Nature reviews. Chemistry最新文献_第2页

Asymmetric phase-transfer catalysis 不对称相转移催化。

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00642-x

Hyo-Jun Lee, Keiji Maruoka

引用次数: 0

Accessing monomers from lignin through carbon–carbon bond cleavage 通过碳-碳键裂解从木质素中获取单体

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00652-9

Chad T. Palumbo, Erik T. Ouellette, Jie Zhu, Yuriy Román-Leshkov, Shannon S. Stahl, Gregg T. Beckham

{"title":"Accessing monomers from lignin through carbon–carbon bond cleavage","authors":"Chad T. Palumbo, Erik T. Ouellette, Jie Zhu, Yuriy Román-Leshkov, Shannon S. Stahl, Gregg T. Beckham","doi":"10.1038/s41570-024-00652-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41570-024-00652-9","url":null,"abstract":"Lignin, the heterogeneous aromatic macromolecule found in the cell walls of vascular plants, is an abundant feedstock for the production of biochemicals and biofuels. Many valorization schemes rely on lignin depolymerization, with decades of research focused on accessing monomers through C–O bond cleavage, given the abundance of β–O–4 bonds in lignin and the large number of available C–O bond cleavage strategies. Monomer yields are, however, invariably lower than desired, owing to the presence of recalcitrant C–C bonds whose selective cleavage remains a major challenge in catalysis. In this Review, we highlight lignin C–C cleavage reactions, including those of linkages arising from biosynthesis (β–1, β–5, β–β and 5–5) and industrial processing (5–CH2–5 and α–5). We examine multiple approaches to C–C cleavage, including homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, photocatalysis and biocatalysis, to identify promising strategies for further research and provide guidelines for definitive measurements of lignin C–C bond cleavage. To date, monomer yields from lignin are limited to those attainable through C–O bond cleavage. Cleaving C–C bonds often leads to deleterious product degradation and low monomer yields. Herein we review lignin C–C cleavage reports and advocate for a standardized reporting of yields.","PeriodicalId":18849,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews. Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142374165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Secrets from a spin-out success story 成功分拆的秘诀

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00634-x

Stephanie Greed

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Ni-catalysed remote C(sp3)–H functionalization using chain-walking strategies 镍催化的远程 C（sp3）-H 功能化（使用 "遛链 "策略

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00649-4

Ciro Romano, Ruben Martin

{"title":"Ni-catalysed remote C(sp3)–H functionalization using chain-walking strategies","authors":"Ciro Romano, Ruben Martin","doi":"10.1038/s41570-024-00649-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41570-024-00649-4","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamic translocation of a metal catalyst along an alkyl side chain — often coined as ‘chain-walking’ — has opened new retrosynthetic possibilities that enable functionalization at unactivated C(sp3)–H sites. The use of nickel complexes in chain-walking strategies has recently gained considerable momentum owing to their versatility for forging sp3 architectures and their redox promiscuity that facilitates both one-electron or two-electron reaction manifolds. This Review discusses the relevance and impact that these processes might have in synthetic endeavours, including mechanistic considerations when appropriate. Particular emphasis is given to the latest discoveries that leverage the potential of Ni-catalysed chain-walking scenarios for tackling transformations that would otherwise be difficult to accomplish, including the merger of chain-walking with other new approaches such as photoredox catalysis or electrochemical activation. Ni-catalysed chain-walking blossomed as an effective synthetic tool to functionalize C(sp3)–H bonds in hydrocarbon chains. This Review provides a detailed overview of the most recent advances in this field, focusing on site-selective and regioselective manipulations at previously out-of-reach C(sp3)–H sites.","PeriodicalId":18849,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews. Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142330451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the aqueous origins of the condensation polymers of life 生命缩合聚合物的水性起源。

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00648-5

Daniel Whitaker, Matthew W. Powner

{"title":"On the aqueous origins of the condensation polymers of life","authors":"Daniel Whitaker, Matthew W. Powner","doi":"10.1038/s41570-024-00648-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41570-024-00648-5","url":null,"abstract":"Water is essential for life as we know it, but it has paradoxically been considered inimical to the emergence of life. Proteins and nucleic acids have sustained evolution and life for billions of years, but both are condensation polymers, suggesting that their formation requires the elimination of water. This presents intrinsic challenges at the origins of life, including how condensation polymer synthesis can overcome the thermodynamic pressure of hydrolysis in water and how nucleophiles can kinetically outcompete water to yield condensation products. The answers to these questions lie in balancing thermodynamic activation and kinetic stability. For peptides, an effective strategy is to directly harness the energy trapped in prebiotic molecules, such as nitriles, and avoid the formation of fully hydrolysed monomers. In this Review, we discuss how chemical energy can be built into precursors, retained, and released selectively for polymer synthesis. Looking to the future, the outstanding goals include how nucleic acids can be synthesized, avoiding the formation of fully hydrolysed monomers and what caused information to flow from nucleic acids to proteins. Water is essential for life but paradoxically considered detrimental to the origins of life. Here, we discuss whether avoiding hydrolysed monomers and exploiting the chemical energy in prebiotic precursors may hold the missing key to unlocking biopolymer synthesis.","PeriodicalId":18849,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews. Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142350283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The current utility and future potential of multiborylated alkanes 多溴化烷烃的当前用途和未来潜力

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00650-x

Kane A. C. Bastick, Dean D. Roberts, Allan J. B. Watson

引用次数: 0

Reviving antibiotic power 重振抗生素威力

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00655-6

Sammer Marzouk, Dang Nguyen, Cameron Sabet

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The Not Voodoo website after twenty dynamic years Not Voodoo 网站历经二十年的蓬勃发展。

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00644-9

Alison J. Frontier

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A zwitterionic twist 齐聚物转折

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00654-7

Sihan Xiong, Khalid Shah, Chuang Liu

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Student partnerships for sustainable change 促进可持续变革的学生伙伴关系

IF 38.1 1区化学

Nature reviews. Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00653-8

Glenn A. Hurst

引用次数: 0