National Bureau of Economic Research最新文献_第6页

Do Local Governments Represent Voter Preferences? Evidence from Hospital Financing under the Affordable Care Act 地方政府代表选民的偏好吗?来自《平价医疗法案》下医院融资的证据

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.3386/W26094

Victoria E Perez, J. Ross, K. Simon

引用次数: 3

Capital in the Nineteenth Century 19世纪的《资本论

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226633251.001.0001

R. Gallman, P. Rhode

{"title":"Capital in the Nineteenth Century","authors":"R. Gallman, P. Rhode","doi":"10.7208/chicago/9780226633251.001.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226633251.001.0001","url":null,"abstract":"When we think about history, we often think about people, events, ideas, and revolutions, but what about the numbers? What do the data tell us about what was, what is, and how things changed over time? Economist Robert E. Gallman (1926–98) gathered extensive data on US capital stock and created a legacy that has, until now, been difficult for researchers to access and appraise in its entirety. Gallman measured American capital stock from a range of perspectives, viewing it as the accumulation of income saved and invested, and as an input into the production process. He used the level and change in the capital stock as proxy measures for long-run economic performance. Analyzing data in this way from the end of the US colonial period to the turn of the twentieth century, Gallman placed our knowledge of the long nineteenth century—the period during which the United States began to experience per capita income growth and became a global economic leader—on a strong empirical foundation. Gallman’s research was painstaking and his analysis meticulous, but he did not publish the material backing to his findings in his lifetime. Here Paul W. Rhode completes this project, giving permanence to a great economist’s insights and craftsmanship. Gallman’s data speak to the role of capital in the economy, which lies at the heart of many of the most pressing issues today.","PeriodicalId":18934,"journal":{"name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85482822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Does School Spending Matter? The New Literature on an Old Question 学校开支重要吗?一个老问题的新文学

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.3386/W25368

Kirabo Jackson

引用次数: 108

Behavior within a Clinical Trial and Implications for Mammography Guidelines 临床试验中的行为及其对乳腺x线照相术指南的影响

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.3386/W25049

Amanda E. Kowalski

{"title":"Behavior within a Clinical Trial and Implications for Mammography Guidelines","authors":"Amanda E. Kowalski","doi":"10.3386/W25049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W25049","url":null,"abstract":"I unite the economics and medical literatures by examining behavior within a clinical trial to inform treatment guidelines. I use data from the Canadian National Breast Screening Study, an influential clinical trial on mammography. During the active study period of the trial, a substantial fraction of women in the control group received mammograms, and some women in the intervention group did not. Using this mammography behavior, random assignment within the trial, and a standard model from the economics literature, I divide participants into three groups that differ in how likely they are to receive mammograms. Making comparisons across these groups, I find two important relationships. First, I find heterogeneous selection into mammography: women more likely to receive mammograms are healthier. I find this relationship using a marginal treatment effect model that assumes no more than the local average treatment effect assumptions. Second, I find treatment effect heterogeneity along the margin of selection into mammography: women more likely to receive mammograms are more likely to experience harm from them. I find this relationship using an ancillary assumption that builds on the first empirical relationship. I find additional empirical support for the ancillary assumption using baseline covariates. My findings contribute to the literature concerned about harms from mammography by demonstrating variation across the margin of selection into mammography. This variation is problematic for current mammography guidelines for women in their 40s because it implies that they unintentionally encourage mammography for healthier women who are more likely to experience harm from them.","PeriodicalId":18934,"journal":{"name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82952540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Mirrlees meets Diamond-Mirrlees: simplifying nonlinear income taxation Mirrlees满足Diamond-Mirrlees:简化非线性所得税

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.3386/W22076

Florian Scheuer, I. Werning

引用次数: 12

Unintended Consequences of Eliminating Tax Havens 消除避税天堂的意外后果

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2018-07-19 DOI: 10.3386/W24850

J. Serrato

引用次数: 64

Return Migrants' Self-Selection: Evidence for Indian Inventors 回归移民的自我选择:印度发明家的证据

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2018-07-13 DOI: 10.7208/9780226695761-003

Stefano Breschi, F. Lissoni, Ernest Miguelez

{"title":"Return Migrants' Self-Selection: Evidence for Indian Inventors","authors":"Stefano Breschi, F. Lissoni, Ernest Miguelez","doi":"10.7208/9780226695761-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7208/9780226695761-003","url":null,"abstract":"Based on an original dataset linking patent data and biographical information for a large sample of US immigrant inventors with Indian names and surnames, specialized in ICT technologies, we investigate the rate and determinants of return migration. For each individual in the dataset, we both estimate the year of entry in the United States, the likely entry channel (work or education), and the permanence spell up to either the return to India or right truncation. By means of survival analysis, we then provide exploratory estimates of the probability of return migration as a function of the conditions at migration (age, education, patenting record, migration motives, and migration cohort) as well as of some activities undertaken while abroad (education and patenting). We find both evidence of negative self-selection with respect to educational achievements in the US and of positive self-selection with respect to patenting propensity. Based on the analysis of time-dependence of the return hazard ratios, return work migrants appear to be negatively self-selected with respect to unobservable skills acquired abroad, while evidence for education migrants is less conclusive.","PeriodicalId":18934,"journal":{"name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","volume":"557 1","pages":"17-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77152809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Sorting or Steering: Experimental Evidence on the Economic Effects of Housing Discrimination 分类还是导向:住房歧视经济效应的实验证据

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2018-07-13 DOI: 10.3386/W24826

P. Christensen, C. Timmins

{"title":"Sorting or Steering: Experimental Evidence on the Economic Effects of Housing Discrimination","authors":"P. Christensen, C. Timmins","doi":"10.3386/W24826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W24826","url":null,"abstract":"Housing discrimination is illegal. However, paired-tester audit experiments have revealed evidence of discrimination in the interactions between potential buyers and real estate agents, raising concern about whether certain groups are systematically excluded from the beneficial effects of healthy neighborhoods. Using data from HUD’s most recent Housing Discrimination Study and micro-level data on key attributes of neighborhoods in 28 US cities, we find strong evidence of discrimination in the characteristics of neighborhoods towards which individuals are steered. Conditional upon the characteristics of the house suggested by the audit tester, minorities are significantly more likely to be steered towards neighborhoods with less economic opportunity and greater exposures to crime and local pollutants. We find that holding locational preferences or income constant, discriminatory steering alone can contribute substantially to the disproportionate number of minority households found in high poverty neighborhoods in the United States. The steering effect is also large enough to fully explain the differential in proximity to Superfund sites among African American mothers. These results have important implications for studies of “neighborhood effects” and confirm an important mechanism underlying observed correlations between race and pollution in the environmental justice literature. Our results also suggest that the basic utility maximization assumptions underlying hedonic and residential sorting models may often be violated, resulting in an important distortion in the provision of local public goods.","PeriodicalId":18934,"journal":{"name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85688018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 36

The Run on Repo and the Fed's Response 回购挤兑和美联储的应对

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.3386/W24866

Gary B. Gorton, Toomas Laarits, Andrew Metrick

引用次数: 3

Do Walmart Supercenters Improve Food Security? 沃尔玛超市能改善食品安全吗？

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.3386/w24750

Charles Courtemanche, Art Carden, Murugi Ndirangu, Xilin Zhou

引用次数: 1