Materials Characterization最新文献

{"title":"A study combining EBSD and x-ray synchrotron diffraction using generalized pole figures","authors":"Natalia S. De Vincentis ,&nbsp;Jairo A. Muñoz ,&nbsp;Emanuel Benatti ,&nbsp;Hugo R.Z. Sandim ,&nbsp;Martina C. Avalos ,&nbsp;H.-G. Brokmeier ,&nbsp;Raúl E. Bolmaro","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of advanced materials with optimum structural and mechanical properties requires a detailed control of their microstructures, textures and crystalline defects. Different techniques can be used for the characterization of those microstructures and defects, but it is their combination that could result in an exhaustive understanding of the microstructural and orientational developments on these materials.</div><div>X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) can be employed to obtain a “global” characterization of microstructure and texture, since the presence of defects in the sample produces shift and broadening of diffraction peaks. Different models have been developed to quantify these defects, some of which require fitting the complete diffraction pattern while others just individual peaks. These techniques can be extended to texture measurements, often represented through pole figures (PFs), wherein diffraction patterns are obtained for different sample orientations. This allows the determination of defect density in function of orientations and their representation in Generalized Pole Figures (GPFs).</div><div>On the other hand, for a more “local” characterization, Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) has proven to be extremely useful for microstructural and orientational analysis, allowing to assess defect accumulation in individual grains and orientations.</div><div>In this work, a set of 32,205 duplex steel samples cold-rolled up to 79 % reduction (in steps of approximately 20 %) are studied, aiming to investigate the evolution of defect storage with deformation in different orientations and texture components. For this purpose, Laue diffraction patterns have been obtained for these samples in P07 beamline in Petra III station (DESY), from which PFs and GPFs were obtained. This information is complemented with EBSD results, where dislocation arrays and grain and subgrain structures for particular orientations are studied. This paper not only aims at describing the microstructural evolution of a cold rolled duplex steel with increasing deformation, providing both a local and a global characterization of this microstructure, but also at exploring the capabilities of the diffraction techniques used for this purpose. The combination of both techniques allowed for an exhaustive analysis of defect storage and microstructural orientations developed with increasing deformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115641"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on effects of process parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of GH5188 direct diffusion bonding","authors":"Chunxi Yao ,&nbsp;Wei Guo ,&nbsp;Jingru Xin ,&nbsp;Xinlei Ding ,&nbsp;Peilong Fan ,&nbsp;Xinrong Li ,&nbsp;Jiangtao Xiong ,&nbsp;Jinglong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The process of direct diffusion bonding using GH5188 superalloy was investigated. The paper revealed that the bonding interface exhibited varying degrees of grain boundary migration as temperature increased, time extended, and pressure intensified. Furthermore, appropriate bonding pressure effectively promoted recrystallization in the joint, thereby enhancing its mechanical properties. The optimal joint was achieved at 1180 °C/60 min/15 MPa parameter, with yield tensile strength (YTS) reaching 467.7 MPa, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) reaching 998.2 MPa, elongation (EL) reaching 73.6 %, axial deformation at this parameter was measured at 2.2 %, with fracture surfaces located at base metal (BM) area, where numerous ductile dimple structures were observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115630"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on intermediate annealing-twice nitriding process and corrosion resistance of pure iron","authors":"Xiangpeng Chang ,&nbsp;Shuang Liu ,&nbsp;Tianxiang Huang ,&nbsp;Zelin Yan ,&nbsp;Yingfan Zhao ,&nbsp;Weiping Tong ,&nbsp;Jianjun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the challenge of increasing the thickness of the nitriding layer, an intermediate annealing-twice nitriding process was applied to pure iron, and the corrosion resistance of the nitriding samples was investigated. After the intermediate annealing-twice nitriding treatment, the thickness of the compound layer in the sample increased by 84 % compared to once nitriding, reaching 48.14 μm, while the transition layer thickness increased by 57 % to 52.49 μm. The intermediate annealing process at 600 °C for 1 h yielded a superior twice nitriding effect. And the intermediate annealing-twice nitriding process resulted in a significantly thicker nitriding layer compared to simple twice nitriding. The phase transformation and thickening mechanism of the nitriding layer during the process were revealed by EBSD, XRD, and TEM. Electrochemical tests showed that the nitriding samples exhibited repeated passivation behavior, and the sample with a thicker compound layer demonstrated better corrosion resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115631"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of carbides in nickel-base weld metals of 13 %Ni steel and first-principles study of their hydrogen solubility","authors":"Chenjun Yu,&nbsp;Shohei Uranaka,&nbsp;Eita Tochigi,&nbsp;Taira Okita,&nbsp;Mitsuo Kimura,&nbsp;Tomoya Kawabata","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The precipitation behavior and hydrogen-related properties of carbides in Ni-based weld metals fabricated by shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), and submerged arc welding (SAW) were systematically investigated. Microstructural characterization using SEM, EBSD, and TEM revealed that NbC is the dominant carbide in SMAW weld metals, while Mo₂C and M₆C prevail in GTAW and SAW weld metals, primarily located in inter-dendritic Nb- or Mo-rich segregation zones. Most carbide–matrix interfaces were found to be incoherent, and high dislocation densities were frequently observed around the precipitates, suggesting a potential for local hydrogen enrichment. First-principles calculations of hydrogen solution energies indicated that all carbide bulk phases exhibit significantly higher hydrogen solution energies than the Ni matrix, implying that they cannot act as effective hydrogen traps. However, non-coherent interfaces and surrounding dislocations may still serve as local hydrogen trapping sites. These findings provide critical insights into the precipitation characteristics and hydrogen–microstructure interactions in Ni-based alloy weld metals, which are relevant to the design and performance optimization of welded structures for hydrogen environment applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115625"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing high-temperature performance of AlCu alloys via nanoceramic particle-induced grain boundary stabilization and precipitate manipulation","authors":"Xu-Dong Ma ,&nbsp;Dan Zhang ,&nbsp;Bai-Xin Dong ,&nbsp;Hong-Yu Yang ,&nbsp;Shi-Li Shu ,&nbsp;Liang-Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Fan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Kang ,&nbsp;Jia Meng ,&nbsp;Cheng-Gang Wang ,&nbsp;Kuang Cao ,&nbsp;Jian Qiao ,&nbsp;Feng Qiu ,&nbsp;Qi-Chuan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Al<img>Cu alloys are widely employed in the automotive and aerospace industries owing to their exceptional mechanical properties. However, their performance degradation at elevated temperatures restricts broader applications. Departing from conventional alloying approaches, this study introduces a novel strategy to enhance the high-temperature mechanical properties of Al<img>Cu alloys through grain boundary stabilization and precipitation manipulation via the incorporation of trace meticulously designed TiC–TiB₂ nanoceramic particles. These particles inhibit element segregation and facilitate the transformation of intergranular second phases into a finer, reticular structure, thereby stabilizing the grain boundaries. Additionally, the nanoparticles increase dislocation density, serving as preferential nucleation sites for precipitation. The larger lattice distortion around the precipitates also triggered the formation of stacking faults. Consequently, a more refined and uniform distribution of nano-precipitates enhances interactions with dislocations, imparting greater deformation resistance., The ultimate strength (310 MPa) and fracture strain (10.2 %) of 0.15 wt% particle reinforced Al<img>Cu alloy achieves a synergistic improvement in both high-temperature strength and toughness, which are improved by 28 % and 64 % at 473 K compared with the matrix alloy. This work offers valuable insights for developing high-performance, heat-resistant Al<img>Cu alloys, paving the way for advanced industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115628"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic influence of rotational and travel speeds on microstructure and property in AlMg alloy via Additive Friction Stir Deposition","authors":"Yanan Hu ,&nbsp;Lei Shi ,&nbsp;Yichen Xiao ,&nbsp;Ashish Kumar ,&nbsp;Xiankun Zhang ,&nbsp;Chuansong Wu ,&nbsp;Song Gao ,&nbsp;Xiaochao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Additive Friction Stir Deposition (AFSD), as a novel solid-state additive manufacturing (AM) process, demonstrates substantial potential for fabricating high-integrity components using lightweight aluminum alloys. In the present study, the synergistic effects of tool rotational speed and travel speed on the microstructural evolution and mechanical performance of AA5083 alloy manufactured via AFSD were systematically investigated. Real-time monitoring of axial force and spindle torque was employed to enable in situ evaluation of thermo-mechanical conditions, which were quantitatively correlated with heat input, strain accumulation, and the resultant tensile properties. This research approach revealed the underlying mechanisms through which coupled process parameters regulate dislocation activity, grain refinement, and strengthening behavior in AFSD-fabricated aluminum alloys. An increase in rotational speed resulted in elevated heat input, thereby facilitating dynamic recovery and grain coarsening. In contrast, a higher travel speed reduced thermal input while increasing plastic strain, which contributed to the formation of more refined microstructures. Under high heat input conditions (i.e., tool rotational speed of 800 rpm and travel speed of 200 mm/min), the deposited AA5083 alloy exhibited an average grain size of 8.47 μm, with an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 296.7 MPa and a yield strength (YS) of 137.2 MPa. Notably, dislocation accumulation was identified as the dominant strengthening mechanism under this condition. Under lower heat input and higher strain conditions (i.e., tool rotational speed of 600 rpm and travel speed of 280 mm/min), finer grains were achieved (with an average size of 6.75 μm), accompanied by a comparable UTS (295.0 MPa) and a slight improvement in YS (139.1 MPa). This improvement in YS is attributed to the synergistic contribution of dislocation strengthening and grain boundary strengthening. These results confirm that lower heat input combined with higher strain rates enhances microstructural refinement without compromising mechanical strength, thereby providing a viable strategy for optimizing the AFSD process of Al<img>Mg alloys. The findings of this study advance the understanding of process–structure–property relationships in AFSD-fabricated alloys and provide support for the development of tailored process parameter sets for high-performance structural applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115617"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of solution treatment on the strength-toughness balance of 00Cr12Ni10MoTi steel: Comparative analysis of room-temperature and 77 K mechanical behavior","authors":"Jiabin Gao ,&nbsp;Yucheng Zhou ,&nbsp;Chong Chen ,&nbsp;Zhou Li ,&nbsp;Zhou Wang ,&nbsp;Liujie Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To obtain strength-toughness balance of 00Cr12Ni10MoTi steel, a varying solution-treatment temperatures (750–900 °C) before aging treatment at 500 °C were designed. The microstructure evolution was analyzed during heat treatment, and the mechanical behaviors and strengthening-toughening mechanisms at room-temperature and 77 K were researched. Results revealed that lower-temperature (750 °C) solution treatment promotes higher austenite content (<span><math><mi>RA</mi><mo>≈</mo><mn>16</mn><mo>%</mo></math></span>) and a more refined martensitic hierarchical structure (<span><math><msub><mi>D</mi><mtext>block</mtext></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>5.23</mn><mi>μm</mi></math></span>), with many nanoscale Ni₃Ti precipitates in the martensitic matrix. Mechanical testing results indicate that the steel after lower-temperature solution treatment demonstrates a high combination of strength and toughness at both room temperature and low temperature (77 K). The yield strength reaches as high as 1025.50 MPa at room temperature and 1276.00 MPa at low temperature. The impact toughness achieves approximately 165.00 J at room temperature and 75.20 J at low temperature. The study elucidates that the cryogenic toughness preservation in lower-temperature solution-treated 00Cr12Ni10MoTi steel is governed by two interlinked mechanisms:(1) high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) forming a three-dimensional obstruction network that effectively deflects and bifurcates propagating cracks through boundary pinning effects; (2) metastable retained austenite (RA) exhibiting phase-transformation-mediated toughening via both stress-induced martensitic transformation (TRIP effect) and intrinsic ductility contribution at 77 K. By analyzing the strength contributions, the origin of ultra-high strength of steels mainly includes the contribution of different strengthening effects due to dislocations, grain boundaries, precipitation, and frictional stresses. The reason for the increase in yield strength at low temperatures compared to room temperature is mainly due to the pronounced temperature dependence due to frictional stresses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115627"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on the lateral rolling friction additive manufacturing on microstructure and mechanical properties","authors":"Hai Liu ,&nbsp;Tongsheng Deng ,&nbsp;Ziye Yang ,&nbsp;Zhi Liu ,&nbsp;Yupeng Yuan ,&nbsp;Wei Chen ,&nbsp;Wenhao He","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel lateral rolling friction additive manufacturing (L-RFAM) using sheet. Process optimization focuses on the lateral deposition orientation, which increases the contact area between the friction tool and the sheet to ensure sufficient heat input for high-quality deposition. Solid-state manufacturing of metal structures is achieved using a milling cutter featuring orthogonal intersecting vertical and horizontal grooves as the tool head. To investigate the material formation mechanism during L-RFAM, the surface morphology, microstructure evolution, and properties of the deposited samples were analyzed. Al-Mg-Si-Sc alloy was successfully fabricated using L-RFAM in this work. The deposited samples exhibited an equiaxed fine-grained microstructure. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the interface bonding zone reached 95 % of that of the base metal, and its elongation (EL) increased by 27.5 %. The tensile strength (UTS) of the additive region decreased by 21.5 %, but its elongation (EL) increased by 50 %. L-RFAM demonstrates significant potential for solid-state additive manufacturing and provides fundamental insights applicable to future applications in material repair, gradient manufacturing, and miniaturization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115618"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segregation, precipitation, and phase decomposition behavior of a carbon-doped non-equiatomic nanocrystalline CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy","authors":"Yemao Lu ,&nbsp;Sangjun Kang ,&nbsp;Gennadiy Salishchev ,&nbsp;Anastasia Semenjuk ,&nbsp;Xiang Chen ,&nbsp;Christian Kübel ,&nbsp;Horst Hahn ,&nbsp;Yulia Ivanisenko","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Elemental segregation at grain boundaries significantly influences the mechanical and functional properties of materials through structural and compositional changes. This phenomenon is especially common in high entropy alloys (HEAs) composed of multi-principal elements. Understanding the behavior and evolution of elemental segregation at grain boundaries is essential for tailoring material properties. In this study, we investigated the segregation, precipitation, and phase decomposition behavior of a nanocrystalline non-equiatomic CoCrFeMnNi HEA with intentional doping C interstitials, subjected to isochronal annealing treatments. Microstructure characterization using electron microscopies and atom probe tomography suggests that the nanocrystalline FCC solid solution decomposed during annealing at 500 °C, leading to the formation of CoFe B2 and NiMn FCC phases together with significant decoration of grain boundaries by Ni<img>Mn and C<img>Cr co-segregations. Furthermore, annealing at higher temperatures accelerated the precipitation of Cr carbides, CoFe B2 and NiMn FCC phases. However, the intermetallic particles were not observed after annealing at the evaluated temperatures, while the carbides persisted. It is proposed that diffusion processes were accelerated in the nanocrystalline HEA due to the high density of lattice defects. These findings provide detailed insight into the sequence and mechanisms of decomposition, from initial elemental segregation to precipitation in HEAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115622"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser powder bed fusion of copper-bearing AISI 316 L: Microstructure, biofunctional and corrosion performance","authors":"Amir Behjat ,&nbsp;Ehsan Norouzi ,&nbsp;Mahshid Kharaziha ,&nbsp;Jin-Yoo Suh ,&nbsp;Sara Bagherifard ,&nbsp;Mahta Khorramian ,&nbsp;Abdollah Saboori","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing strategies to impart antibacterial properties to biomaterials while preserving cytocompatibility is essential for addressing implant-associated infections. In this study, copper-alloyed AISI 316 L stainless steel produced by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) was investigated as a dual-functional biomaterial with both antibacterial and cytocompatible characteristics. Unlike previous studies that mainly focus on bulk composition, this study emphasizes the role of microstructural features unique to L-PBF processing, specifically copper micro-segregation at cellular boundaries and nanoscale oxides and examines how these influence electrochemical behavior and biological responses. Electrochemical tests suggest that the AISI 316 L-Cu samples exhibit corrosion behavior comparable to that of conventional AISI 316 L. Nevertheless, the addition of Cu resulted in diminished pitting resistance, which subsequently affected the characteristics of the passive film. Importantly, AISI 316 L-Cu demonstrate significant antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive bacteria (<em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>) and Gram-negative bacteria (<em>Escherichia coli</em>). Moreover, AISI 316 L-Cu reveals in vitro bioactivity and cytocompatibility in contact with osteoblast-like MG63 cells, supporting cell proliferation and spreading. The daily release of copper ions in physiological saline solution is measured at a trace level of parts per billion (2.5 ppb/cm²), which is considered to pose minimal risk to human health. In summary, AISI 316 L-Cu exhibited a strong capacity to enhance both antibacterial properties and cytocompatibility, suggesting a distinct advantage for its application in orthopedic settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115614"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}