Nanoscale Advances最新文献

{"title":"A hermetically closed sample chamber enables time-lapse nano-characterization of pathogenic microorganisms in vitro†","authors":"Esther Braun, Santiago H. Andany, Mustafa Kangül, Navid S. Asmari, John D. McKinney and Georg E. Fantner","doi":"10.1039/D4NA01053A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NA01053A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Pathogenic microorganisms, such as pathogenic mycobacteria, pose a global health burden. Studying these organisms is crucial for gaining detailed knowledge about the pathogens and the diseases they cause. To handle pathogenic organisms, specific biosafety measures appropriate to the virulence of the organism must be fulfilled, most importantly ensuring that all manipulations of pathogenic material are performed within a confined environment. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a powerful technique to study biological samples at nanometer-scale resolution, yielding also mechanical properties, all while maintaining physiological conditions. However, standard AFM sample holders do not meet stringent biosafety requirements since they do not constitute a confined system. AFM imaging relies on direct contact between the cantilever and the sample and is sensitive to mechanical interference, rendering conventional containment systems for handling infectious substances inapplicable. Here, we introduce a hermetically sealed AFM sample chamber that meets biosafety demands while satisfying the mechanical and optical constraints of correlated optical microscopy and AFM. We imaged various pathogenic mycobacteria to demonstrate the chamber's versatility and effectiveness in containing biohazardous materials. This sample chamber enables high-resolution, time-lapse correlated imaging and biomechanical characterization of pathogenic microorganisms <em>in vitro</em>. It broadens the scope of research with pathogenic microorganisms under safe and controlled conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" 8","pages":" 2290-2300"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11873737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BSA@IR780-loaded mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles with enhanced photostability for multimodal imaging and photothermal therapy of tumors†","authors":"Shuaibo Yang, Yanzhao Diao, Lifeng Hang, Hong Qu, Laiping Fang, Wei Guo, Hua Wen, KuokWai Iu, Guihua Jiang, Lianyi Shao and Quan Li","doi":"10.1039/D5NA00008D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5NA00008D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Multifunctional phototherapy that integrates diagnostic and therapeutic modalities holds the potential to revolutionize cancer treatment. The near-infrared cyanine dye IR780 is known for its high spatial resolution imaging capabilities. When conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA), it effectively mitigates common challenges such as photobleaching and fluorescence quenching, making it widely used in tumor imaging. However, its limited photothermal conversion efficiency hinders its broader application in tumor therapy. To overcome these limitations, this study presents the design and development of an imaging-guided multifunctional nanoplatform: mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA)-BSA@IR780. Our findings demonstrate that MPDA, as a carrier, significantly improves the photostability of BSA@IR780. Furthermore, MPDA's superior photothermal properties enhance the photothermal efficacy of the platform, enabling MPDA-BSA@IR780 to function as a dual photothermal therapy (PTT) agent. In addition to its therapeutic potential, MPDA-BSA@IR780 serves as both a photoacoustic (PA) and fluorescence (FL) imaging probe, effectively guiding treatment decisions. Cellular assays reveal that MPDA-BSA@IR780 exhibits a robust photothermal effect, supporting promising therapeutic outcomes. <em>In vivo</em> studies further demonstrate that, following laser irradiation, MPDA-BSA@IR780 achieves near-complete tumor ablation without inducing significant toxicity, while also exhibiting excellent biocompatibility. In conclusion, this study introduces a safe and effective photothermal nanoparticle platform for tumor imaging, diagnosis, and treatment, providing a promising strategy for future biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" 8","pages":" 2182-2194"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11848625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143502678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermionic injection analysis in germanium nanowire Schottky junction FETs by means of 1D and 3D extraction methods","authors":"Raphael Behrle, Aníbal Pacheco-Sanchez, Sven Barth, Walter M. Weber and Masiar Sistani","doi":"10.1039/D4NA00957F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NA00957F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Schottky barrier field-effect transistors (SBFETs) are a promising family of devices suitable for realizing “Beyond CMOS” paradigms. As the SBFET device operation is strongly dependent on the metal–semiconductor junction properties, it is important to extract and understand the activation energy to inject charge carriers into the semiconductor channel. In this regard, the three-dimensional (3D) thermionic emission (TE) and the one-dimensional (1D) Landauer–Büttiker (LB) theory are among the most sophisticated methods. Here, both methods are used to analyze the charge carrier injection capabilities of Al–Ge–Al nanowire (NW) heterostructure SBFETs. While the 3D TE model underestimates the activation energy <em>E</em><small>_a</small> in strong accumulation, at the intrinsic off-point, where merely TE contributes to charge carrier transport, both models provide reasonable values close to the theoretically expected Schottky barrier height. Analyzing the underlying mathematical models of 3D TE and 1D LB reveals a quadratic and linear increase in TE depending on temperature, respectively. Moreover, until now effects on the <em>E</em><small>_a</small> originating from the 1D nature of the proposed device were rarely investigated in NW transistors. This comparison contributes to a better understanding and the advancement of SBFET devices and circuit technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" 8","pages":" 2266-2271"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11869317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and development of pH-sensitive nanocarriers using molecularly imprinted polymers for the targeted delivery of sodium thiopental†","authors":"Ayda Yari-Ilkhchi, Abdolrahim Abbaszad Rafi and Mehrdad Mahkam","doi":"10.1039/D4NA00926F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NA00926F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Sodium thiopental (STL) is an ultrashort-acting barbiturate that acts quickly on the brain, reduces levels of adrenaline, noradrenaline, and dopamine, and has neuroprotective properties. However, its side effects, especially in high doses, can be severe, including respiratory failure and cardiac complications. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are three-dimensional polymeric networks that mimic the structure and functionality of target molecules. MIPs include benefits such as stability, selectivity, and cost-effectiveness. Combination with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) not only enhances their stability and biocompatibility but also provides magnetic separation capabilities. This research introduces the design and synthesis of pH-sensitive MIPs as targeted nanocarriers for the selective uptake and controlled release of STL molecules. The MIPs were synthesized in various forms, including magnetic core MIPs (MMIPs), standard MIPs (MIPs), and fiber-shaped MIPs (MIP<small>_F</small>), to explore their comparative efficiency and structural advantages. Bemegride (BMG), an antidote structurally similar to STL, was utilized to evaluate the selectivity of these MIP systems. The formation of specific binding sites of STL on MIPs during the polymerization process leads to selective recognition and matches STL's shape, size, and functional groups. In this regard, all types of MIPs exhibited significant rebinding affinities over their non-imprinted polymer (NIP); specifically, MMIPs displayed a high affinity for uptake of STL (393.8 ± 1.328%) against BMG (360.72 ± 6.72%) over 24 h. The pH sensitivity of the nanocarriers was investigated in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluids (SIF) environments. The quantitative results indicated that the prepared nanocarriers showed a controlled release in SIF environments. MMIPs achieved a release efficiency for STL and BMG of approximately 57.7 ± 0.6% and 85.4 ± 4.6%, respectively, over a 78-hour period. These findings highlight the potential of MMIPs for dual-uptake and targeted release applications of STL in specific pH environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" 7","pages":" 2039-2046"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11833455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the performance of floating gate phototransistor memory with perovskite nanocrystals embedded in fluorinated polyamic acids†","authors":"Wei-En Wu, You-Wei Cao, Yu-Chih Hsu, Yan-Cheng Lin and Yang-Yen Yu","doi":"10.1039/D4NA00939H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NA00939H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study aims to develop a hybrid material using fluorine-containing polyamic acid (PAA) polymers and a perovskite (PVSK) for application in transistor-based photomemory devices to enhance both structural and electrical performance. Adding fluorides to the PAA material creates a structure with Lewis acid–base interactions, improving the interface between PVSK and PAA, reducing defect density in the floating gate dielectric layer, and passivating grain defects. Furthermore, the hydrophobic PAA structure provides an improved crystalline nucleation interface for the semiconductor pentacene, thereby significantly enhancing the hole mobility of the transistor. In electrical performance tests, devices utilizing ODA–6FDA (poly(4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether-<em>alt</em>-4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride)) as the floating gate exhibited a superior ON/OFF current ratio, approaching 10<small>⁶</small>, compared to other PAA materials, and demonstrated stable dynamic switching currents. Additionally, incorporating fluorides into the PVSK material resulted in a more stable memory window, enabling the devices to maintain excellent performance during cyclic operation and long-term storage stability tests. These findings highlight the potential of combining fluorinated polymers with PVSK materials, further advancing the development and application of optoelectronic materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" 7","pages":" 2092-2104"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study of the hot electron energy loss rate in zinc- and cadmium compound quasi-two-dimensional materials","authors":"Huynh Thi Phuong Thuy and Nguyen Dinh Hien","doi":"10.1039/D4NA01048E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NA01048E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this paper, a comparative study of the electron energy loss rate (ELR) in zinc-based chalcogenide (ZnS, ZnSe, and ZnTe) and cadmium-based chalcogenide (CdS, CdSe, and CdTe) quantum wells owing to interaction with optical phonons in a quantising magnetic field is carried out by employing the electronic temperature model. The dependence of the electron ELR on the material slab thickness, quantizing magnetic field, surface electronic concentration, and electronic temperature in ZnS, ZnSe, and ZnTe as well as in CdS, CdSe, and CdTe materials is obtained and compared in detail. Our findings offer valuable information for the advancement of electronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" 7","pages":" 1989-2002"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11831362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An ultra-violet and infrared dual-band photodetector using a Ga2O3 thin film and HgTe colloidal quantum dots†","authors":"Qiqi Zheng, Yu Yang, Liansheng Li, Qing-An Xu, Kenan Zhang, Xiaomeng Xue, Lisha Ma, Jianhao Yu, Wanjun Li and Menglu Chen","doi":"10.1039/D4NA00978A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NA00978A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Dual-band photodetection of ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) light is an advanced technology aimed at simultaneously or selectively detecting signals from these two distinct wavelength bands. This technique offers broad application prospects, particularly in environments requiring multispectral information. In this work, a solar-blind UV photodetector made from an amorphous Ga<small>₂</small>O<small>₃</small> (a-Ga<small>₂</small>O<small>₃</small>) thin film was combined with a short-wave infrared photodetector made from a HgTe colloidal quantum dot (CQD) film. The photodetector exhibited a high responsivity of up to 1808 A W<small>⁻¹</small>, detectivity of 3.88 × 10<small>¹⁴</small> Jones, and an external quantum efficiency of 8.8 × 10<small>⁵</small>% at UV wavelength as well as a responsivity of 0.25 A W<small>⁻¹</small>, detectivity of 1.45 × 10<small>¹⁰</small> Jones, and an external quantum efficiency of 15.5% at short-wave infrared wavelength. Furthermore, corona discharge detection using this photodetector was demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" 8","pages":" 2248-2254"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface imprinted microhelical magnetic polymer nanocomposite fibers for targeted lysozyme separation†","authors":"Aakanksha Mohan and Sutapa Roy Ramanan","doi":"10.1039/D4NA01041H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NA01041H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Magnetic microhelical structures have recently drawn attention as microswimmers capable of mimicking bacterial propulsion in the low Reynolds number regime. Such structures can be used in microfluidic bioseparation or targeted delivery and their interaction with proteins is extremely important. In this study we fabricated silica coated magnetic microhelices resembling artificial bacterial flagella like structures <em>via</em> electrospinning magnetite nanoparticle incorporated polystyrene nanocomposite solution followed by silica sol coating. Two model proteins, Lysozyme (Lyz) and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), were used for protein imprinting along with a polydopamine layer on the magnetic microhelical substrates. The adsorption mechanism of lysozyme on the molecularly imprinted support system was analyzed using adsorption model fitting (Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin). Adsorption capacity, selective binding and imprinting factor values were calculated for both imprinted (Lyz and BSA) and non-imprinted samples. A significantly higher adsorption capacity was obtained compared to previously reported studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" 8","pages":" 2222-2230"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143502682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystallization of neomycin nanoparticles in the presence of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)","authors":"Sirous Motahari, Abdolmohammad Alamdari and M. Reza Malayeri","doi":"10.1039/D4NA01031K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4NA01031K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Neomycin nanoparticles were prepared using the inductive crystallization method in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a stabilizer. Given the favorable solubility of neomycin in water, distilled water was used as the solvent. In addition, acetone was utilized as the antisolvent due to its high polarity and good solubility in water. The produced neomycin nanoparticles were characterized by various analyses such as TEM, HR-TEM, SEM, FE-SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DSC, TGA, AFM, DLS, and EDX. The DLS analysis indicated a bimodal size distribution from 17 to 235 nm. The induction time and nucleation mechanism were also determined. The results showed that the primary nucleation mechanism was the prevailing process, as validated by the higher <em>R</em><small>²</small> values. The potential role of PVP as a stabilizing agent influenced the crystallization of neomycin nanoparticles and prevented crystal aggregation, as well as favorably changing the surface tension and solubility. It was also observed that the mixing speed can affect the induction time and thus the optimal speed was set to 300 rpm. Additionally, the effect of solvent–antisolvent ratios on solubility was examined, demonstrating that higher supersaturation leads to decreased solubility of neomycin in acetone–water mixtures. Finally, the ternary diagram or two-phase nucleation related to Metastable Zone Width (MSZW) was determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" 8","pages":" 2272-2289"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11869900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How can we engineer electronic transitions through twisting and stacking in TMDC bilayers and heterostructures? a first-principles approach†","authors":"Yu-Hsiu Lin, William P. Comaskey and Jose L. Mendoza-Cortes","doi":"10.1039/D5NA00112A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5NA00112A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Layered two-dimensional (2D) materials exhibit unique properties not found in their individual forms, opening new avenues for material exploration. This study examines MX<small>₂</small> transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), where M is Mo or W, and X is S, Se or Te. These materials are foundational for the creation of hetero- and homo-bilayers with various stacking configurations. Recent interest has focused on twisted homogeneous bilayers, as critical twist angles can significantly alter material properties. This work highlights MX<small>₂</small> TMDC bilayers with twisted angles that form Moiré patterns, essential to understanding the behaviors of these materials. We performed first-principles calculations using Density Functional Theory (DFT) with range-separated hybrid functionals on 30 combinations of six MX<small>₂</small> materials with two stacking configurations, revealing that the building blocks and stacking arrangements influence the stability of the heterostructure and the band gap energy (<em>E</em><small>_g</small>). In particular, the MoTe<small>₂</small>/WSe<small>₂</small> heterostructure, shifted by 60°, exhibits a direct band gap, indicating potential for novel applications. Our investigation of homobilayers included fully relaxed and low-strain scenarios, examining various stacking styles and twisting angles. Under low-strain conditions, MoS<small>₂</small>, WS<small>₂</small>, and WSe<small>₂</small> can exhibit direct or indirect band gaps at specific twist angles. Additionally, MoS<small>₂</small> can transition between semiconductor and conductor states, showcasing diverse electronic properties. Critical twist angles, specifically 17.9° and its corresponding angles (42.1°, 77.9° and 102.1°), in twisted WS<small>₂</small> and WSe<small>₂</small> bilayers create symmetric Moiré patterns, leading to direct band gaps. The magnitude of the band gap energy can be tuned by varying the twist angles, which also affect the flatness of the electronic band. Like conventional stacking, most twisted TMDC bilayers exhibit favorable interlayer interactions but with more tailorable characteristics. Using heterostructures and controlled twist angles is a powerful approach in material engineering, enabling the manipulation of various electronic behaviors in advanced materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" 7","pages":" 2047-2056"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11833679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}