Nature Reviews Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Twenty years of progress in type 1 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Thomas W. H. Kay, Jennifer J. Couper","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01177-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01177-x","url":null,"abstract":"Future treatment targets for type 1 diabetes mellitus will be truly normal blood levels of glucose with a minimum of exogenous insulin and no hypoglycaemia. Here, we present some of the landmark trials from the past 20 years that are driving progress to that goal.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":40.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145031777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FDA fast-track approval of belzutifan is a milestone in rare cancer therapy","authors":"Carlota Arenillas, Rodrigo A. Toledo","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01183-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01183-z","url":null,"abstract":"FDA approval of the selective HIF2α inhibitor belzutifan for advanced phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) is an important milestone in precision oncology. This achievement underscores the power of scientific collaboration in establishing HIF2α as a central driver of PPGL pathogenesis and offers hope for a historically underserved group of patients.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":40.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145031725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twenty years of progress in human exercise metabolism research","authors":"John A. Hawley, Nolan J. Hoffman","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01181-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01181-1","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular biology and omics-based approaches over the past 20 years have rapidly advanced the discipline of exercise metabolism. Here, we examine three innovative human metabolic studies that have increased our understanding of exercise’s complex molecular landscape in skeletal muscle and beyond, and highlight key future directions.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":40.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145017620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and opportunities of wearable molecular sensors in endocrinology and metabolism","authors":"Andreas T. Güntner, Philipp A. Gerber, Petra S. Dittrich, Nicola Serra, Alessio Figalli, Milo A. Puhan, Felix Beuschlein","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01175-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01175-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wearable technologies that analyse non-conventional biological matrices, such as interstitial fluid, sweat, tears or breath, have the potential to provide longitudinal biomarker data with minimal invasiveness. These data could provide insights into physiological and behavioural patterns, in particular outside medical care facilities. Despite the success of continuous glucose monitoring, the adoption of wearable sensors for managing endocrine and metabolic diseases remains limited. This Perspective highlights five key challenges and proposes solutions. First, understanding the physiology of longitudinal biomarker profiles is crucial for uncovering rhythmic patterns and physiological interrelations in the prediction of health trajectories. Second, technical barriers currently hinder the continuous monitoring of most clinically relevant biomarkers. Third, machine learning models often struggle with the complexity of dense biomarker datasets, which increases the risk of spurious correlations. Fourth, the diagnostic value of wearable sensor data requires validation through clinical studies, and predicting treatment outcomes necessitates diverse and large patient cohorts over extended observation periods in real-world settings. Finally, most wearable devices function as isolated solutions. Thus, they lack interoperability and integration into clinical pathways, and often fail to incorporate context and user input. Addressing these challenges will be key for advancing the role of wearable sensors in endocrine and metabolic care in future health-care settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":40.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145009272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two decades into the crosstalk between bone and energy metabolism","authors":"Patricia Ducy","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01179-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01179-9","url":null,"abstract":"Aside from a few days around Halloween, the skeleton tends not to have a positive image. However, at least in the biomedical field, this view is changing as bone is now identified as an endocrine organ that positively regulates a broad range of key functions, including several aspects of energy metabolism.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":40.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144983289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling the rise in thyroid cancer incidence and addressing overdiagnosis","authors":"Debbie W. Chen, Megan R. Haymart","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01168-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01168-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The global incidence of thyroid cancer has risen sharply since the 1980s, whereas thyroid cancer mortality rates have remained relatively stable. Much of the increase in incidence can be attributed to overdiagnosis of small and indolent papillary thyroid cancers, which has largely been driven by widespread (and sometimes inappropriate) use of imaging studies, especially thyroid and neck ultrasonography. To a lesser extent, increases in the incidence rate of advanced-stage thyroid cancer over the past four decades have also contributed to the observed trends. This Review describes changes in the incidence of thyroid cancer over the past 40 years, outlines well-known and potential risk factors, including obesity and environmental exposures, and explores strategies to address the public-health issues of overdiagnosis and the consequent overtreatment of thyroid cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":40.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New maps and new challenges in the post-genomic era","authors":"Sophia Metz","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01178-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01178-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sometimes in science a discovery not only expands our knowledge but also changes how we approach and understand it. For much of modern biology, the human genome was a fragmented puzzle with individual parts studied separately. Researchers faced this complexity with limited tools and incomplete information, and often made progress through slow, meticulous effort. The publication of the human genome sequence by the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium in <i>Nature</i> in 2001 heralded a fundamental shift. The genome became a reference — an accessible resource that could be systematically read, compared and analysed on a large scale. This change accelerated discoveries and reshaped scientific questions, which enabled new methodologies, and an integrated understanding of human biology.</p><p>The consortium’s research produced a detailed reference map of approximately 90% of the euchromatic genome and a comprehensive catalogue of human genes, including protein-coding sequences, regulatory regions and noncoding RNAs. One surprising finding was that the human genome contains far fewer protein-coding genes than expected, initially estimated at 100,000 but today believed to be just over 20,000. The project also revealed that nearly half of the genome comprises repetitive elements (such as transposable elements) and segmental duplications scattered throughout. These features provided early insights into genome structure, evolution and mechanisms of genetic regulation, including hotspots for chromosomal rearrangements linked to disease. Alongside this, the mapped genome spurred the development of new bioinformatics tools and methodologies, functional genomics, comparative genomics and large-scale genome-wide association studies. The openly available reference genome prompted data-driven, genome-wide approaches and established itself as the backbone of biomedical research. In endocrinology, it has facilitated the discovery of genetic variants involved in endocrine disorders and metabolic regulation, which has advanced our understanding of complex traits and supported the development of diagnostics and therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":40.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PCOS research from the past to the future","authors":"Bulent O. Yildiz","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01174-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01174-0","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past two decades, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been redefined from a symptom-based condition to a biologically complex disorder with distinct genetic, developmental and phenotypic features. Translating these advances into precision diagnostics, early interventions and equitable care is essential to improve outcomes.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":40.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144898016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redefining thyroid cancer management","authors":"Laura Sterian Ward, Lucas Leite Cunha","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01173-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01173-1","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroid cancer management has evolved from a uniform, surgery-centric approach to a paradigm of precise diagnosis and personalized therapy. Transformative advances have occurred in the past two decades; however, global inequities in accessing these innovations are a key challenge.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":40.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144898027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The past and future of obesity research","authors":"Matthias Blüher","doi":"10.1038/s41574-025-01172-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01172-2","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past 20 years, obesity research has resulted in a better understanding of the complex disease mechanisms underlying the condition, including biological, behavioural, societal and environmental factors. Although obesity research in the past 10 years has resulted in very effective and safe obesity treatments, more research is needed to improve the lives of people with obesity.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":40.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144898028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}