bloodstream infections, especially in immunocompromised patients, and presents high resistance and virulence rates. To date, six clades have been established worldwide and the number of outbreaks caused by this microorganism has been increasing every year, causing concern in the medical community. Therefore, this study investigated the heterogeneity among clades of C. auris by evaluating the virulence profile and mechanism of infection using an in vivo model of Galleria mellonella.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>G. mellonella was infected with different clades (I, II, III and IV) of C. auris, C. albicans ATCC 5341 and C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019 for virulence and histopathologic evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Aggregative strains of C. auris InP13 (I) and VEN C6 (IV) had a greater rate of melanization and larval mortality among the C. auris isolates, therefore, being the most aggressive strains. C. albicans caused the most melanization among all strains at the highest inoculum concentration (10⁶ cells/mL). Histopathologic examination showed a greater number of granulomas in the lower and upper extremities of G. mellonella. The granulomas ranged from 0.07-0.11 nm in diameter. All strains showed biofilms adhering to larval tissue, which was more evident for InP13, VEN C6 and C. albicans. Infiltration of tissues by yeasts, pseudohyphae and chlamydospores (a resistance structure formed by C. albicans in stress environments) morphotypes were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The aggregative strains were more virulent and had a greater ability to form biofilms and granulomas, showing heterogeneity among the different C. auris clades.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"191 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13275587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148272240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Octenidine Against Emerging Dermatophyte Species.","authors":"Kathrin Spettel, Richard Kriz, Sarah Fellhuber, Madita Loy, Hannah Tiefenbrunner, Melanie Schabransky, Sonia Galazka, Birgit Willinger","doi":"10.1007/s11046-026-01084-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11046-026-01084-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dermatophytes cause a wide range of superficial infections of the skin, hair and nails, with high global prevalence and considerable public health relevance. Treatment regimens for dermatophytosis are limited to few antifungal drug classes, and rising resistance-particularly to terbinafine-further compromises therapeutic efficacy. Topical antiseptics such as octenidine (OCT) may represent a promising option for infection control and local therapy. This study investigated the in vitro antifungal activity of the pure antiseptic OCT (at final assay concentrations of 0.1% and 0.05%) and two OCT-based commercial ready-to-use medicinal products (octeniderm® and octenisept®) against clinical isolates of emerging (drug-resistant) dermatophytes including Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, T. tonsurans, T. interdigitale, T. indotineae and Microsporum canis. Quantitative suspension assays were conducted according to EN 13624:2013 under low organic load (0.3 g/L bovine serum albumin) and high organic load (3 g/L bovine serum albumin, 3 mL/L defibrinated sheep blood), with contact times ranging from 1 to 15 min. Results showed that the active OCT itself as well as the skin antiseptic octeniderm® and the wound and mucous membrane antiseptic octenisept® are effective against the tested dermatophytes in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Notably, octeniderm® was able to inhibit fungal growth within 1 min, even under high organic load conditions. These in vitro findings suggest that OCT, a well-tolerated antiseptic already in clinical use represents a potential option for preventing transmission and managing superficial infections caused by (drug-resistant) dermatophytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19017,"journal":{"name":"Mycopathologia","volume":"191 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13272275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148258929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}