Materials Characterization最新文献

{"title":"Assessing microstructure, morphology, and mechanical properties of Al-2Fe-1Ni alloy through correlational characterization analysis","authors":"Jaderson Rodrigo da Silva Leal ,&nbsp;Felipe Escher Saldanha ,&nbsp;Guilherme Lisboa de Gouveia ,&nbsp;José Eduardo Spinelli","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One approach to addressing the growing demand for Al alloys in an environmentally sustainable manner is through recycling. However, the primary challenge involves mitigating the loss of mechanical properties and expanding the application range of scrap-containing alloys, primarily due to the formation of deleterious Fe-rich intermetallic phases. To tackle this issue, various methodologies have been explored, ranging from the less efficient dilution of scrap in primary Al to the use of elements such as Ni that modify these harmful phases, combined with control of solidification thermal parameters. Despite the potential of this approach, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding the formation kinetics of Fe-rich intermetallics under varying thermal conditions and the addition of Ni in Fe-rich Al alloys. This study investigates the Al-2Fe-1Ni alloy solidified at cooling rates of 0.5 K/s and 10.5 K/s using optical microscopy, SEM, XRD, EBSD, XCT, and tensile tests. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of Ni in suppressing the formation of the primary Al₁₃Fe₄ intermetallic phase and promoting microstructures predominantly composed of eutectic cells containing Al + Al₉FeNi. The Al₉FeNi fibers within the eutectic cells exhibited morphological variations, with the central segments being more refined and orderly compared to the coarser and less aligned peripheric segments. Furthermore, the microstructural refinement induced by increasing the cooling rate during solidification (from approximately 1 K/s to 8 K/s) resulted in enhanced yield strength (from 88 MPa to 125 MPa) and tensile strength (from 116 MPa to 138 MPa), while maintaining ductility, as evidenced by a consistent fracture strain of approximately 25 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 114962"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L12 short-range order microstructure and ordered solid solution model of K-state in NiCrAlFe alloy","authors":"Yamin Li ,&nbsp;Shutong Fan ,&nbsp;Wentao Liu ,&nbsp;Qian Chen ,&nbsp;Hongjun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Short-range order (SRO) structures are commonly found in various solid solution alloys such as Ni<img>Cr, Fe<img>Al, medium/high entropy alloys, etc., which significantly affect the mechanical and functional properties of alloys. The K-state in many alloys is a typical inhomogeneous solid solution with SRO. However, the local atomic structure of the K-state is still unclear and the quantitative characterization of the SRO remains a formidable challenge. In this study, the microstructure of the K-state in the NiCrAlFe alloy was characterized by spherical aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy, and based on crystallography and elastic distortion theory, three-dimensional reconstruction of the microscopic crystal structure was performed. From the results, the K-state crystal structure model of Ni<img>Cr alloys is defined as Ni₁₉Cr₁₃, and the occupation of Ni and Cr atoms in short-range ordered solid solutions are clarified. The essence of the K-state is L1₂ SRO arranged along the 〈110〉 direction of the face-centered cubic (FCC) matrix. The L1₂ SRO domains with sizes of 1–5 nm are semi-coherent with a FCC matrix through a large number of edge dislocations, and the crystallographic orientation relationship between the FCC matrix and L1₂ SRO domains is <span><math><msub><mfenced><mn>100</mn></mfenced><mi>BCT</mi></msub><mo>/</mo><mo>/</mo><msub><mfenced><mn>110</mn></mfenced><mi>FCC</mi></msub></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mfenced><mn>100</mn></mfenced><mi>BCT</mi></msub><mo>/</mo><mo>/</mo><msub><mfenced><mn>100</mn></mfenced><mi>FCC</mi></msub></math></span> (BCT = body-centered tetragonal). The “local state” and “defect state” caused by the SRO of the K-state are the fundamental reasons for the change of the physical properties of the NiCrAlFe alloy. The proposed strategy can be generally used to investigate short-range ordering phenomena in different materials with the K-state and medium/high entropy alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 114978"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of TiB2 particles on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Ni alloy fabricated by powder metallurgy","authors":"Yanzhi Peng ,&nbsp;Jian Wang ,&nbsp;Zunyan Xu ,&nbsp;Li Fu ,&nbsp;Liyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Qiong Lu ,&nbsp;Jingmei Tao ,&nbsp;Rui Bao ,&nbsp;Jianhong Yi ,&nbsp;Caiju Li","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mechanical properties of Al-11Si-3Cu-2Ni-1 Mg alloy (M142 alloy) are significantly affected by grain size, Si phase and intermetallic phase size and distribution. Therefore, the regulation of microstructure is very important to improve the mechanical properties of the alloy. In this work, high performance TiB₂/M142 composites were prepared by powder metallurgy and hot extrusion. The results show that TiB₂ particles can effectively refine the grain and the second phase, and induce more intragranular intermetallic phases. With the increase of TiB₂ content, the strength increased continuously, but the ductility increased first and then decreased. The improvement of the strength of the composites are mainly attributed to thermal mismatch strengthening. The first increase in ductility is mainly due to the capture and pin of the dislocation by intragranular intermetallic phases, which makes the grains have stronger dislocation accumulation and storage capacity. The subsequent reduction in ductility is mainly attributed to the local stress concentration in the TiB₂ agglomeration region, which eventually leads to the rapid failure of the composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 114979"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure evolution and hydrogen embrittlement mechanism of a 2200 MPa press-hardened steel with tempering treatment","authors":"Wei Jian Chen ,&nbsp;Zi Yao Wei ,&nbsp;Shun Hu Zhang ,&nbsp;Ming Kun Ge ,&nbsp;Xin Dai ,&nbsp;Shun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study elucidates the coupled enhancement of yield strength and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) resistance in a 2200 MPa press-hardened steel (PHS) through tempering treatments. The results indicate that as the tempering temperature rises, the dislocation density decreases, and the type of precipitated particles changes from needle-like ε-carbides to rod-like η-carbides. Quantitative strengthening mechanism analysis demonstrates that although dislocation strengthening diminishes by 176 MPa after 300 °C tempering, the overall yield strength increases by 186 MPa (reaching 1624 MPa) due to enhanced precipitation strengthening through the interaction between the ε/η-carbides and dislocations. Furthermore, the HE sensitivity of ultra-high strength PHS is governed by the diffusible hydrogen trapped in the dislocations and grain boundaries. Notably, the precipitated particles (semi-coherent (V, Nb)C and ε/η-carbides) effectively suppress both hydrogen-enhanced decohesion (HEDE) and hydrogen-enhanced localized plasticity (HELP) mechanisms by hindering the movement of dislocation‑hydrogen atmospheres. This synergistic effect achieves remarkable HE resistance (fracture strength loss of 1.3 % and displacement loss of 13.2 %) while maintaining ultrahigh strength.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 114955"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of copper in transforming CuxCoCrNiAl high-entropy alloys for enhanced strength and ductility","authors":"Fa-Chang Zhao ,&nbsp;Guo-Ning Ji ,&nbsp;Xing-Ming Zhao,&nbsp;Rong-Da Zhao,&nbsp;Fu-Fa Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study conducted a detailed analysis of the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of a series of Cu_<em>x</em>CoCrNiAl high-entropy alloys (HEAs) to assess the influence of Cu content on HEAs. The findings indicated that with increasing Cu content, the alloy's phase structure changed from FCC1 + FCC2 (AlCu) + BCC to FCC phase. As the Cu content rose from 20 % to 80 %, the hardness of the alloy decreased progressively from 515 HV to 135 HV, and the ultimate tensile strength reduced from 1335 MPa to 524 MPa. The fracture mechanism shifted from a mixed brittle-ductile fracture to a ductile fracture. Consequently, the Cu₄CoCrNiAl HEA (CA50) demonstrated superior overall mechanical properties, with hardness, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation measured at 321 HV, 556 MPa, 846 MPa, and 16.4 %, respectively. This research is significant for the advancement of engineering and structural materials with outstanding mechanical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 114973"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of overlap percentage on morphology, microstructure, and mechanical properties during multilayer multi-pass friction rolling additive manufacturing","authors":"Haibin Liu ,&nbsp;Yangyang Xu ,&nbsp;Run Hou ,&nbsp;Chenghao Wu ,&nbsp;Chunyang Yang ,&nbsp;Ruishan Xie ,&nbsp;Shujun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid-state metal additive manufacturing technology leads to efficient and rapid production of large, complex metal components. Friction Rolling Additive Manufacturing (FRAM) has successfully overcome the limitations of the width of formed parts and facilitates the manufacture high-performance large metal components. However, research on deposition strategies for thick-section-formed parts is yet to be conducted. This study reports the successful fabrication of multilayer multi-pass samples with different overlap percentages (OPs) (0 %, 12.5 %, 25 %, 37.5 %, 50 %, 62.5 %, and 75 %) and the effects of OP on sample morphology, microstructure, and mechanical properties. The results indicate that with gradually increasing OP, the effective deposition width narrows, mixing degree of plasticized material in overlap zone (OZ) improves, and forming morphology of samples progressively deteriorates. The height of OZ increases from 0.7 mm to 2.4 mm, with a maximum height difference of approximately 0.85 mm between the OZs and non-OZs. The height and slope of the grooves at the edges of the OZ gradually decrease. Simultaneously, the as-deposited (AD) 25 % OZ was observed to have small and uniform grains with sizes of about 5.82–7.44 μm. The grain size and LAGBs of the post-deposited heat-treated (PDHT) OZ center increased to 8.4 μm and 52 %, respectively. The mechanical properties of the AD and the PDHT of the 25 % overlap sample were optimal. The maximum tensile strength and elongation of the PDHT-25 % overlap sample in the Y- and <em>Z</em>-direction were 265 MPa, 15.8 %, and 242.3 MPa, 14.8 %, respectively. Thus, 25 % OP (OZ width of 3 mm) effectively balances the morphology, efficiency, and performance of the sample, providing an optimal multilayer, multi-pass deposition strategy for the future deposition of thick sections of large, complex metal components using FRAM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 114980"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pre-aging on the microstructure and properties evolution of cold-rolled Cu-Ni-Co-Si during final aging","authors":"Yang Song ,&nbsp;Yuefeng Jiang ,&nbsp;Dongyang Zhao ,&nbsp;Yuheng Fan ,&nbsp;Hongliang Zhao ,&nbsp;Chunwen Guo ,&nbsp;Shuya Zhang ,&nbsp;Xianglei Dong ,&nbsp;Qiao Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermomechanical treatment plays a crucial role in microstructure regulation and properties optimization of precipitation-hardening Cu alloys. In this study, the influence of pre-aging on the microstructure and properties evolution of cold-rolled Cu-1.2Ni-0.9Co-0.5Si alloy during final aging has been systematically investigated. The results demonstrated that pre-aging induced an increase in dislocation density and facilitated the precipitation of fine precipitates, thereby resulting in a simultaneous enhancement of both strength and electrical conductivity. The Cu-1.2Ni-0.9Co-0.5Si alloy treated by pre-aging at 500 °C for 1 h exhibits a tensile strength of 791.5 MPa and an electrical conductivity of 45.3 % IACS, which are both superior to the counterparts of the alloys without pre-aging treatment (755.5 MPa and 42.2 % IACS). However, as aging proceeded, the pre-aging treated alloy exhibited an accelerated decline in dislocation density due to enhanced recrystallization and a more pronounced tendency for precipitation growth compared to the untreated alloy. Consequently, the pre-aging treated alloy showed a more conspicuous softening phenomenon and resultant lower strength level during over-aging period than the untreated one.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 114957"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural, mechanical and electrical properties of aluminum-copper butt joints produced by high-speed friction stir welding","authors":"Zahra Silvayeh ,&nbsp;Marta Lipińska ,&nbsp;Sebastian Fritsche ,&nbsp;Felix Schindler ,&nbsp;Peter Auer ,&nbsp;Andreas Hütter ,&nbsp;Gean Henrique Marcatto de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Norbert Enzinger ,&nbsp;Josef Domitner","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Driven by the accelerating trends for lightweighting and electrification of vehicles, friction stir welding (FSW) of aluminum with copper is gaining increasing attraction in the automotive industry. Therefore, this work investigated FSW of 1.6 mm-thick oxygen-free high conductivity (OFHC) copper (Cu99.95) and 2.0 mm-thick EN AW-1050A aluminum (Al99.5) sheets. The microstructure of the butt joints and the mechanical and electrical properties of the welded blanks were analyzed. The experimental methods included scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), micro-computed tomography (μCT), hardness mapping, quasi-static uniaxial tensile testing, three-point bending and resistivity/conductivity measurements. Even at the high welding speed of about 1 m/min force-controlled FSW was successful with a tool offset towards the aluminum sheet. Sound joints with finely dispersed copper particles in the weld and with a 0.5 μm-thin intermetallic layer between the weld and the copper sheet were obtained. Tensile strength, fracture strain and hardness of the defect-free joints were about a quarter lower, but their electrical conductivity was slightly greater than those of the aluminum sheet. The decrease of the mechanical properties was mainly due to dynamic recrystallization (DRX), whereas the increase of the conductivity was due to the dispersion of copper particles in the weld. However, decreasing the forge depth caused sporadic seizure and release of the weld metal by the tool shoulder and reduced the forge pressure applied on the weld metal. Accordingly, the material flow became unstable, open voids formed due to lack of refill on the weld surface, and lack of bonding between the rings of the stir pattern occurred. These defects impaired the tensile properties of the blanks, but their influence on the electrical properties was less significant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"224 ","pages":"Article 114961"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wavelength-resolved neutron transmission analyses of textured materials","authors":"F. Malamud ,&nbsp;M.A. Vicente Alvarez ,&nbsp;J.R. Santisteban ,&nbsp;M. Strobl","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wavelength-resolved neutron imaging for diffraction contrast often referred to as Bragg edge imaging is a neutron-based technique that has gained attention in recent years due to its promising ability to characterize the microstructure of polycrystalline materials with spatial resolution. This method relies on spatially resolved analyses of diffraction induced features in transmission spectra within the thermal neutron range. Assessable characteristics are e.g. phase fractions, lattice strains, and crystallographic texture. For the latter forward modelling of transmission spectra from known orientation distribution functions (ODFs) has been demonstrated for various materials. However, solving the inverse problem—retrieving crystallographic texture from transmission spectra—presents a more complex challenge. In recent years, the authors have developed two theoretical approaches to model the relationship between transmission spectra and texture, either by decomposing the ODF into individual orientation fractions or by expanding it into a Fourier series. Both approaches have shown excellent predictive capability for materials with different crystal symmetries, including hexagonal, FCC, and BCC structures. Here we present the comparison between the proposed models, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of the direct method based on different approaches for the analysis of wavelength-resolved neutron transmission experiments of textured materials. Finally, we present the future trends in the inversion method, i.e., the estimation of the ODFs from transmission spectra in tomography experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 114969"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The corrosion resistance improved by the coarsening precipitations containing Zn in the Al-4.0Cu-1.0Li-Mg alloy","authors":"Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Zhou ,&nbsp;Nian Liu ,&nbsp;Zhen-zhen Liu ,&nbsp;Guang-jun Zeng ,&nbsp;Jian-mei Li ,&nbsp;Chao Cai ,&nbsp;Dan-yang Liu ,&nbsp;Jin-feng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.114966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relationship between the microstructure characteristic evolution, electrochemical behavior and corrosion behaviors of the aging Al-4.0Cu-1.0Li-Mg alloy with and without the addition of Zn was investigated. A comprehensive evaluation of the correlation between microstructure and corrosion properties was conducted through a series of tests, including hardness tests, immersion tests, electrochemical tests, and microstructure characterization. The results demonstrated that the aggregation of Zn elements in the coarse T₁ phases at the grain boundaries (GBs) was greater than that within the grains. The addition of Zn element to the aging Al-4.0Cu-1.0Li-Mg alloy was not affecting the phase type evolution and precipitation sequence of the aging phase. As the aging time was extended, the number of T₁ phases in the grain increased, the number of θ′ phases decreased, the width of the precipitate-free zone (PFZ) narrowed, and the T₁ phase at the GBs underwent a transformation from continuous to intermittent to continuous. The corrosion depth reduction of intergranular corrosion (IGC) during under-aging (UA) stage and diminished the corrosion susceptibility of exfoliation corrosion (EXCO) under peak-aging (PA) and over-aging (OA) stages in the alloy with Zn addition were attributed to the promotion of the addition of Zn element on the T₁ phase coarsening and the reduction in potential difference between the Zn-containing coarsening phase at GBs or within the grain and the alloy matrix.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 114966"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}