Molecular Breeding最新文献

{"title":"Kangnongyu8009: a new high-yield maize variety developed through amalgamation of temperate and tropical germplasm.","authors":"Xiangyang Guo, Pengfei Liu, Dong Wang, Liang Tu, Angui Wang, Yunfang Zhu, Pengshuai Yan, Zhanhui Zhang, Xubing Peng, Jihua Tang, Zehui Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11032-025-01626-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11032-025-01626-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"46 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12743035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145850157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neiyou 6, a high yielding and high β-glucan hulless oat variety.","authors":"Ting Wang, Yao Qin, Yongda Guo, Yang Cai, Xue Kai, Bing Han","doi":"10.1007/s11032-025-01622-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11032-025-01622-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"46 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12715067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145805065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomics-assisted breeding approaches for protein biofortification in rice grains.","authors":"M Kavipriya, S Rohit, P Jeyaprakash, K Sakthivel, S Rathika, S Geethanjali, M Akilan, K Geetha, M Raveendran, C N Neeraja, R M Sundaram","doi":"10.1007/s11032-025-01627-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-025-01627-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rice serves as a fundamental dietary staple for billions worldwide, but often lacks sufficient nutritional value, particularly in terms of protein and essential amino acids. This abstract offers an overview of the composition, distribution, and recent advancements in protein and amino acid enhancement in rice, highlighting strategies to boost its nutritional profile. Through traditional breeding and modern biotechnological methods, researchers have developed rice varieties with higher levels of key amino acids such as lysine, methionine, and cysteine, along with increased overall protein content. These biofortified rice varieties show promise in combating protein malnutrition and associated health issues, especially in vulnerable communities. However, the successful implementation of biofortification programs requires careful consideration of safety, regulations, environmental sustainability, and socio-economic factors. This emphasizes the need for collaboration among researchers, policymakers, and agricultural stakeholders to ensure widespread adoption and equitable distribution of biofortified rice varieties. Continued research and investment in protein and amino acid enhancement offer significant potential in addressing global malnutrition and improving public health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"45 12","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12705516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145774964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breeding and application of the early-maturing, high-quality, and high-yield cotton variety Zhongmian 113.","authors":"Zhenyu Wang, Yuzhi Zhang, Shuai Dai, Yulong Lv, Tianwei Li, Xiaoyu Pei, Xingxing Wang, Gongye Cheng, Xianliang Zhang, Yu Liang, Xiang Ren, Yu Gao, Meng Kang, Qi Gao, Songjuan Tan, Xiongfeng Ma","doi":"10.1007/s11032-025-01610-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-025-01610-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"45 12","pages":"100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12698878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145757145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic improvement of resistance to preharvest sprouting using a major QTL allele for embryo dormancy in rice.","authors":"Kamal Bhattarai, Min Guo, Marya Bibi, Huayu Xu, Christian De Guzman, Xing-You Gu","doi":"10.1007/s11032-025-01623-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11032-025-01623-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lack of seed dormancy (SD) often causes pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) or inadequate germination in cereal crops and seed production. This research aimed to integrate a dormancy (D) allele isolated from weedy rice at <i>qSD12</i> into the genetic background of a restoration-of-fertility line (RFL) to mitigate the PHS and germination problems. A hybrid F₂ population was developed to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and model their epistatic and genotype-by-environment interactions. Twelve QTLs for flowering time (FT, 3), plant height (5) or SD (4) were identified. Of the 4 SD loci, <i>qSD12</i> explained most of the phenotypic variance (R² = 0.34), and 2 (<i>qSD3</i> & <i>qSD6</i>) have the D alleles from the RFL. <i>qSD12</i> interacted with <i>qSD3</i> or <i>qSD7-2</i>, with the presence of the D allele at <i>qSD12</i> increasing the effects of the others, as well as the duration of seed storage at 24 or 40 ˚C for dormancy release. The F₂ plant-derived F₄ to F₆ lines were marker-assisted selected. The major effect of <i>qSD12</i> on seed germination and on-panicle sprouting was confirmed with the F₄ and F₅ lines, respectively. A sample of F₂ plant-derived backcross (BC₁F₁) plants, which are heterozygous for 2-4 of the SD QTLs, was evaluated for agronomic traits and genotyped with an array of SNP markers. Recurrent backcrossing with the RFL and genomic selection are used to pyramid the D alleles from <i>qSD12</i> and other locus/loci to develop new varieties and RF lines with improved resistance to PHS.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-025-01623-8.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"45 12","pages":"99"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12696218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145757108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Snap bean diversity for resistance to bean common mosaic and necrosis viruses examined using new and existing candidate gene-linked markers.","authors":"Alvaro Soler-Garzón, John P Hart, Phillip N Miklas","doi":"10.1007/s11032-025-01605-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-025-01605-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Snap bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.), a nutrient-rich crop, is limited by <i>Bean common mosaic virus</i> (BCMV) and <i>Bean common mosaic necrosis virus</i> (BCMNV). To better understand the genetic basis of resistance, 376 snap bean accessions and 12 F₂ populations were screened with US-6 [pathogroup (PG)-VII], NL-8 (PG-III), or NL-3 (PG-VI) strains and genotyped for <i>I</i>, <i>bc-1</i>, and <i>bc-3</i> loci using existing candidate gene-linked markers. Two Vps4 candidate genes associated with <i>bc-u</i> and <i>bc-2</i> recessive loci were re-sequenced to identify novel mutations. Two major allelic groups of <i>bc-u</i> missense mutations were identified: (<i>bc-u</i> ^a = <i>bc-u</i> ^d = <i>bc-u</i> ^g) and (<i>bc-u</i> ^r ≤ <i>bc-u</i> ^s), each interacting differently with <i>bc-1</i> and <i>bc-2</i> to confer strain-specific resistance or susceptibility to NL-3 and US-6. New <i>bc-2</i> ^{[IVT 7214]} and existing <i>bc-2</i> ^[Robust] and <i>bc-2</i> ^[UI-111] nonsense mutations exhibited functionally equivalent alleles, resulting in the same genetic effect across pathogroups. Twenty-six allelic combinations were found, 16 of which included the dominant <i>I</i> gene. Overall, 336 of 376 accessions carried <i>I</i>, of which 233 possessed <i>I</i> + <i>RNase H-Like 1</i> ^C + <i>bc-1</i> combination characteristic of host group (HG)-9 cultivars with restricted vein necrosis (VN) to NL-8. Importantly, 30 accessions possessed <i>I</i> + <i>RNase H-Like 1</i> ^C + <i>bc-1</i> + <i>bc-u</i> ^{a, d, or g}, conferring VN to NL-3 strain, characteristic of HG-10 cultivars. This panel provides a valuable resource of resistance diversity to BCMV and BCMNV, which can be used in breeding programs with the markers described. The <i>bc-2</i> and <i>bc-3</i> alleles, found in only one or two accessions, offer untapped resistance sources for snap bean.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-025-01605-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"45 12","pages":"98"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12660580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145649114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into engineering flowering time for breeding innovation and strategies to overcome trade-offs.","authors":"Sujeevan Rajendran, Yu Mi Kang, Baul Ko, Hye Song Lim, Jung Ro Lee, Geupil Jang, Sang Uk Lee, Chul Min Kim","doi":"10.1007/s11032-025-01620-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-025-01620-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increasing global population, reduction of arable land, limitation of cultivable conditions due to global warming became a huge challenge for sustainable food production. There is a threat that the current plant breeding techniques may become obsolete in the face of these problems. Amid this challenges, novel technologies also presenting innovative tools to face these problems. In the era of precision genome editing, classical breeding strategies are considered to be time consuming, labor intensive and in near future, it will be considered as a rudimentary way of plant breeding when compared with techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9, Prime editing and base editing technologies. Even though these tools provide an accelerated approach for crop improvement, Targets for these tools must be carefully selected and utilized for more precise plant breeding programs. However, manipulating key traits such as flowering time can entail trade-offs, including altered resource allocation, reduced yield potential, or developmental constraints. Advances in sequencing technologies provide high-resolution insights into gene functions, enabling precise identification of targets to mitigate these trade-offs. Flowering time in model and cultivated crops has been extensively studied, with numerous homologs characterized for potential application. This review emphasizes flowering time as a major trait for crop improvement under current agro-dynamics, it highlights the associated trade-offs, and it discusses strategies which include gene editing, tissue-specific promoters, and conditional regulation to optimize flowering traits and enhance productivity in food, feed, fiber, and energy crops.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-025-01620-x.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"45 11","pages":"94"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12619890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145541133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ethylene biosynthesis enzyme ACS3 acts as a key regulator of grain yield in rice.","authors":"Weijun Chen, Lvni Tan, Chenyang Li, Yingxin Qiu, Kunjie Li, Huashuai Cao, Yunxuan Zhang, Bin Li, Yixing Li, Li Li","doi":"10.1007/s11032-025-01613-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-025-01613-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enhancing rice yield per unit area is one of the most effective approaches to addressing the global food crisis. However, yield improvement is often accompanied by reduced stress resistance, making it imperative to balance productivity and resilience in current rice breeding efforts. Recent studies highlight phytohormone regulation as a promising strategy to achieve this balance. Ethylene, a hormone unique to plants, plays crucial roles in regulating rice growth, development, and stress responses, yet its role in coordinating grain yield and stress resistance remains unclear. In this study, we found that <i>1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase 3 (ACS3)</i>, a key rate-limiting enzyme in ethylene biosynthesis, was highly expressed in panicles and tiller buds, and that loss-of-function reduced ethylene levels. Furthermore, <i>acs3</i> mutant significantly increased the number of productive panicles and grains per panicle, resulting in enhanced rice yield. Notably, the <i>acs3</i> mutant exhibited enhanced yield per plant without significant reduction in stress resistance. These findings suggest that fine-tuning ethylene homeostasis via ACS3 rebalances growth and stress adaptation, offering a potential novel strategy for high-yield rice breeding with sustained stress tolerance.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-025-01613-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"45 11","pages":"95"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12619865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145541331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breeding and application of the elite genic male-sterile line RG666A of <i>Brassica Napus</i>.","authors":"Xiaohui Zhang, Yi Xu, Guangsheng Yang, Dengfeng Hong","doi":"10.1007/s11032-025-01618-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-025-01618-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"45 11","pages":"93"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12615868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145541123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of an <i>ovuleless</i> mutant and fine mapping of its causal <i>Ol</i> locus in cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L.).","authors":"Xiangyu Huang, Wenchang Dang, Guoqiang Sun, Junsong Pan, Run Cai, Jian Pan","doi":"10.1007/s11032-025-01606-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-025-01606-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ovule number sets the upper limit on seed yield in plants, yet the molecular control of ovule initiation remains largely unknown. Here, we characterised a spontaneous <i>ovuleless</i> (<i>ol</i>) mutant that bears round leaves, produces seed-empty fruits and completely lacks ovule primordia. Genetic analysis of 512 F₂ plants showed that the phenotype is governed by a single nuclear locus. Whole-genome resequencing of mutant and wild-type DNA bulks revealed a strong Euclidean-distance peak at the distal end of chromosome 2. Six newly developed InDel markers delimited ol to a 1.8 Mb interval, but suppressed recombination within this region prevented further reduction of the interval size. Leveraging the <i>Tnt1</i> insertional background, we detected two retrotransposon insertions unique to the mutant: one in exon 8 of <i>Csa2G377920</i>, encoding a lectin receptor-like kinase, and the other in the promoter of <i>Csa2G403160</i>, encoding a DOG1-domain bZIP transcription factor. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that transcripts from both genes are nearly abolished in <i>ol</i> mutants. Spatial and temporal profiling indicated that <i>Csa2G403160</i> is strongly expressed in female buds during ovule primordium initiation and is rapidly induced by the synthetic cytokinin CPPU, whereas <i>Csa2G377920</i> exhibits weak, constitutive expression and is cytokinin-insensitive. Collectively, phenotypic, genetic and expression evidence pinpoint <i>Csa2G403160</i> as the most likely causal gene underlying the ovuleless phenotype and highlight cytokinin-responsive bZIP signalling as a previously unrecognised layer in cucumber ovule development.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-025-01606-9.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"45 11","pages":"92"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12602851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145505948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}