Nature reviews. Chemistry最新文献_第4页

Exploring the boundaries of covalency 探索共价的界限

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00672-5

Zuping Xiong , Haoke Zhang

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Smart molecular designs and applications of activatable organic photosensitizers 可活化有机光敏剂的智能分子设计与应用

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00662-7

Eleni Nestoros, Amit Sharma, Eunji Kim, Jong Seung Kim, Marc Vendrell

{"title":"Smart molecular designs and applications of activatable organic photosensitizers","authors":"Eleni Nestoros, Amit Sharma, Eunji Kim, Jong Seung Kim, Marc Vendrell","doi":"10.1038/s41570-024-00662-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41570-024-00662-7","url":null,"abstract":"Photodynamic therapy (PDT) — which combines light, oxygen and photosensitizers (PS) to generate reactive oxygen species — has emerged as an effective approach for targeted ablation of pathogenic cells with reduced risk of inducing resistance. Some organic PS are now being applied for PDT in the clinic or undergoing evaluation in clinical trials. A limitation of the first-generation organic PS was their potential off-target toxicity. This shortcoming prompted the design of constructs that can be activated by the presence of specific biomolecules — from small biomolecules to large enzymes — in the target cells. Here, we review advances in the design and synthesis of activatable organic PS and their contribution to PDT in the past decade. Important areas of research include novel synthetic methodologies to engineer smart PS with tuneable singlet oxygen generation, their integration into larger constructs such as bioconjugates, and finally, representative examples of their translational potential as antimicrobial and anticancer therapies. Advances in activatable organic photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy are reviewed, highlighting novel synthetic methodologies, their integration into bioconjugates, and their potential in antimicrobial and anticancer treatments, addressing off-target toxicity and enhancing targeted ablation of pathogenic cells.","PeriodicalId":18849,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews. Chemistry","volume":"9 1","pages":"46-60"},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Green rust for green chemistry 绿色化学的绿色铁锈

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00669-0

John Dickenson

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Assembling a new generation of radiopharmaceuticals with supramolecular theranostics 利用超分子疗法组装新一代放射性药物

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00657-4

Guillermo Moreno-Alcántar, Marike Drexler, Angela Casini

{"title":"Assembling a new generation of radiopharmaceuticals with supramolecular theranostics","authors":"Guillermo Moreno-Alcántar, Marike Drexler, Angela Casini","doi":"10.1038/s41570-024-00657-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41570-024-00657-4","url":null,"abstract":"Supramolecular chemistry has been used to tackle some of the major challenges in modern science, including cancer therapy and diagnosis. Supramolecular platforms provide synthetic flexibility, rapid generation through self-assembly, facile labelling, unique topologies, tunable reversibility of the enabling noncovalent interactions, and opportunities for host–guest chemistry and mechanical bonding. In this Review, we summarize recent advances in the design and radiopharmaceutical application of discrete self-assembled coordination complexes and mechanically interlocked molecules — namely, metallacages and rotaxanes, respectively — as well as in situ-forming supramolecular aggregates, specifically pinpointing their potential as next-generation radiotheranostic agents. The outlook of such supramolecular constructs for potential applications in the clinic is discussed. Supramolecular metal-based structures have immense potential for biomedical applications as multimodal theranostic platforms. This Review gives an overview of the design principles and synthetic strategies; it also highlights the achievements in the field of radiochemistry.","PeriodicalId":18849,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews. Chemistry","volume":"8 12","pages":"893-914"},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142519216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Holding your nerve in academia whilst managing multiple sclerosis 在处理多发性硬化症的同时保持学术勇气

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00661-8

Aisha N. Bismillah, Stephen D. P. Fielden

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Understanding the chemistry of mesostructured porous nanoreactors 了解介质结构多孔纳米反应器的化学性质

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00658-3

Yuzhu Ma, Haitao Li, Jian Liu, Dongyuan Zhao

{"title":"Understanding the chemistry of mesostructured porous nanoreactors","authors":"Yuzhu Ma, Haitao Li, Jian Liu, Dongyuan Zhao","doi":"10.1038/s41570-024-00658-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41570-024-00658-3","url":null,"abstract":"Porous nanoreactors mimic the structures and functions of cells, providing an adaptable material with multiple functions and effects. These reactors can be nanoscale containers and shuttles or catalytic centres, drawing in reactants for cascading reactions with multishelled designs. The detailed construction of multi-level reactors at the nanometre scale remains a great challenge, but to regulate the reaction pathways within a reactor, designs of great intricacy are required. In this Review, we define the basic structural characteristics of porous nanoreactors, while also discussing the design principles and synthetic chemistry of these structures with respect to their emerging applications in energy storage and heterogeneous catalysis. Finally, we describe the difficulties of the structural optimization of these reactors and propose possible ways to improve porous nanoreactor design for future applications. Porous nanoreactors are a class of nanometre-sized materials with embedded catalytic sites. These reactors can be single- or multi-compartmented, and with or without shells, providing a multi-scale material that can be tailored to various applications such as catalysis, energy storage and bioengineering.","PeriodicalId":18849,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews. Chemistry","volume":"8 12","pages":"915-931"},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142487657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An algorithmic looking glass for transitions 过渡时期的算法观察镜

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00667-2

Alexander Rosu-Finsen

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Reflections on a Nobel Prize-winning legacy 对诺贝尔奖遗产的思考

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00651-w

Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Stephanie Greed

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Reprogramming the genetic code with flexizymes 用柔性酶重编遗传密码

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00656-5

Takayuki Katoh, Hiroaki Suga

{"title":"Reprogramming the genetic code with flexizymes","authors":"Takayuki Katoh, Hiroaki Suga","doi":"10.1038/s41570-024-00656-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41570-024-00656-5","url":null,"abstract":"In the canonical genetic code, the 61 sense codons are assigned to the 20 proteinogenic amino acids. Advancements in genetic code manipulation techniques have enabled the ribosomal incorporation of nonproteinogenic amino acids (npAAs). The critical molecule for translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into peptide sequences is aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA), which recognizes the mRNA codon through its anticodon. Because aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are highly specific for their respective amino acid–tRNA pairs, it is not feasible to use natural ARSs to prepare npAA-tRNAs. However, flexizymes are adaptable aminoacylation ribozymes that can be used to prepare diverse aminoacyl-tRNAs at will using amino acids activated with suitable leaving groups. Regarding recognition elements, flexizymes require only an aromatic ring in either the leaving group or side chain of the activated amino acid, and the conserved 3′-end CCA of the tRNA. Therefore, flexizymes allow virtually any amino acid to be charged onto any tRNA. The flexizyme system can handle not only l-α-amino acids with side chain modifications but also various backbone-modified npAAs. This Review describes the development of flexizyme variants and discusses their structure and mechanism and their applications in genetic code reprogramming for the synthesis of unique peptides and proteins. Flexizymes can be used to prepare nonproteinogenic aminoacyl-tRNAs (npAA-tRNAs) by activating amino acids with suitable leaving groups, leading to ribosomal incorporation of npAAs by genetic code reprogramming. This enables the ribosomal synthesis of unique peptides and proteins containing various npAAs.","PeriodicalId":18849,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews. Chemistry","volume":"8 12","pages":"879-892"},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142452169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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2D magnets filled with lithium 充满锂的二维磁铁

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00660-9

Liang Mei, Ruijie Yang

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