Shan Gao , Bingwen Zhou , Yunfeng Liu , Da Teng , Yixin Xie , Xingguo Zhang
{"title":"Effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties, wear and corrosion resistance of HVAF sprayed FeCoNiCrMo high-entropy alloy coating","authors":"Shan Gao , Bingwen Zhou , Yunfeng Liu , Da Teng , Yixin Xie , Xingguo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat treatment was employed to simultaneously enhance the wear and corrosion resistance of FeCoNiCrMo high-entropy alloy (HEA) coatings sprayed using high velocity air-fuel (HVAF) techniques. To investigate the mechanisms of phase transformation and the relationship between microstructural evolution and the mechanical, wear, and anti-corrosion properties, the coatings were subjected to heat treatment at various temperatures. The results revealed that the as-sprayed FeCoNiCrMo coating comprises FCC and σ phases. The μ phase precipitates at the edges of the σ phase following heat treatment at 700 °C, while the σ phase undergoes complete dissolution after heat treatment at 900 °C. Bond tension tests indicate that the coating maintains consistently high bonding strength with the substrate. Notably, the coating exhibits peak hardness (805.2 HV) and lowest wear rate (1.6 × 10<sup>−5</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>·N<sup>−1</sup>·m<sup>−1</sup>) after a 700 °C, 4-h heat treatment, attributed to the precipitation strengthening of the hard phase, with abrasive and oxidative wear identified as the dominant wear mechanisms. Additionally, the corrosion resistance of the coating progressively improves with increasing temperature. The coating experiences static recrystallization after heat treatment at 900 °C, leading to a homogeneous structure and refined grains, which significantly enhance its corrosion resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 115199"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fuqiang Guo , Shuwei Duan , Kenji Matsuda , Xuemei Liu , Yong Zou
{"title":"The microstructure and corrosion behavior analysis of different aging Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys manufactured by additive friction stir deposition","authors":"Fuqiang Guo , Shuwei Duan , Kenji Matsuda , Xuemei Liu , Yong Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys prepared by additive friction stir deposition (AFSD) after different heat treatments were studied. The AFSD alloy consists of uniform dynamically recrystallised equiaxed grains (<5.5 um), devoid of defects and delamination. The stirring effect of the AFSD process can break up large phases in the BM and improve the corrosion resistance. AFSD alloys can precipitate small-sized η’ phases under artificial aging at 120 °C for 8 h. This process can enhance the mechanical properties (486 MPa, elongation 4.74 %), and the alloy has many large-sized T and η phases which surrounded by PFZ, resulting in low corrosion resistance. The AFSD alloy after solution treatment and artificial aging have many fine η’ phase with low film capacitance value, which increases pitting and IGC resistance. But the alloys underwent grain growth and grain boundary migration during the solid solution process, resulting in the absence of PFZ and low plasticity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115187"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qi-Hua Yang , Han-Qi Wei , Shu-Juan Zhao , Gui-Hua Li , Xuan Liu , Le Fu , Zhi-Wei Luo , Jia-Yong Si , Ge-Mei Cai
{"title":"Visible and near-infrared emission of lead-free Cs3Cu2I5:Bi perovskite by valence state regulation for optical anti-counterfeiting coatings","authors":"Qi-Hua Yang , Han-Qi Wei , Shu-Juan Zhao , Gui-Hua Li , Xuan Liu , Le Fu , Zhi-Wei Luo , Jia-Yong Si , Ge-Mei Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the proliferation of counterfeit products has led to increased concerns about anti-counterfeiting technology, with traditional single-mode fluorescence methods proving insufficient due to their susceptibility to replication. The new copper-based halide materials have shown great potential in the field of multi-mode anti-counterfeiting due to their unique structure, excellent luminescence performance, and high defect tolerance. In this work, near-infrared emission of Cs<sub>3</sub>Cu<sub>2</sub>I<sub>5</sub> was achieved for the first time through Bi doping. By exploiting the dual emission center characteristics of the resulting Cs<sub>3</sub>Cu<sub>2</sub>I<sub>5</sub>:Bi, we demonstrated its excitation wavelength-dependent emission. It was then mixed with cyclohexane to prepare an advanced fluorescent anti-counterfeiting coating for screen printing, enabling high-precision pattern printing onto various substrates. The resulting anti-counterfeiting patterns exhibit excellent weather resistance, remaining virtually unchanged after 60 days at room temperature. This study lays the foundation for expanding the emission range of Cs<sub>3</sub>Cu<sub>2</sub>I<sub>5</sub> and adjusting multi band emission, and confirms its potential application in the field of multi-mode anti-counterfeiting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115203"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junjie Li , Yanyan Yuan , Jiaoling Zhao , Yuchun Tu , Hu Wang , Yun Cui , Rong Huang , Kui Yi
{"title":"Exploring the impact of CH4 gas on crystallization behavior and interfacial structure in Mo/B4C multilayer films: A novel approach to thin-film engineering","authors":"Junjie Li , Yanyan Yuan , Jiaoling Zhao , Yuchun Tu , Hu Wang , Yun Cui , Rong Huang , Kui Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interface structure and crystallization behavior play an important role in the reflectivity of multilayer mirrors. In this study, Mo/B<sub>4</sub>C multilayers were prepared by magnetron sputtering technology with the introduction of CH<sub>4</sub> gases to investigate crystallization behavior, interface diffusion, as well as interface roughness. The results indicate that the introduction of CH<sub>4</sub> gases reduced the crystallinity of the Mo layers to some extent and altered the phase composition. All samples possessed a well-defined periodic structure. The Mo layer was primarily in a microcrystalline or amorphous state, thereby effectively reducing the interface roughness of the multilayer film. Additionally, with the introduction of CH<sub>4</sub> gases, an interlayer of molybdenum carbide was formed at the B<sub>4</sub>C-on-Mo interface, effectively preventing interface diffusion between the layers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115197"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Sc and Zr co-microalloying on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of 7085Al alloy","authors":"Rui Cao, Xizhou Kai, Yuchao Xing, Wenjie Bao, Wei Qian, Yutao Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the trace addition of Sc and Zr in 7085Al alloy significantly improved strength and ductility at room and high temperature. The Al<sub>3</sub>(Sc, Zr) precipitates with Sc-rich core and Zr-rich shell and their size ranged from 20 to 80 nm, such special structure made Al<sub>3</sub>(Sc, Zr) precipitates owned excellent thermal stability. Hence Al<sub>3</sub>(Sc, Zr) precipitates can still effectively pin grain boundaries and hinder dislocation movement at high temperature. The dislocation accumulation caused by Al<sub>3</sub>(Sc, Zr) precipitates during hot rolling promoted dynamic recrystallization. The average grain size of α-Al grains was increased with the increase of rolling reduction and the average size grains of 7085Al- 0.3Sc- 0.2Zr alloy with 90 % rolling reduction were decreased to 3.2 μm. Compared with 7085Al matrix alloy under 90 % rolling reduction, the average grains size was decreased to 70.3 %. Al<sub>3</sub>(Sc, Zr) precipitates had good strengthening effect at both room and high temperature. The UTS, YS and elongation of 7085Al- 0.3Sc- 0.2Zr alloy at 25 °C were increased to 611.7 MPa, 523.8 MPa and 13.8 % respectively, the UTS, YS and elongation of 7085Al- 0.3Sc- 0.2Zr alloy at 300 °C were increased to 223.4 MPa, 201.2 MPa, 27.9 % respectively. The increase of mechanical properties was attributed to the synergistic strengthening effect induced by the fine grain strengthening and the Orowan bypassing strengthening mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115200"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruixiong Zhai , Yuwei Liang , Taihong Huang , Qiang Ji , Quan Dong , Tao Wang , Yanhong Zhuang , Jingbiao Bai , Zijie Yang , Peng Song
{"title":"Non-isothermal oxidation kinetics and mechanism of whisker reinforced ZrB2-SiC-MoSi2 composite powder","authors":"Ruixiong Zhai , Yuwei Liang , Taihong Huang , Qiang Ji , Quan Dong , Tao Wang , Yanhong Zhuang , Jingbiao Bai , Zijie Yang , Peng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the oxidation resistance of ZrB<sub>2</sub>, a novel SiC whisker (SiC<sub>w</sub>) reinforced ZrB<sub>2</sub>-MoSi<sub>2</sub> composite powder was prepared via spray granulation. Its oxidation kinetics were investigated using non-isothermal thermos gravimetric analysis. The findings demonstrate that ZrB<sub>2</sub>-SiC<sub>w</sub>-MoSi<sub>2</sub> powder exhibits high thermal stability. The incorporation of SiC<sub>w</sub> and MoSi<sub>2</sub> into ZrB<sub>2</sub> not only reduces the mass gain by 8.3 % but also elevates the activation energy to 568.35 kJ/mol. This enhanced oxidation resistance is attributed to the formation of a mixed oxide layer, which effectively hinders oxygen diffusion. The oxidation mechanism is best described by the Avrami-Erofeev equation (<em>n</em> = 3/2), indicating nucleation and growth dominated kinetics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115196"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mengyuan Han , Debin Zhao , Hao Fan , Junbo Zhao , Wenshuai Wang , Xiaoyi Yuan , Haibo Long , Hua Wei , Shengcheng Mao , Lihua Wang , Ze Zhang , Xiaodong Han
{"title":"The formation of the defects in γ′ phase under the high temperature and super-gravity stress","authors":"Mengyuan Han , Debin Zhao , Hao Fan , Junbo Zhao , Wenshuai Wang , Xiaoyi Yuan , Haibo Long , Hua Wei , Shengcheng Mao , Lihua Wang , Ze Zhang , Xiaodong Han","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The defects in the γ′ phase determine the failure of the superalloy. This study investigated the formation of the defects in γ′ phase under high temperature and super-gravity stress. The dislocation pairs are formed in the top section of the super-gravity test sample. In the bottom section of the super-gravity test sample, the single dislocation and stacking faults are formed in addition to the dislocation pairs. By comparison, it is mainly the dislocation pair formed in the creep rupture sample, which has the same treatment time as the super-gravity test. Its density is also much lower than that of the super-gravity test sample. The Burgers vectors of the defects are calibrated, and their formation mechanisms are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115202"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jie Su , Minglie Hu , Zhen Li , Jinglong Tang , Xiaohua Wang , Zhen Luo
{"title":"Enhancing mechanical properties and microstructure evaluation in lap welding joint of 5754/6061 dissimilar aluminum alloys via laser-CMT hybrid welding","authors":"Jie Su , Minglie Hu , Zhen Li , Jinglong Tang , Xiaohua Wang , Zhen Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study pioneers the application of Laser-cold metal transfer (CMT) hybrid welding and CMT welding techniques to weld 5754/6061 dissimilar aluminum alloys. A systematic comparison of the two joints under the same heat input is conducted, covering macroscopic morphology, analysis of droplet force, microstructure evolution, interfacial microstructure, and mechanical properties. The findings reveal that the Laser-CMT process modifies joint geometry and wetting, affecting grain growth and element diffusion. It remarkably improves joint mechanical properties. Compared to CMT, the maximum tensile load rises by 29.3 %, elongation by 18.3 %, microhardness by 6.3 %, and the joint tensile strength reaches 275.9 N/mm. This research further postulates the strengthening and formation mechanisms of Laser-CMT joints. The work is expected to provide technical and theoretical references for precisely controlling the geometry, interface, and mechanical properties of dissimilar aluminum alloy lap joints, and for optimizing the connection process of dissimilar materials for various applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115188"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuankun Zhang , Kan Liu , Pengju Shi , Aoke Jiang , Yishi Su , Fenghua Luo , Haoze Lin , Xinpeng Wang , Yu Long
{"title":"Effect of T6 heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Hf-modified Al7075 alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion","authors":"Yuankun Zhang , Kan Liu , Pengju Shi , Aoke Jiang , Yishi Su , Fenghua Luo , Haoze Lin , Xinpeng Wang , Yu Long","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Very recently, we have proposed a new Hf-modified Al7075 alloy, which was demonstrated to have good compatibility with laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) processing. The present work has further explored the response of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy to a T6 heat treatment (solution treatment at 470 °C for 1 h + aging at 120 °C for 24 h). It was found that after the heat treatment, Al<sub>3</sub>Hf precipitates have experienced a huge change, from a spheroidal form with an L1<sub>2</sub> structure to a needle-like form with a D0<sub>22</sub> structure, whereas the grain morphology, size, orientation have little been altered. Meanwhile, the strength of the alloy has obviously been improved without losing much of the ductility after the heat treatment. The improvement of the strength is mainly attributed to the produced D0<sub>22</sub>-Al<sub>3</sub>Hf particles, which have an unexpected coherent interface with the α-Al matrix, a large volume fraction, and a small radius of the repeated building blocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115190"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hao Wu , Liwei Wang , Guixue Bian , Ziyangyang Wei , Huiyun Tian , Zhongyu Cui
{"title":"Determining the controlling factor of the stress corrosion cracking of 2024 aluminum alloy with different heat treatments in thin electrolyte layer environment","authors":"Hao Wu , Liwei Wang , Guixue Bian , Ziyangyang Wei , Huiyun Tian , Zhongyu Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effect of heat treatment on the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior and its controlling process of 2024 aluminum alloy is investigated. Natural aging (NA) shows little effect on the microstructure and properties of the alloy, while artificial aging can alter the Al<sub>2</sub>CuMg phase, grain boundary precipitates (GBPs), and dislocations to affect SCC sensitivity. Peak aging (PA) state has the highest SCC sensitivity, attributed to the continuous GBPs that increase anodic dissolution sensitivity and the high dislocation density that facilitates hydrogen embrittlement. Therefore, the controlling step of SCC changes from corrosion under NA to synergistic effect between corrosion, hydrogen and stress under artificial aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115183"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}