Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology最新文献_第7页

Alcohol-free and low-strength drinks: friend or foe? 无酒精和低浓度饮料：朋友还是敌人？

IF 45.9 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01006-y

Thomas Marjot, Ashwin Dhanda

引用次数: 0

Bile acid transport inhibitors in paediatric hepatology: more than just an itch 胆汁酸转运抑制剂在儿科肝病中的应用：不仅仅是瘙痒

IF 45.9 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01008-w

Tamir Diamond, Binita M. Kamath

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Host–pathobiont interactions in Crohn’s disease 克罗恩病中宿主与病原体之间的相互作用

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00997-y

Roberta Caruso, Bernard C. Lo, Grace Y. Chen, Gabriel Núñez

{"title":"Host–pathobiont interactions in Crohn’s disease","authors":"Roberta Caruso, Bernard C. Lo, Grace Y. Chen, Gabriel Núñez","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-00997-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-024-00997-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mammalian intestine is colonized by trillions of microorganisms that are collectively referred to as the gut microbiota. The majority of symbionts have co-evolved with their host in a mutualistic relationship that benefits both. Under certain conditions, such as in Crohn’s disease, a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease, some symbionts bloom to cause disease in genetically susceptible hosts. Although the identity and function of disease-causing microorganisms or pathobionts in Crohn’s disease remain largely unknown, mounting evidence from animal models suggests that pathobionts triggering Crohn’s disease-like colitis inhabit certain niches and penetrate the intestinal tissue to trigger inflammation. In this Review, we discuss the distinct niches occupied by intestinal symbionts and the evidence that pathobionts triggering Crohn’s disease live in the mucus layer or near the intestinal epithelium. We also discuss how Crohn’s disease-associated mutations in the host disrupt intestinal homeostasis by promoting the penetration and accumulation of pathobionts in the intestinal tissue. Finally, we discuss the potential role of microbiome-based interventions in precision therapeutic strategies for the treatment of Crohn’s disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142488860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

UEG Week 2024 UEG 2024 周

IF 45.9 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01013-z

Katrina Ray

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Delving the depths of ‘terra incognita’ in the human intestine — the small intestinal microbiota 探索人类肠道 "未知领域 "的深处--小肠微生物群

IF 45.9 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01000-4

Bahtiyar Yilmaz, Andrew J. Macpherson

{"title":"Delving the depths of ‘terra incognita’ in the human intestine — the small intestinal microbiota","authors":"Bahtiyar Yilmaz, Andrew J. Macpherson","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-01000-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41575-024-01000-4","url":null,"abstract":"The small intestinal microbiota has a crucial role in gastrointestinal health, affecting digestion, immune function, bile acid homeostasis and nutrient metabolism. The challenges of accessibility at this site mean that our knowledge of the small intestinal microbiota is less developed than of the colonic or faecal microbiota. Here, we summarize the features and fluctuations of the microbiota along the small intestinal tract, focusing on humans, and discuss physicochemical factors and assessment methods, including the technical challenges of investigating the low microbial biomass of the proximal small bowel. We highlight the essential protective mechanisms of the small intestine, including motility, the paracellular barrier and mucus, and secretory immunity, to show their roles in limiting excessive exposure of host tissues to microbial metabolites. We address current knowledge gaps, particularly the variability among individuals, the effects of dysbiosis of the small intestinal microbiota on health and how different taxa in small intestinal microbiota could compensate for each other functionally. The small intestinal microbiota has a key influence on digestion, immunity and nutrient metabolism but is poorly understood in comparison with the faecal and colonic microbiota. This Perspective discusses the features of the small intestinal microbiota, highlighting technical challenges, knowledge gaps and implications for health.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"22 1","pages":"71-81"},"PeriodicalIF":45.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142487841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Actions of thyroid hormones and thyromimetics on the liver 甲状腺激素和拟甲状腺激素对肝脏的作用

IF 45.9 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00991-4

Rohit A. Sinha, Eveline Bruinstroop, Paul M. Yen

{"title":"Actions of thyroid hormones and thyromimetics on the liver","authors":"Rohit A. Sinha, Eveline Bruinstroop, Paul M. Yen","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-00991-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41575-024-00991-4","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine and thyroxine) are pivotal for metabolic balance in the liver and entire body. Dysregulation of the hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid axis can contribute to hepatic metabolic disturbances, affecting lipid metabolism, glucose regulation and protein synthesis. In addition, reductions in circulating and intrahepatic thyroid hormone concentrations increase the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by inducing lipotoxicity, inflammation and fibrosis. Amelioration of hepatic metabolic disease by thyroid hormones in preclinical and clinical studies has spurred the development of thyromimetics that target THRB (the predominant thyroid hormone receptor isoform in the liver) and/or the liver itself to provide more selective activation of hepatic thyroid hormone-regulated metabolic pathways while reducing thyrotoxic side effects in tissues that predominantly express THRA such as the heart and bone. Resmetirom, a liver and THRB-selective thyromimetic, recently became the first FDA-approved drug for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Thus, a better understanding of the metabolic actions of thyroid hormones and thyromimetics in the liver is timely and clinically relevant. Here, we describe the roles of thyroid hormones in normal liver function and pathogenesis of MASH, as well as some potential clinical issues that might arise when treating patients with MASH with thyroid hormone supplementation or thyromimetics. Thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine and thyroxine, are vital for metabolic homeostasis, and regulate essential hepatic functions. This Review summarizes the current knowledge of the role of thyroid hormones in the liver and examines the development of thyromimetics for liver disease.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"22 1","pages":"9-22"},"PeriodicalIF":45.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142448256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: Classifying compounds as prebiotics — scientific perspectives and recommendations 作者更正：将化合物归类为益生元--科学视角和建议

IF 45.9 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01012-0

Robert Hutkins, Jens Walter, Glenn R. Gibson, Cassandre Bedu-Ferrari, Karen Scott, Daniel J. Tancredi, Anisha Wijeyesekera, Mary Ellen Sanders

引用次数: 0

Liraglutide treatment in children with obesity 利拉鲁肽治疗儿童肥胖症

IF 45.9 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01010-2

Eleni Kotsiliti

引用次数: 0

Liver transplantation plus chemotherapy improved survival in patients with colorectal liver metastasis 肝移植加化疗可提高结直肠肝转移患者的生存率

IF 45.9 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01011-1

Eleni Kotsiliti

引用次数: 0

An expert panel Consensus Statement on ALD without experts by experience 无专家经验的 ALD 专家小组共识声明

IF 45.9 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00994-1

Tamar Avades, Victoria Allgar, Tom Thompson, Ashwin Dhanda

引用次数: 0