Mycorrhiza最新文献

{"title":"Proteomic insight into the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor illuminates the central role of glutathione-mediated resistance to cadmium toxicity.","authors":"Shikha Gupta, M Sudhakara Reddy","doi":"10.1007/s00572-025-01244-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00572-025-01244-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi play a vital role in the bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil and protecting the host plants from metal stress. In this study, we employed a comparative proteomic approach to investigate the molecular response of ECM fungus Laccaria bicolor to cadmium (Cd) stress. Out of total 997 proteins identified, 154 proteins with a fold change ≥ 1.5 and p < 0.05 were classified as differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) and selected for analysis. KEGG-based functional annotation revealed that Cd exposure disrupted key metabolic pathways including carbohydrate, nucleotide and energy metabolism, thereby inducing cellular energy stress. Proteins involved in genetic information processing, such as DNA replication, repair, transcription, translation, and protein folding, were significantly downregulated, indicating genomic instability and impaired protein quality control. Furthermore, Cd stress affected cellular homeostasis by altering membrane transport and vesicular trafficking systems. In response, L. bicolor activated multiple defense mechanisms to counteract the Cd toxicity, notably upregulating the proteins involved in oxidative stress mitigation, particularly those associated with glutathione metabolism, as well as MAPK and calcium signaling pathways. The consistent upregulation of glutathione and many other related enzymes highlight their central role in Cd detoxification. Overall, this study provides comprehensive insights into the molecular strategies deployed by L. bicolor for Cd tolerance, identifying potential biomarkers and target genes for future biotechnological applications in phytoremediation and stress resilience. Also, this study highlights the active role of glutathione biosynthesis and metabolism proteins in Cd stress mitigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18965,"journal":{"name":"Mycorrhiza","volume":"35 6","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145708607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boosting coffee seedling performance through arbuscular mycorrhizal association.","authors":"Carlos C Gomes Júnior, Raylla P B de Souza, Karen M S Menezes, Antônio H de Souza, Angélica Tomazeli-Silva, Samuel V Valadares, Samuel C V Martins, Amanda A Cardoso, Marliane C S Da Silva, Fábio M DaMatta","doi":"10.1007/s00572-025-01245-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00572-025-01245-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We evaluated the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation on growth, root system architecture, and photosynthetic performance of Coffea arabica seedlings. In a greenhouse experiment using unsterilized soil, seedlings were grown either with (+ M) or without (-M) the addition of AMF inoculum. +M plants exhibited higher net CO₂ assimilation rates and maximum carboxylation capacity of RuBisCO despite reduced stomatal conductance (and transpiration rates), resulting in improved water-use efficiency. These physiological adjustments were associated with greater photochemical utilization of incident light. In addition, +M plants showed increased foliar phosphorus concentration and shifts in leaf metabolic profiles, characterized by higher starch and total free amino acids, reduced hexose sugars, and unchanged sucrose and protein concentrations. Compared with -M plants, +M seedlings displayed pronounced modifications in root system architecture, including greater total root length, surface area, and volume, with a higher proportion of fine roots, while biomass partitioning remained unchanged. Collectively, these morphological and physiological responses resulted in superior vegetative growth in + M plants. AMF inoculation thus represents a promising approach to produce more vigorous and stress-resilient coffee seedlings, potentially facilitating field establishment and reducing production costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":18965,"journal":{"name":"Mycorrhiza","volume":"35 6","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145687779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic clustering and ecological interactions of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their associated microbiome of a spontaneous plant across Moroccan drylands.","authors":"Sulaimon Basiru, Jean Legeay, Soon-Jae Lee, Zahraddeen Kabir Sani, Abdelhadi Ziami, Safaa Machraoui, Khaoula Errafii, Mohamed Hijri","doi":"10.1007/s00572-025-01243-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00572-025-01243-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous in arid ecosystems, yet their distribution and community structure along spatial and ecological gradients remains insufficiently explored at regional scales. Here, we employed Malva sylvestris L., a native spontaneous plant species, to investigate the distribution patterns, phylogenetic structure, and community interactions of AMF and the associated root microbiome in dryland ecosystems. Sampling was conducted along a 700 km transect extending from the Atlantic coast to inland Morocco, encompassing predominantly semi-arid ecosystems. Amplicon sequencing of the LSU rDNA region of roots and soil samples revealed a highly diverse AMF assemblage spanning ten families, including Domikaceae, Diversisporaceae, Entrophosporaceae, Sclerocystaceae, and Septoglomeraceae, while the most frequent taxa belonged to the genera Dominikia, Entrophospora, Funneliformis, and Rhizophagus. Phylogenetic alpha diversity declined with increasing soil phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) but increased with soil potassium, precipitation, and distance from the coastline. AMF community dissimilarity in the rhizosphere was primarily explained by distance from the coastline, MAT, and precipitation together with soil P, N, whereas AMF communities in roots were mainly structured by soil P, N, and carbon. Community assembly processes among root-associated AMF were mainly shaped by total soil N and P: total N drove local AMF community structure (positive Nearest Taxon Index) while variation in soil P increased community turnover among locations (positive beta Nearest Taxon Index). Consequently, network topology was negatively correlated with soil P, and temperature, but positively with precipitation. Specialized AMF taxa, particularly Septoglomus and Funneliformis, acted as hubs in the root fungal network, whereas generalists such as Rhizophagus and Entrophospora drove cross-kingdom associations, interacting strongly with Rhizobium, Sphingomonas, and Caulobacter. Overall, this study advances our understanding of AMF ecology in dryland ecosystems and introduces an innovative bioinformatic workflow that provides new opportunities for exploring mycorrhizal diversity and functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18965,"journal":{"name":"Mycorrhiza","volume":"35 6","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145605079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of spent mushroom compost enhances wheat yield but reduces mycorrhizal associations and grain nutrient concentration.","authors":"Joseph E Carrara, Andrew H Smith, Wade P Heller","doi":"10.1007/s00572-025-01235-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00572-025-01235-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developing management practices that enhance crop yield while maintaining soil health is the foremost objective of the regenerative agriculture movement. One avenue to achieving this goal is using biofertilizers and alternative soil amendments to supplement or replace agrochemicals. Here we report the results of a pairwise field trial of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) wherein we investigated individual and combined impacts of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and a spent mushroom compost amendment (herein mushroom compost). The symbiotic relationship between AMF and plants has been demonstrated to benefit the yield and nutritional quality of many crops by enhancing access to mineral nutrients and water. Mushroom compost, consisting of the devitalized residual substrate following harvest of edible mushrooms, is a byproduct of the mushroom industry and is comprised of a variety of nutrient-rich organic material inputs. Therefore, the objective of this study was to (1) determine the effect to which AMF and mushroom compost individually impact wheat yield and nutritional quality, and (2) examine if these effects are synergistic or antagonistic when both amendments are applied together. We found that mushroom compost addition, regardless of AMF inoculation, enhanced grain yield by ~ 40%, but reduced AMF root colonization level by ~ 25-40%. Additionally, despite yield increases, mushroom compost addition reduced grain phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg) concentrations by ~ 10% and boron concentration by ~ 45%. In fact, grain P, K, and Mg concentrations were all correlated with mycorrhizal colonization level. These results suggest that while spent mushroom compost additions enhanced grain yield, this may have led to a mineral nutrient 'dilution effect' exacerbated by negative impacts on AMF colonization and community composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":18965,"journal":{"name":"Mycorrhiza","volume":"35 6","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145605068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyphosphere interactions: P-solubilizing fungi modulate AMF phosphatase activity and mycorrhizal symbiosis via exudate-mediated communication.","authors":"Ivana F Della Mónica, Alicia M Godeas, J Martín Scervino","doi":"10.1007/s00572-025-01242-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00572-025-01242-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic associations with plant roots, enhancing water and nutrient absorption. Phosphate-solubilizing fungi (PSF) can solubilize and mineralize phosphorus, an essential nutrient with low bioavailability, and eventually interact with AMF. However, the understanding of how they interact in the hyphosphere, where root influence is absent, remains limited. Furthermore, the effect of PSF on the phosphatase activity of AMF, related to the P efficiency in acquisition and utilization, within the hyphosphere and mycorrhizosphere zones, remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of three different PSF (Talaromyces flavus, T. helicus, and T. diversus) exudates on extracellular acid phosphatases and alkaline phosphatases associated with intra- and extraradical AMF structures in the hyphosphere and mycorrhizosphere, in vitro. To achieve this aim, the AMF Rhizophagus intraradices was cultured with Ri T-DNA transformed carrot roots in a system using Petri dishes that mimicked the hyphosphere (with 2 sections: (a) with roots and AMF, and (b) with only AMF) and the mycorrhizosphere (with roots and AMF in the same place). Different concentrations of PSF exudates were placed in either the hyphosphere or the mycorrhizosphere, and at the end of the experiment (8 weeks), the phosphatase activity of the AMF was measured. This research highlights that the enzymatic activity of AMF is modulated by PSF exudates, depending on whether these exudates are present in the hyphosphere or the mycorrhizosphere. Exudates in the hyphosphere, where PSF are directly associated with AMF hyphae, have a more pronounced effect on AMF extraradical alkaline phosphatases than acid phosphatases, and promote symbiosis efficiency. In contrast, PSF exudates in the mycorrhizosphere had a neutral or negative effect on symbiosis efficiency, improving the extraradical alkaline phosphatases of AMF and the acid phosphatases of the roots. Also, the effect depends on the fungal identity. AMF act as mediators in this context, improving communication between the roots and the hyphosphere microbiome. When exploring the soil, the hyphae encounter compounds produced by microorganisms, thus establishing a complex network of interactions. These interactions enhance the symbiotic efficiency of AMF, modulating the host plant without direct contact. These results show that microbial interactions not only influence the efficiency of phosphorus transfer to plants but also have broader implications for soil health and fertility management.</p>","PeriodicalId":18965,"journal":{"name":"Mycorrhiza","volume":"35 6","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145541485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High diversity and variability of root-associated fungi in Aucoumea klaineana, a monodominant Central African timber species.","authors":"Quentin Guidosse, Mélanie Roy, Sébastien Massart, Jean-Louis Doucet, Ludivine Lassois, Caroline De Clerck","doi":"10.1007/s00572-025-01239-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00572-025-01239-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aucoumea klaineana is the most important timber species in Central Africa, naturally forming monodominant stands. While soil fungi are crucial for plant growth, their role in promoting monodominance or supporting suppressed, light-demanding trees remains underexplored. This study, the first to analyze the root mycobiota of A. klaineana, investigates fungal communities in monodominant stands and old-growth mixed forests in Gabon, and plantations in the DRC, sampling both canopy-reaching vs. suppressed individuals, using ITS2 rDNA and 18S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. We identified high fungal diversity in both regions but found no \"core mycobiota\" across stand types or tree social status (canopy-reaching vs. suppressed). Fungal communities varied significantly between stand types, emphasizing a context-dependent nature. Moreover, no distinct fungal communities characterize the mycobiota of suppressed trees. Our findings indicate that fungal associations, including mycorrhizal ones, are unlikely to be a driver of monodominance in A. klaineana. These results highlight the need to consider alternative processes, not related to fungal interactions, such as root grafting, in explaining the persistence of suppressed trees and the dynamics of monodominant stands of A. klaineana. Finally, this study illustrates the highly variable and diverse belowground communities associated with A. klaineana, whose functions and interactions could contribute to the sustainable management of this major timber tree species.</p>","PeriodicalId":18965,"journal":{"name":"Mycorrhiza","volume":"35 6","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145505709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance the quality of Polygala tenuifolia through metabolomic reprogramming.","authors":"Shihao Xu, Yinli Bi","doi":"10.1007/s00572-025-01237-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00572-025-01237-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish symbiotic associations with most plants and play a crucial role in enhancing the quality of medicinal plants. Although AMF is widely applied to improve growth and pharmacological properties, their regulatory mechanisms in Polygala tenuifolia remain unclear. In this study, we systematically examined the effects of five AMF species on the growth and metabolism of P. tenuifolia through pot experiments, integrating phenotypic traits, physiological indices, and untargeted metabolomics. Among the tested fungi, Funneliformis mosseae significantly promoted plant growth and induced the highest accumulation of 3',6-disinapoylsucrose (DISS), a key bioactive metabolite. Metabolomic profiling revealed that AMF, particularly F. mosseae, reprogrammed root metabolism by modulating biosynthetic pathways related to unsaturated fatty acids, diterpenoids, and flavonoids. Correlation analysis revealed that DISS levels were strongly associated with AMF-induced growth promotion index (GPI), total chlorophyll, and flavonoid content, and closely linked to shifts in key metabolites within these pathways. These findings suggest that AMF enhance P. tenuifolia growth and medicinal quality through metabolic reprogramming. This study provides a theoretical basis for selecting efficient AMF species for precision cultivation of medicinal plants and lays the groundwork for future exploration of gene-level mechanisms driving quality formation in P. tenuifolia.</p>","PeriodicalId":18965,"journal":{"name":"Mycorrhiza","volume":"35 6","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145496165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The volatile profiles of three strawberry varieties exhibit common and distinct responses to the inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis and different Pseudomonas fluorescens strains.","authors":"Raphaël Boussageon, Jean-Paul Lemaitre, Francesca Vaccaro, Karine Gourrat, Justine Perrotte, Marine Garnier-Mugneret, Alessio Mengoni, Daniel Wipf, Pierre-Emmanuel Courty","doi":"10.1007/s00572-025-01232-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00572-025-01232-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cultivated strawberry dominates fruit production of the northern hemisphere and provide essential nutrients for human health. However, strawberry production has still a negative impact on agricultural soil and fruit quality does not always meet consumer expectations. Plant-microorganism interactions engineering involving arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobacteria is known to alter plant's metabolic pathways and shape fruit quality (flavour and nutrient content). In our study, 21 Pseudomonas fluorescens strains were isolated from a two-year strawberry cultivation system and screened for their plant growth promoting activities. Four P. fluorescens were selected based on their activity and phylogenetic groups and inoculated in association or not with Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM 197198 on 3 different strawberry genotypes. The volatile profiles of the harvested strawberries were analysed by GC-MS. The abundance of hexanal, a compound used to extend shelf-life and reduce post-harvest diseases, was found more abundant in strawberry fruit from plants inoculated with the AMF R. irregularis than in non-Ri plants. The study showed that metabolite content of strawberries is significantly different between cultivars but exhibits a distinct and consistent pattern in response to P. fluorescens in association or not with the AMF R. irregularis. Our results suggest that the inoculation with P. fluorescens and R. irregularis improves strawberry quality and fine-tunes taste to consumer preference. Broadly, microbiome engineering has the potential to tailor fruit flavour to consumer taste while increasing nutritional benefits and food safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":18965,"journal":{"name":"Mycorrhiza","volume":"35 6","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145445404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Fungicide seed treatments delay arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonization of winter wheat in the greenhouse, but the effect is attenuated in the field.","authors":"Brieuc Hardy, Eléonore Belvaux, Bruno Huyghebaert, Stéphane Declerck, Maryline Calonne-Salmon","doi":"10.1007/s00572-025-01241-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00572-025-01241-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18965,"journal":{"name":"Mycorrhiza","volume":"35 6","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145438586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential impacts of Funneliformis Mosseae and Rhizophagus intraradices on the rice rhizosphere microbiome, nutrient availability, and yield in paddy fields.","authors":"Minyong Shi, Yanling Wu, Ruotong Wu, Junjie Liu, Feng Shi, Xiaoxu Fan, Fuqiang Song","doi":"10.1007/s00572-025-01238-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00572-025-01238-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While the positive impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on rice growth has been well documented, the specific mechanisms by which different AMF species regulate rice growth and the rhizosphere microecosystem are not fully understood. This research investigated two AMF species, Funneliformis mosseae (Fm) and Rhizophagus intraradices (Ri), to elucidate their effects on rice rhizosphere soil characteristics, microbial community structure, and rice yield. Field experiments showed that treatment with Fm resulted in significantly yields (26.96%) compared to Ri (21.19%). Although both AMF species significantly increased mycorrhizal colonization rates compared to the control (Fm: 78.23%, Ri: 70.13% at maturity), they induced distinct improvements in soil properties. Specifically, Fm significantly boosted soil enzyme activities, increasing urease and cellulase activities by 47.29% and 24.62%, respectively, compared to Ri, Conversely, Ri promoted the accumulation of soil available phosphorus (69.81% higher than Fm). Additionally, the two AMF strains influenced the rhizosphere microbial community through different regulatory mechanisms. Fm significantly enriched bacterial taxa related to carbon cycling, such as Chloroflexota and Actinomycetota. Ri not only significantly increased microbial α-diversity but also specifically enriched bacterial function groups related to sulfur cycling. Crucially, the two AMF species optimized interactions between AMF, rice plants, and rhizosphere microorganisms via different structural modifications. Under Fm, fungal community network modularity was significantly higher, while the bacterial network under Ri treatment exhibited stronger connectivity. This study elucidates the distinct mechanisms by which AMF species synergistically enhance rhizosphere soil microenvironmental quality and increase rice yield. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable management of rice fields and suggest new directions for developing environmentally friendly agricultural technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18965,"journal":{"name":"Mycorrhiza","volume":"35 6","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145378014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}