Nature Photonics最新文献_第9页

Observation of Floquet states and their dephasing in colloidal nanoplatelets driven by visible pulses 观察可见光脉冲驱动的胶体纳米微粒中的 Floquet 状态及其相消现象

IF 32.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01505-z

Yuxuan Li, Yupeng Yang, Yuan Liu, Jingyi Zhu, Kaifeng Wu

{"title":"Observation of Floquet states and their dephasing in colloidal nanoplatelets driven by visible pulses","authors":"Yuxuan Li, Yupeng Yang, Yuan Liu, Jingyi Zhu, Kaifeng Wu","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01505-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01505-z","url":null,"abstract":"Coherent interaction between light and matter generates photon-dressed replicas of the original electronic levels (that is, Floquet states). This opens up a so-called field of Floquet engineering that applies electromagnetic fields to create new non-equilibrium phases of solid-state materials. The direct observation of such Floquet states, which often requires low-temperature, high-vacuum housing of the interrogated materials and low-energy infrared photons or microwaves as the driver, has been challenging. Here we report the observation of Floquet states in CdSe nanoplatelets, which are the colloidal analogue of quantum wells, under ambient conditions using femtosecond transient absorption. A sub-bandgap visible photon dresses a heavy-hole state (|hh1〉) to a Floquet state (|hh1 + ℏωL〉) that can hybridize with the first quantized electron state (|e1〉). This enables us to probe the Floquet state using a near-infrared photon through its transition to the second quantized electron state (|e2〉). Dephasing of the Floquet state into the real population of |e1〉 is also directly observed with a dephasing time of a few hundred femtoseconds, which is well reproduced by our density matrix simulations. Researchers demonstrate the ambient-condition observation of Floquet states in CdSe nanoplatelets, a colloidal analogue of quantum wells.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 10","pages":"1044-1051"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141974152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chiral topological light for detection of robust enantiosensitive observables 用于检测稳健对映敏感观测值的手性拓扑光

IF 32.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01499-8

Nicola Mayer, David Ayuso, Piero Decleva, Margarita Khokhlova, Emilio Pisanty, Misha Ivanov, Olga Smirnova

{"title":"Chiral topological light for detection of robust enantiosensitive observables","authors":"Nicola Mayer, David Ayuso, Piero Decleva, Margarita Khokhlova, Emilio Pisanty, Misha Ivanov, Olga Smirnova","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01499-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01499-8","url":null,"abstract":"The topological response of matter to electromagnetic fields is a highly demanded property in materials design and metrology due to its robustness against noise and decoherence, stimulating recent advances in ultrafast photonics. Embedding topological properties into the enantiosensitive optical response of chiral molecules could therefore enhance the efficiency and robustness of chiral optical discrimination. Here we achieve such a topological embedding by introducing the concept of chiral topological light—a light beam which displays chirality locally, with an azimuthal distribution of its handedness described globally by a topological charge. The topological charge is mapped onto the azimuthal intensity modulation of the non-linear optical response, where enantiosensitivity is encoded into its spatial rotation. The spatial rotation is robust against intensity fluctuations and imperfect local polarization states of the driving field. Our theoretical results show that chiral topological light enables detection of percentage-level enantiomeric excesses in randomly oriented mixtures of chiral molecules, opening a way to new, extremely sensitive and robust chiro-optical spectroscopies with attosecond time resolution. The concept of chiral topological light—a polychromatic light with chiral closed 3D polarization trajectories, space-varying with the azimuthal angle—is introduced and used for efficient sensing in chiral molecules, showcasing an example of successful application of topological concepts in optics.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 11","pages":"1155-1160"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41566-024-01499-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141974153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bose–Einstein condensation of photons in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser 垂直腔表面发射激光器中光子的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚

IF 32.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01478-z

Maciej Pieczarka, Marcin Gębski, Aleksandra N. Piasecka, James A. Lott, Axel Pelster, Michał Wasiak, Tomasz Czyszanowski

{"title":"Bose–Einstein condensation of photons in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser","authors":"Maciej Pieczarka, Marcin Gębski, Aleksandra N. Piasecka, James A. Lott, Axel Pelster, Michał Wasiak, Tomasz Czyszanowski","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01478-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01478-z","url":null,"abstract":"Many bosons can occupy a single quantum state without a limit. It is described by the quantum-mechanical Bose–Einstein statistic, which allows Bose–Einstein condensation at low temperatures and high particle densities. Photons, historically the first considered bosonic gas, were late to show this phenomenon, observed in rhodamine-filled microcavities and doped fibre cavities. These findings have raised the question of whether condensation is also common in other laser systems with potential technological applications. Here we show the Bose–Einstein condensation of photons in a broad-area vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser with a slight cavity-gain spectral detuning. We observed a Bose–Einstein condensate in the fundamental transversal optical mode at a critical phase-space density. The experimental results follow the equation of state for a two-dimensional gas of bosons in thermal equilibrium, although the extracted spectral temperatures were lower than the device’s. This is interpreted as originating from the driven-dissipative nature of the photon gas. In contrast, non-equilibrium lasing action is observed in the higher-order modes in more negatively detuned device. Our work opens the way for the potential exploration of superfluid physics of interacting photons mediated by semiconductor optical nonlinearities. It also shows great promise for enabling single-mode high-power emission from a large-aperture device. Bose–Einstein condensation of photons is demonstrated in a large-aperture electrically driven InGaAs vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser diode at room temperature. The observed photon Bose–Einstein condensate exhibits the fundamental transversal optical mode at a critical phase-space density.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 10","pages":"1090-1096"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41566-024-01478-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bose–Einstein condensation of light in a semiconductor quantum well microcavity 光在半导体量子阱微腔中的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚

IF 32.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01491-2

Ross C. Schofield, Ming Fu, Edmund Clarke, Ian Farrer, Aristotelis Trapalis, Himadri S. Dhar, Rick Mukherjee, Toby Severs Millard, Jon Heffernan, Florian Mintert, Robert A. Nyman, Rupert F. Oulton

{"title":"Bose–Einstein condensation of light in a semiconductor quantum well microcavity","authors":"Ross C. Schofield, Ming Fu, Edmund Clarke, Ian Farrer, Aristotelis Trapalis, Himadri S. Dhar, Rick Mukherjee, Toby Severs Millard, Jon Heffernan, Florian Mintert, Robert A. Nyman, Rupert F. Oulton","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01491-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01491-2","url":null,"abstract":"When particles with integer spin accumulate at low temperature and high density, they undergo Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC). Atoms, magnons, solid-state excitons, surface plasmon polaritons and excitons coupled to light exhibit BEC, which results in high coherence due to massive occupation of the respective system’s ground state. Surprisingly, photons were shown to exhibit BEC recently in organic-dye-filled optical microcavities, which—owing to the photon’s low mass—occurs at room temperature. Here we demonstrate that photons within an inorganic semiconductor microcavity also thermalize and undergo BEC. Although semiconductor lasers are understood to operate out of thermal equilibrium, we identify a region of good thermalization in our system where we can clearly distinguish laser action from BEC. Semiconductor microcavities are a robust system for exploring the physics and applications of quantum statistical photon condensates. In practical terms, photon BECs offer their critical behaviour at lower thresholds than lasers. Our study shows two further advantages: the lack of dark electronic states in inorganic semiconductors allows these BECs to be sustained continuously; and quantum wells offer stronger photon–photon scattering. We measure an unoptimized interaction parameter ( $$tilde{{{{{g}}}}}$$ ≳ 10–3), which is large enough to access the rich physics of interactions within BECs, such as superfluid light. Photon Bose–Einstein condensation is observed in a semiconductor laser, where thermalization and condensation of photons occur using an InGaAs quantum well and an open microcavity. The distinction between regimes of photon Bose–Einstein condensation and conventional lasing are clearly identified.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 10","pages":"1083-1089"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41566-024-01491-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An 8 × 160 Gb s−1 all-silicon avalanche photodiode chip 8 × 160 Gb s-1 全硅雪崩光电二极管芯片

IF 32.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01495-y

Yiwei Peng, Yuan Yuan, Wayne V. Sorin, Stanley Cheung, Zhihong Huang, Chaerin Hong, Di Liang, Marco Fiorentino, Raymond G. Beausoleil

{"title":"An 8 × 160 Gb s−1 all-silicon avalanche photodiode chip","authors":"Yiwei Peng, Yuan Yuan, Wayne V. Sorin, Stanley Cheung, Zhihong Huang, Chaerin Hong, Di Liang, Marco Fiorentino, Raymond G. Beausoleil","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01495-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01495-y","url":null,"abstract":"In response to growing demands on data traffic, silicon (Si) photonics has emerged as a promising technology for ultra-high-speed and low-cost optical interconnects. However, achieving high-performance photodetectors with Si photonics requires integrating narrower-bandgap materials, resulting in more complex fabrication processes, higher costs and yield issues. To address this challenge, we demonstrate an all-Si receiver (RX) based on a cost-efficient, eight-channel, double-microring-resonator, avalanche photodiode. It has an aggregate data rate of 1.28 Tb s−1. All channels show excellent uniformity in their device performance with a responsivity of 0.4 A W−1, an ultra-low dark current of 1 nA, a high bandwidth of 40 GHz at −8 V and a $$k$$ value of 0.28. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of an all-Si RX supporting a record-high transmission data rate of 160 Gb s−1 per channel, along with an ultra-low electrical crosstalk of less than −50 dB. This all-Si optical RX can compete with the commercial heterojunction-based RXs and promises ~40% chip cost saving, thus paving the way to realizing >3.2 Tb s−1 interconnects for future optical networks. Researchers demonstrate a receiver based on an all-Si eight-channel avalanche photodiode, which operates at a data rate of 160 Gb s−1 per channel and has an aggregate rate of 1.28 Tb s−1.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 9","pages":"928-934"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141909226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Colossal in-plane optical anisotropy in a two-dimensional van der Waals crystal 二维范德华晶体中巨大的面内光学各向异性

IF 32.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01501-3

Qiangbing Guo, Qiuhong Zhang, Tan Zhang, Jun Zhou, Shumin Xiao, Shijie Wang, Yuan Ping Feng, Cheng-Wei Qiu

{"title":"Colossal in-plane optical anisotropy in a two-dimensional van der Waals crystal","authors":"Qiangbing Guo, Qiuhong Zhang, Tan Zhang, Jun Zhou, Shumin Xiao, Shijie Wang, Yuan Ping Feng, Cheng-Wei Qiu","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01501-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41566-024-01501-3","url":null,"abstract":"Polarization, a fundamental property of light, has been widely exploited from quantum physics to high-dimensional optics. Materials with intrinsic optical anisotropy, such as dichroism and birefringence, are central to light polarization control, including the development of polarizers, waveplates, mirrors and phase-matching elements. Therefore, materials with strong optical anisotropy have been long-sought. Recently, two-dimensional van der Waals crystals show high optical anisotropy but are mostly restricted to the out-of-plane direction, which is challenging to access in optical engineering. Here we report a two-dimensional van der Waals material, NbOCl2, that exhibits sharp electronic and structural contrast between its in-plane orthogonal axes. Colossal in-plane optical anisotropy—linear dichroism (up to 99% in ultraviolet) and birefringence (0.26–0.46 within a wide visible–near-infrared transparency window)—is experimentally demonstrated. Our findings provide a powerful and easy-to-access recipe for ultracompact integrated polarization industries. A two-dimensional van der Waals material, NbOCl2, that simultaneously exhibits near-unity linear dichroism (~99%) over 100 nm bandwidth in ultraviolet regime and large birefringence (0.26–0.46) within a wide visible–near-infrared transparency window is reported.","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"18 11","pages":"1170-1175"},"PeriodicalIF":32.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141904675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantum entanglement measures Earth’s rotation 量子纠缠测量地球自转

IF 32.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01490-3

Giampaolo Pitruzzello

引用次数: 0

Joseph A. Izatt (1962–2024) 约瑟夫-A-伊扎特（1962-2024）

IF 32.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01489-w

Marinko V. Sarunic, Cynthia A. Toth

引用次数: 0

Extreme nonlinear excitonic interactions 极端非线性激子相互作用