Nature Photonics最新文献

{"title":"Electrochemistry meets Photophysics for single-molecule localization","authors":"Christian Franke, Christian Eggeling","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01459-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01459-2","url":null,"abstract":"The electrochemical triggering of fluorophores in dSTORM enables one to actively control their switching behaviours, resulting in improved spatial resolution and precise molecular counting down to the single molecule level in emitter-dense areas.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141561553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast free-electron laser targets the future","authors":"David Pile","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01477-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01477-0","url":null,"abstract":"Following first lasing at LCLS-II — a coherent X-ray laser source driven by a 700-m superconducting linear accelerator — several upgrades are already in the works. Nature Photonics spoke to LCLS director Mike Dunne about LCLS-II commissioning hurdles as well as future plans.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141561245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel light manipulation","authors":"Noriaki Horiuchi","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01472-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01472-5","url":null,"abstract":"Novel optical components that withstand high-power laser irradiation and micro light-emitting diodes capable of full-colour emission were highlights of the Japan Society of Applied Physics Spring Meeting.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141561247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep focusing with broadband light","authors":"Roarke Horstmeyer, Lucas Kreiss","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01473-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01473-4","url":null,"abstract":"Broadband energy can be delivered to extended targets deep inside a multiple-scattering system, paving ways for using broadband, partially incoherent light in a wide range of applications, such as deep-tissue imaging, laser therapy and optogenetics.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141561250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple yet powerful","authors":"Weiwei Cai, Zongyin Yang, Zhipei Sun, Tawfique Hasan","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01470-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01470-7","url":null,"abstract":"A high-dimensional photodetection system that combines a lens and a thin-film interface enables simultaneous measurements of light spectrum and polarization states, with the aid of a deep neural network.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141561249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic-scale terahertz time-domain spectroscopy","authors":"V. Jelic, S. Adams, M. Hassan, K. Cleland-Host, S. E. Ammerman, T. L. Cocker","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01467-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01467-2","url":null,"abstract":"Lightwave-driven terahertz scanning tunnelling microscopy (THz-STM) is capable of exploring ultrafast dynamics across a wide range of materials with ångström resolution (10−10 m). In contrast to scanning near-field optical microscopy, where photons scattered by the tip apex are analysed to access the local dielectric function on the nanoscale, THz-STM uses a strong-field single-cycle terahertz pulse to drive an ultrafast current across a tunnel junction, thereby probing the local density of electronic states. Yet, the terahertz field in a THz-STM junction may also be spectrally modified by the local electromagnetic response of the sample. Here we demonstrate atomic-scale terahertz time-domain spectroscopy by combining waveform sampling with terahertz scanning tunnelling spectroscopy to study a single gallium arsenide surface defect, which exhibits a strongly localized terahertz resonance and resembles the elusive DX centre. These results are based on a generally applicable and self-consistent approach for terahertz near-field waveform acquisition in a tunnel junction that can distinguish local sample properties from effects due to terahertz pulse coupling, enabling comprehensive near-field microscopy on the atomic scale. Ångström-scale terahertz time-domain spectroscopy is demonstrated in a lightwave-driven scanning tunnelling microscope. Employing a metal surface as a reference, local terahertz near-fields are used for spectroscopy of a single atom resonator defect in doped gallium arsenide.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141546065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coherently amplified ultrafast imaging using a free-electron interferometer","authors":"Tomer Bucher, Harel Nahari, Hanan Herzig Sheinfux, Ron Ruimy, Arthur Niedermayr, Raphael Dahan, Qinghui Yan, Yuval Adiv, Michael Yannai, Jialin Chen, Yaniv Kurman, Sang Tae Park, Daniel J. Masiel, Eli Janzen, James H. Edgar, Fabrizio Carbone, Guy Bartal, Shai Tsesses, Frank H. L. Koppens, Giovanni Maria Vanacore, Ido Kaminer","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01451-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01451-w","url":null,"abstract":"Accessing the low-energy non-equilibrium dynamics of materials and their polaritons with simultaneous high spatial and temporal resolution has been a bold frontier of electron microscopy in recent years. One of the main challenges lies in the ability to retrieve extremely weak signals and simultaneously disentangling the amplitude and phase information. Here we present free-electron Ramsey imaging—a microscopy approach based on light-induced electron modulation that enables the coherent amplification of optical near fields in electron imaging. We provide simultaneous time-, space- and phase-resolved measurements of a micro-drum made from a hexagonal boron nitride membrane, visualizing the sub-cycle dynamics of two-dimensional polariton wavepackets therein. The phase-resolved measurement reveals vortex–anti-vortex singularities on the polariton wavefronts, together with an intriguing phenomenon of a travelling wave mimicking the amplitude profile of a standing wave. Our experiments show a 20-fold coherent amplification of the near-field signal compared with conventional electron near-field imaging, resolving peak field intensities in the order of a few watts per square centimetre, corresponding to field amplitudes of a few kilovolts per metre. As a result, our work paves the way for the spatiotemporal electron microscopy of biological specimens and quantum materials, exciting yet delicate samples that are currently difficult to investigate. Free-electron Ramsey imaging enables space-, time- and phase-resolved electron imaging of weak optical near fields. Owing to its phase-resolving ability, this technique images chiral vortex–anti-vortex phase singularities of phonon-polariton modes in hexagonal boron nitride.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141495993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-entropy hybrid perovskites with disordered organic moieties for perovskite solar cells","authors":"Yuan Tian, Xu Zhang, Ke Zhao, Xiaohe Miao, Tianqi Deng, Wei Fan, Donger Jin, Xuanyu Jiang, Shulin Zhong, Xiaonan Wang, Sisi Wang, Pengju Shi, Liuwen Tian, Libing Yao, Shaokuan Gong, Xuemeng Yu, Xingyu Gao, Zhong Chen, Xihan Chen, Yunhao Lu, Vinayak Shrote, Yang Yang, Deren Yang, Rui Wang, Jingjing Xue","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01468-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01468-1","url":null,"abstract":"High-entropy materials consisting of disordered multiple components can exhibit enhanced materials properties compared with their individual constituents. Although various high-entropy materials have been developed based on the configurational disorder of mixed inorganic components, the potential of organic moieties for high-entropy structures remains underexplored. Here we report a family of high-entropy organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites for photovoltaic applications. By mixing different A-site organic cations with various alkyl chains, we obtain a hybrid crystal structure with ordered inorganic frameworks and disordered organic moieties, leading to increased entropy. The hybrid perovskite exhibits superior properties compared with its single-component counterpart, including increased resilience to structural transitions and heat stress. When used in solar cells, the high-entropy hybrid perovskite leads to devices with a power conversion efficiency of 25.7% (certified, 25.5%) for an inverted-cell architecture. Cells retain over 98% of their initial power conversion efficiency after 1,000 h of operation under continuous illumination (AM 1.5 G), with a linear extrapolation to the T90 value of 5,040 h. In particular, the structural disorder of this class of high-entropy materials can also reduce non-radiative recombinations for a wide range of perovskite composition, stoichiometry deviation, film-processing history and device architecture. This universal and error-tolerant strategy can, thus, benefit the production yield of perovskite solar cells in future industrial mass production. Given the rich chemistry of organic moieties and mixing configuration, this work may also open up more opportunities to tune the stability and optoelectronic properties of perovskite materials for photoelectric applications. High-entropy hybrid perovskites exhibit improved materials properties compared with their individual components. When employed in solar cells, champion devices achieve a certified power conversion efficiency of 25.5% and an extrapolated T90 lifetime of over 5,000 h under continuous light soaking.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141475157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct observation of atmospheric turbulence with a video-rate wide-field wavefront sensor","authors":"Yuduo Guo, Yuhan Hao, Sen Wan, Hao Zhang, Laiyu Zhu, Yi Zhang, Jiamin Wu, Qionghai Dai, Lu Fang","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01466-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01466-3","url":null,"abstract":"Turbulence is a complex and chaotic state of fluid motion. Atmospheric turbulence within the Earth’s atmosphere poses fundamental challenges for applications such as remote sensing, free-space optical communications and astronomical observation due to its rapid evolution across temporal and spatial scales. Conventional methods for studying atmospheric turbulence face hurdles in capturing the wide-field distribution of turbulence due to its transparency and anisoplanatism. Here we develop a light-field-based plug-and-play wide-field wavefront sensor (WWS), facilitating the direct observation of atmospheric turbulence over 1,100 arcsec at 30 Hz. The experimental measurements agreed with the von Kármán turbulence model, further verified using a differential image motion monitor. Attached to an 80 cm telescope, our WWS enables clear turbulence profiling of three layers below an altitude of 750 m and high-resolution aberration-corrected imaging without additional deformable mirrors. The WWS also enables prediction of the evolution of turbulence dynamics within 33 ms using a convolutional recurrent neural network with wide-field measurements, leading to more accurate pre-compensation of turbulence-induced errors during free-space optical communication. Wide-field sensing of dynamic turbulence wavefronts provides new opportunities for studying the evolution of turbulence in the broad field of atmospheric optics. A wide-field wavefront sensor consisting of a microlens array on the native image plane enables observation of atmospheric turbulence over a field of view of 1,100 arcsec at 30 Hz with an 80 cm telescope. With the aid of a neural network, turbulence can be predicted 33 ms in advance.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41566-024-01466-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141475270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Millimetre-deep micrometre-resolution vibrational imaging by shortwave infrared photothermal microscopy","authors":"Hongli Ni, Yuhao Yuan, Mingsheng Li, Yifan Zhu, Xiaowei Ge, Jiaze Yin, Chinmayee Prabhu Dessai, Le Wang, Ji-Xin Cheng","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01463-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01463-6","url":null,"abstract":"Deep tissue chemical imaging has a vital role in biological and medical applications. Current approaches suffer from water absorption and tissue scattering, which limits imaging depth to hundreds of micrometres. The shortwave infrared spectral window allows deep tissue imaging but typically features unsatisfactory spatial resolution or low detection sensitivity. Here we present a shortwave infrared photothermal (SWIP) microscope for millimetre-deep vibrational imaging with micrometre lateral resolution. By pumping the overtone transition of carbon–hydrogen bonds and probing the subsequent photothermal lens with shortwave infrared light, SWIP can obtain chemical contrast from 1 μm polymer particles located at 800 μm depth in a highly scattering phantom. The amplitude of the SWIP signal is shown to be 63 times larger than that of the optically probed photoacoustic signal. We further demonstrate that SWIP can resolve intracellular lipids across an intact tumour spheroid and the layered structure in thick liver, skin, brain and breast tissues. SWIP microscopy fills a gap in vibrational imaging with subcellular resolution and millimetre-level penetration, which heralds broad potential for life science and clinical applications. Shortwave infrared photothermal microscopy enables chemical imaging at millimetre depths with a micrometre spatial resolution in tissue-mimicking phantoms, intact tumour spheroids and various biological tissues.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141448227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}