Molecules and Cells最新文献

DUAL SMAD INHIBITION AS A VERSATILE PLATFORM IN HUMAN PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL-BASED NEUROSCIENCE AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE. 双smad抑制作为人类多能干细胞神经科学和再生医学的通用平台。

IF 6.5 3区生物学

Molecules and Cells Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100284

Lesly Puspita, Magdalena Deline, Jae-Won Shim

{"title":"DUAL SMAD INHIBITION AS A VERSATILE PLATFORM IN HUMAN PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL-BASED NEUROSCIENCE AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE.","authors":"Lesly Puspita, Magdalena Deline, Jae-Won Shim","doi":"10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dual SMAD inhibition is a robust and widely adopted protocol for directing human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) toward neuronal lineages by blocking transforming growth factor-beta and bone morphogenetic protein pathways. Suppressing TGF-β and BMP signaling enables efficient and reproducible induction of neuroectoderm, serving as the foundation for generating diverse brain region-specific neuronal subtypes. This review outlines the mechanistic basis and major achievements of the dual SMAD inhibition strategy, including its application in two recent clinical trials for Parkinson's disease, and its role in preclinical studies targeting conditions, such as spinal cord injury, retinal degeneration, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In addition to its significant contribution to the generation of transplantation-ready grafts from hPSCs, the protocol serves as a valuable platform for disease modeling across various neurological and metabolic disorders. The key strengths include high efficiency, technical simplicity that enables precise control of cell fate using small molecules, versatility in both two- and three-dimensional culture systems, and reproducibility across various hPSC lines. This review also addresses key limitations, such as restricted gliogenic capacity and limited neural progenitor cell expansion. Future research should focus on incorporating emerging technologies to advance stem cell-based applications. Overall, dual SMAD inhibition represents a powerful and versatile platform for stem cell-based neuroscience and regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":18795,"journal":{"name":"Molecules and Cells","volume":" ","pages":"100284"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GOREA: A Framework for Systemic and Unbiased Interpretation of Gene Ontology Enrichment. 基因本体富集的系统和公正解释框架。

IF 6.5 3区生物学

Molecules and Cells Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100283

Hojin Lee, Young-In Park, Ina Jeon, Dawon Kang, Harim Chun, Jungmin Choi

{"title":"GOREA: A Framework for Systemic and Unbiased Interpretation of Gene Ontology Enrichment.","authors":"Hojin Lee, Young-In Park, Ina Jeon, Dawon Kang, Harim Chun, Jungmin Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Functional enrichment analysis is essential for extracting biological meaning from gene expression data. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Over-Representation Analysis (ORA) are widely used approaches for this purpose. However, interpreting the large number of enriched Gene Ontology Biological Process (GOBP) terms remains challenging. Existing tools such as simplifyEnrichment often yield overly general and fragmented keywords, and they do not effectively utilize quantitative metrics such as Normalized Enrichment Scores (NES) or gene overlap proportions, thereby limiting biological interpretation and prioritization. To address these issues, we developed GOREA, an improved tool for summarizing GOBP terms. GOREA improves upon simplifyEnrichment by integrating binary cut and hierarchical clustering, incorporating GOBP term hierarchy to define representative terms, and ranking clusters based on NES or gene overlap proportions. Using ComplexHeatmap package, GOREA visualizes results as a heatmap accompanied by a panel of broad GOBP terms and representative terms for each cluster, providing both general and specific biological insights. Compared to simplifyEnrichment, GOREA yields more specific and interpretable clusters while significantly reducing computational time. GOREA effectively identified distinct biological processes in immune-related data and revealed substantial overlap between GOBP terms and cancer hallmark gene sets, demonstrating its applicability across diverse biological contexts. These findings suggest that GOREA provides a substantial improvement over existing approaches and offers a scalable and efficient framework for gene set enrichment analysis across diverse biological contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":18795,"journal":{"name":"Molecules and Cells","volume":" ","pages":"100283"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immune cell isolation from lymphoid and nonlymphoid organs 淋巴和非淋巴器官的免疫细胞分离。

IF 6.5 3区生物学

Molecules and Cells Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100277

Jong Seok Park, Yoontae Lee

引用次数: 0

Editorial Board Members/Copyright 编辑委员会成员/版权

IF 6.5 3区生物学

Molecules and Cells Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/S1016-8478(25)00104-9

引用次数: 0

Cover and caption 封面及标题

IF 6.5 3区生物学

Molecules and Cells Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/S1016-8478(25)00103-7

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “SKP2 contributes to AKT activation by ubiquitination degradation of PHLPP1, impedes autophagy, and facilitates the survival of thyroid carcinoma” [Molecules and Cells Volume 46, Issue 6, June 2023, 360-373] “SKP2通过PHLPP1的泛素化降解促进AKT活化，阻碍自噬，促进甲状腺癌的存活”[molecular and Cells Volume 46, Issue 6, June 2023, 360-373]的更正。

IF 6.5 3区生物学

Molecules and Cells Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100266

Yuan Shao , Wanli Ren , Hao Dai , Fangli Yang , Xiang Li , Shaoqiang Zhang , Junsong Liu , Xiaobao Yao , Qian Zhao , Xin Sun , Zhiwei Zheng , Chongwen Xu

引用次数: 0

Brief guide to detecting ferroptosis 检测铁下垂的简要指南。

IF 6.5 3区生物学

Molecules and Cells Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100276

Thu-Hang Thi Nghiem , Fedho Kusuma , Jeongmin Park , Yeonsoo Joe , Hun Taeg Chung , Jaeseok Han

引用次数: 0

Charge-dependent localization of Toll-like receptor 5 at the plasma membrane toll样受体5在质膜上的电荷依赖定位。

IF 6.5 3区生物学

Molecules and Cells Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100275

Ji-Won Huh , Kwangcheon Park , Hyun-Sup Song , Seongryong Kim , You-Me Kim

{"title":"Charge-dependent localization of Toll-like receptor 5 at the plasma membrane","authors":"Ji-Won Huh , Kwangcheon Park , Hyun-Sup Song , Seongryong Kim , You-Me Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Proper subcellular localization of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is essential for initiating appropriate innate immune responses against pathogens while avoiding self-reactivity. Unc-93 homolog B1 (UNC93B1) is known to mediate the intracellular trafficking of nucleotide-sensing TLRs such as TLR9 which undergoes rapid internalization into endolysosomes upon reaching the cell surface. We previously demonstrated that UNC93B1 also facilitates the plasma membrane localization of TLR5, a sensor for bacterial flagellin. Unlike TLR9, TLR5 remained stably at the cell surface under steady-state conditions, suggesting the involvement of distinct sorting mechanisms. Using mutagenesis-based approaches, we found that the cytoplasmic domain of TLR5 is required for its surface retention, whereas the cytoplasmic domain of TLR9 is dispensable for internalization. Notably, TLR5 contains polybasic residues in its C-terminal region, absent in other TLRs. Deletion or alanine substitution of these residues led to constitutive endocytosis of TLR5. Conversely, appending the TLR5 C-terminal region to the C-terminus of TLR9 promoted its surface accumulation. Moreover, when the TLR5 C-terminal sequence was fused to a cytosolic protein along with a myristoylation motif, it mediated membrane association of the cytosolic protein in a charge-dependent manner. We further found that this region can directly interact with phosphatidic acid, an anionic phospholipid enriched in the plasma membrane. These findings reveal an electrostatic mechanism by which TLR5 is selectively retained at the plasma membrane, providing new insight into receptor-specific localization of TLRs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18795,"journal":{"name":"Molecules and Cells","volume":"48 11","pages":"Article 100275"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145015857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current therapeutic strategies in Parkinson’s disease: Future perspectives 帕金森病的当前治疗策略：未来展望。

IF 6.5 3区生物学

Molecules and Cells Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100274

Tae Young Kim , Byoung Dae Lee

{"title":"Current therapeutic strategies in Parkinson’s disease: Future perspectives","authors":"Tae Young Kim , Byoung Dae Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the accumulation of misfolded α-synuclein. Current treatments, including dopaminergic medications and deep brain stimulation, provide symptomatic relief but do not halt disease progression. Recent advances in molecular research have enabled the development of disease-modifying strategies targeting key pathogenic mechanisms, such as α-synuclein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and genetic mutations, including <em>LRRK2</em> and <em>GBA1</em>. In parallel, pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons have emerged as a scalable and ethically viable source for cell replacement therapy. Early-phase clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and functional integration of these grafts. Ongoing research is now focused on enhancing graft purity, immune compatibility, and anatomical precision, including homotopic transplantation and circuit-level reconstruction. Together, these emerging strategies offer the potential to shift PD treatment paradigms by combining symptomatic control with long-term neural restoration. This review summarizes current therapeutic approaches and highlights recent advances in disease-modifying and regenerative interventions for PD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18795,"journal":{"name":"Molecules and Cells","volume":"48 11","pages":"Article 100274"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145008334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) in understanding genetic mechanisms underlying common complex diseases. 表达数量性状位点（eQTL）在理解常见复杂疾病遗传机制中的作用。

IF 6.5 3区生物学

Molecules and Cells Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100256

Sung Eun Hong, Murim Choi, Jeongha Lee

{"title":"Role of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) in understanding genetic mechanisms underlying common complex diseases.","authors":"Sung Eun Hong, Murim Choi, Jeongha Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mocell.2025.100256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attaining a complete understanding of the genetic architecture underlying common complex traits is challenging due to the substantial contributions of nongenetic factors and the involvement of numerous influencing genes. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified novel variants associated with such traits, but our understanding of the molecular genetic mechanisms underlying those associations remains limited. Additionally, variants without significant associations from GWAS can influence gene expression, contributing to individual-level variation in traits. This review summarizes the evolution, advancements in, and practical applications of expression quantitative trait loci analysis. Recent large-scale expression quantitative trait loci studies, often at the single-cell level, provide an opportunity to explain how at least some GWAS variants behave and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying individual-level variations. This approach can further be utilized to identify novel drug targets that are tailored to individuals harboring specific genotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18795,"journal":{"name":"Molecules and Cells","volume":" ","pages":"100256"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0