National Bureau of Economic Research最新文献_第3页

How Well Insured are Job Losers? Efficacy of the Public Safety Net. 失业人员的保险有多好?公共安全网的功效。

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.3386/w28218

Chloe N. East, David Simon

引用次数: 9

Aggregate and Distributional Impacts of LTV Policy: Evidence from China's Micro Data LTV政策的总体和分布影响:来自中国微观数据的证据

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.3386/w28092

Kaiji Chen, Qing Wang, Tong Xu, T. Zha

引用次数: 7

Advice-Driven Demand and Systematic Price Fluctuations 建议驱动的需求和系统性的价格波动

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.3386/W28103

Itzhak Ben-David, Jiacui Li, Andrea Rossi, Yang Song

引用次数: 7

Opening the Door: Immigrant Legalization and Family Reunification in the United States 打开大门:美国的移民合法化和家庭团聚

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.3386/w27874

Elizabeth U. Cascio, Ethan G. Lewis

引用次数: 1

Retail Raw: Wisdom of the Robinhood Crowd and the COVID Crisis 零售原材料:罗宾汉人群的智慧和COVID危机

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2020-09-24 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.3696066

I. Welch

引用次数: 73

The Great Lockdown and the Big Stimulus: Tracing the Pandemic Possibility Frontier for the U.S. 大封锁和大刺激:追踪美国大流行的可能性边界

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.3386/w27794

Greg Kaplan, Benjamin Moll, G. Violante

{"title":"The Great Lockdown and the Big Stimulus: Tracing the Pandemic Possibility Frontier for the U.S.","authors":"Greg Kaplan, Benjamin Moll, G. Violante","doi":"10.3386/w27794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w27794","url":null,"abstract":"We provide a quantitative analysis of the trade-offs between health outcomes and the distribution of economic outcomes associated with alternative policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. We integrate an expanded SIR model of virus spread into a macroeconomic model with realistic income and wealth inequality, as well as occupational and sectoral heterogeneity. In the model, as in the data, economic exposure to the pandemic is strongly correlated with financial vulnerability, leading to very uneven economic losses across the population. We summarize our findings through a \"distributional pandemic possibility frontier,\" which shows the distribution of economic welfare costs associated with the different aggregate mortality rates arising under alternative containment and fiscal strategies. For all combinations of health and economic policies we consider, the economic welfare costs of the pandemic are large and heterogeneous. Thus, the choice governments face when designing policy is not just between lives and livelihoods, as is often emphasized, but also over who should bear the burden of the economic costs. We offer a quantitative framework to evaluate both trade-offs.","PeriodicalId":18934,"journal":{"name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75204599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 97

Forced) Feminist Firms 强迫)女权主义公司

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2020-08-29 DOI: 10.3386/w27788

Benjamin Bennett, Isil Erel, L. Stern, Zexi Wang

引用次数: 3

Optimal Management of a Pandemic in the Short Run and the Long Run 短期和长期大流行的最佳管理

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2020-08-27 DOI: 10.3386/w27742

Andrew B. Abel, Stavros Panageas

引用次数: 13

The Aggregate Effects of Fiscal Stimulus: Evidence from the COVID-19 Unemployment Supplement 财政刺激的总体效应:来自COVID-19失业补助的证据

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.3386/w27576

Miguel Garza Casado, Britta Glennon, J. Lane, David McQuown, Daniel P. Rich, Bruce A. Weinberg

{"title":"The Aggregate Effects of Fiscal Stimulus: Evidence from the COVID-19 Unemployment Supplement","authors":"Miguel Garza Casado, Britta Glennon, J. Lane, David McQuown, Daniel P. Rich, Bruce A. Weinberg","doi":"10.3386/w27576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w27576","url":null,"abstract":"Policymakers, faced with different options for replacing lost earnings, have had limited evidence to inform their decisions. The current economic crisis has highlighted the need for data that are local and timely so that different fiscal policy options on local economies can be more immediately evaluated. This paper provides a framework for evaluating real-time effects of fiscal policy on local economic activity using two new sources of near real-time data. The first data source is administrative records that provide universal, weekly, information on unemployment claimants. The second data source is transaction level data on economic activity that are available on a daily basis. We use shift-share approaches, combined with these two data sources and the novel cross-county variation in the incidence of the COVID-19 supplement to Unemployment Insurance to estimate the local impact of unemployment, earnings replacement, and their interaction on economic activity. We find that higher replacement rates lead to significantly more consumer spending – even with increases in the unemployment rate – consistent with the goal of the fiscal stimulus. Our estimates suggest that, based on the latest data, eliminating the Federal Pandemic Unemployment Compensation (FPUC) supplement would lead to a 44% decline in local spending. If the FPUC supplement is reduced to $200, resulting in a reduction of the replacement rate by 44%, spending would fall by 28%. Even if the FPUC supplement is reduced to $400, the replacement rate would fall by 29% and spending would fall by 12%. Because these data are available in every state, the approach can be used to inform decision making not just in this current crisis, but also in future recessions.","PeriodicalId":18934,"journal":{"name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85325612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Financing Municipal Water and Sanitation Services in Nairobi’s Informal Settlements 资助内罗毕非正式住区的市政供水和卫生服务

National Bureau of Economic Research Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.3386/w27569

Aidan Coville, S. Galiani, P. Gertler, Susumu Yoshida

{"title":"Financing Municipal Water and Sanitation Services in Nairobi’s Informal Settlements","authors":"Aidan Coville, S. Galiani, P. Gertler, Susumu Yoshida","doi":"10.3386/w27569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w27569","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the recent focus in the delivery of public utility services has been on last mile connections to water, sewerage and electricity grids. However, the high frequency of nonpayment for services associated with this expansion has created a fiscal crisis for public utilities and has forced utilities to ration services. Public utilities afraid that service disconnections will have political consequences are reluctant to enforce payment with service cutoff. We test this hypothesis using a field experiment in the slums of Nairobi with two interventions intended to improve repayment for water and sewage services: a soft encouragement that informs tenants about landlord’s payment delinquency and, second, a hard threat of disconnection for nonpayment with enforcement if landlords do not pay. While we find no effect of the soft encouragement intervention, we find very large effects of the disconnection intervention on repayment. Moreover, there seems to be no effect on landlord and tenant perceptions of utility fairness or quality of service delivery, on community activism, on the relationships of tenants with their landlords, or on child health. To counterbalance the effective increase in utility fees paid, landlords increase their rental income by both renting out additional space in their compounds and by marginally increasing tenant rents. These results suggest that strict enforcement through disconnections increases payment and the financial position of the utility without incurring political costs.","PeriodicalId":18934,"journal":{"name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72706331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4