Materials Characterization最新文献_第10页

Determining the controlling factor of the stress corrosion cracking of 2024 aluminum alloy with different heat treatments in thin electrolyte layer environment 确定2024铝合金在薄电解质层环境下不同热处理应力腐蚀开裂的控制因素

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115183

Hao Wu , Liwei Wang , Guixue Bian , Ziyangyang Wei , Huiyun Tian , Zhongyu Cui

引用次数: 0

C/B ratio-driven phase modulation in stainless steel coating: A synergistic strategy for corrosion and wear performance optimization 不锈钢涂层中C/B比驱动的相位调制：一种优化腐蚀和磨损性能的协同策略

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115179

Jieliang Ye, Yueqiao Feng, Zhuguo Li

{"title":"C/B ratio-driven phase modulation in stainless steel coating: A synergistic strategy for corrosion and wear performance optimization","authors":"Jieliang Ye, Yueqiao Feng, Zhuguo Li","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of stainless steel coatings confronts an intrinsic trade-off between mechanical durability and corrosion resistance under extreme service conditions. Although carbon strengthens materials via carbide precipitation, this mechanism carries significant risks of introducing galvanic corrosion. Current scientific understanding remains incomplete regarding the optimal hard-phase design that simultaneously maximizes hardness and corrosion integrity in stainless systems. This study systematically investigated the influence of C/B ratio on microstructural evolution, corrosion resistance, and wear performance in modified stainless steel coatings. Four coatings with varying C/B ratios (0.8C + 0.2B, 0.5C + 0.5B, 0.2C + 0.8B, and 1.0B) were fabricated via laser cladding. Microstructural characterization revealed progressive phase transformations: austenite-dominated → martensite-dominated → ferrite-martensite dual-phase systems, accompanied by sequential reinforcement phase transitions from M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub>-type carboborides to M<sub>3</sub>C-type carboborides and finally to M<sub>2</sub>B borides. Notably, the 0.2C + 0.8B coating exhibited peak hardness (654 HV<sub>0.5</sub>) and the strongest wear resistance by virtue of the superior elastic-plastic deformation resistance of the matrix coupled with the high hardness and modulus of M<sub>3</sub>(C, B). Concurrently, this composition demonstrated secondary corrosion resistance due to the smallest volta potential difference (the minimum corrosion driving force) between the matrix and M<sub>3</sub>(C, B). These findings attest to the application potential of the M<sub>3</sub>C-type reinforcement + martensite matrix in the field of corrosion and wear, and providing guidelines for designing advanced stainless steels with tailored properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115179"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detwinning mechanism of textured nano-twinned Cu under shock loading: Role of shock pressure and direction 冲击载荷下织构纳米孪晶Cu的脱孪生机理：冲击压力和冲击方向的作用

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115192

Caihong Hou , Xuhai Li , Wenjun Zhu , Xiaoping Ouyang , Lei Xu , Zhenhua Cao , Yuying Yu , Jianbo Hu

{"title":"Detwinning mechanism of textured nano-twinned Cu under shock loading: Role of shock pressure and direction","authors":"Caihong Hou , Xuhai Li , Wenjun Zhu , Xiaoping Ouyang , Lei Xu , Zhenhua Cao , Yuying Yu , Jianbo Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the dynamic response of textured nano-twinned copper (Cu) under dynamic loading poses a significant challenge. This study investigates the dynamic deformation mechanisms involving twinning, dislocation behavior, and texture evolution in textured nano-twinned Cu through both experimental and simulation approaches, considering various loading pressure and directions. Our findings demonstrate that the plastic deformation, dominated by detwinning, is dependent on both loading pressure and direction. Specifically, when the loading pressure exceeds a critical threshold (the normal stress of ∼12 GPa, corresponding to the shear stress of ∼1.5 GPa), the twin volume fraction decreases monotonically, reaching approximately 60 % with increasing shock pressure. Furthermore, comparative analysis across three distinct loading directions reveals that detwinning is most pronounced at 90° loading, followed by 0° loading, with 45° loading exhibiting the least detwinning activity, aligning with variations in shear stress. Postmortem characterizations and molecular dynamics simulations indicate that detwinning is primarily driven by the interaction between dislocations and complete coherent twin boundaries (CTBs), leading to the formation of twin dislocations (TDs). The glide of TDs along the twin plane facilitates the migration of CTBs in the normal direction, resulting in the development of vertical step-like incoherent twin boundaries (ITBs), which ultimately contributes to twin degradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115192"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-stage rolling regulates deformation twins and Sc-rich precipitation behavior to enhance comprehensive properties of advanced Cu-Cr-Zr-Sc alloys 多级轧制调节变形孪晶和富sc析出行为，提高高级Cu-Cr-Zr-Sc合金的综合性能

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115184

Bowen Ma , Engang Wang , Weixin Luo , Xue Zhao , Wenna Zhu , Shuanglu Zhang , Tao Peng , Liang Li

{"title":"Multi-stage rolling regulates deformation twins and Sc-rich precipitation behavior to enhance comprehensive properties of advanced Cu-Cr-Zr-Sc alloys","authors":"Bowen Ma , Engang Wang , Weixin Luo , Xue Zhao , Wenna Zhu , Shuanglu Zhang , Tao Peng , Liang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Through the adjustment of the multi-stage rolling process to induce deformation twinning and alter the precipitation behavior of Sc-rich phases, we developed an advanced Cu-Cr-Zr-Sc alloy with excellent tensile strength (631.33 ± 10.9 MPa), yield strength (597.14 ± 9.26 MPa), hardness (219.06 ± 3.94 HV), electrical conductivity (63.3 ± 0.16 % IACS), and wear resistance, comparable to alloys produced by severe plastic deformation under optimal multi-stage rolling conditions (60 % CR1 + 450 °C × 2 h + 50 % CR2 + 200 °C × 1 h). The uniform distribution of Cu<sub>4</sub>(Sc, Zr) at both the micron scale (∼1.5 μm) and nanoscale was a key factor in achieving high hardness while maintaining high strength. Meanwhile, under the optimal rolling conditions, the alloy remained high electrical conductivity due to the near-equal rolling reductions in two stages, which induced the formation of more deformation twins. During the friction process, the higher matrix strength facilitated the transfer of oxides to the matrix, effectively reducing the friction coefficient. Compared to the non-doped Sc alloy (∼61.68 μm), the wear track depth was reduced by nearly half (∼34.92 μm). Furthermore, we observed short rod-like stacking faults within the matrix, which were caused by Shockley partial dislocations. Finally, we found that some of the Sc exists in the form of atomic clusters within the Cu alloy indicating that, in addition to grain boundary strengthening, dislocation strengthening, and precipitation strengthening, cluster strengthening is also a key factor in improving the alloy's strength and maintaining high ductility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115184"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of B and C elements on microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of TiN coating deposited by PACVD B、C元素对PACVD沉积TiN涂层微观结构、力学性能和摩擦学性能的影响

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115178

Farid Movassagh-Alanagh , Amir Abdollah-Zadeh , Ramin Aghababaei

{"title":"Effects of B and C elements on microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of TiN coating deposited by PACVD","authors":"Farid Movassagh-Alanagh , Amir Abdollah-Zadeh , Ramin Aghababaei","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, hard coatings have gained various industrial applications due to their excellent properties. This research describes the effects of adding B, C and both elements on the microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of TiN film synthesized by PACVD. The results indicate that incorporating boron and carbon into TiN results in the creation of a nanocomposite microstructure, where amorphous phases surround nano-crystals of TiN, h-BN, and TiB<sub>2</sub>. The existence of carbon in the TiCN and TiBCN coatings manifests as DLC and amorphous carbon. The use of BBr<sub>3</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> for depositing TiBCN coatings reduces the intensity of plasma formed surrounding the samples and increases the etching rate, resulting in a thickness reduction from 2.16 to 0.28 μm. The introduction of boron and carbon into the TiN coating enhances its hardness from 16.6 to 30 GPa, attributed to the formation of nanocomposite microstructures. TiBCN coating exhibits an indentation toughness value of 1.52 ± 0.2 MPa.m<sup>0.5</sup>, the highest among the deposited coatings. The addition of carbon to both TiN and TiBN coatings reduces their coefficients of friction, decreasing from approximately 0.55 and 0.4, respectively, to about 0.3. This reduction is attributed to the creation of lubricating compounds like amorphous carbon and DLC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115178"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crack healing and strength-ductility enhancement of CM247LC alloy via laser powder bed re-melting followed by hot isostatic pressing and heat treatment 热等静压和热处理对CM247LC合金裂纹愈合和强塑性增强的影响

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115195

Qiangkun Wang , Wei Zhang , Pengfei Gao , Lu Wang , Gaige Chang , Baihao Cai , Chenyu Liu , Mengwei Duan , Yong Peng , Kehong Wang

{"title":"Crack healing and strength-ductility enhancement of CM247LC alloy via laser powder bed re-melting followed by hot isostatic pressing and heat treatment","authors":"Qiangkun Wang , Wei Zhang , Pengfei Gao , Lu Wang , Gaige Chang , Baihao Cai , Chenyu Liu , Mengwei Duan , Yong Peng , Kehong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High crack susceptibility remains a critical challenge in laser powder bed fusion of nickel-based superalloys with high γ'-volume fractions. This study systematically analyzes the crack formation mechanisms, melt pool morphology, and microstructural evolution of CM247LC alloy by optimizing selective laser re-melting (SLRM) parameters (laser power: 176 W, scan speed: 1143 mm/s, hatch spacing: 0.11 mm) combined with hot isostatic pressing (HIP: 1240 °C/150 MPa/4 h) and heat treatment (HT: 1260 °C solution treatment +870 °C aging). Results indicate that cracks primarily propagate along high-angle grain boundaries, with initiation closely linked to elemental segregation (O, Al, C, Ti) and residual stress concentration. Increasing the re-melting volumetric energy density (<em>E</em><sub><em>v</em></sub>) to 56.8 J/mm<sup>3</sup> significantly enhances the melt pool depth-to-width ratio (<em>D</em>/<em>W</em> = 0.62), exacerbating temperature gradients and stress concentrations, thereby elevating crack susceptibility. After SLRM + HIP + HT treatment, the grain aspect ratio decreases from 7.32 to 3.66, while serrated grain boundaries and uniformly distributed γ'-phases effectively inhibit crack propagation and reduce residual stress. The final specimens exhibit exceptional strength-ductility synergy: ultimate tensile strength of 1352 ± 16 MPa, yield strength of 988 ± 25 MPa, and elongation of 11.5 ± 0.8 %, representing improvements of 23.0 %, 18.9 %, and 79.7 %, respectively, compared to the as-built selective laser melting samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115195"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High cooling rate solidification: Promoting uniform distribution of nano TiB2-TiC particles and enhancing the high-temperature mechanical properties of Al5Cu alloy 高冷却速率凝固：促进纳米TiB2-TiC颗粒的均匀分布，提高Al5Cu合金的高温力学性能

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115182

Yuewu Zheng , Yu Wang , Bojun Li , Yu Bai , Hong Xu , Lixing Liu , Bin Song , Xiaofeng Li

{"title":"High cooling rate solidification: Promoting uniform distribution of nano TiB2-TiC particles and enhancing the high-temperature mechanical properties of Al5Cu alloy","authors":"Yuewu Zheng , Yu Wang , Bojun Li , Yu Bai , Hong Xu , Lixing Liu , Bin Song , Xiaofeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Through high cooling rate solidification technology promotes the uniform distribution of nano TiB<sub>2</sub>-TiC particles, significantly enhancing the high-temperature tensile properties and creep resistance behaviors of Al<img>5Cu alloy. This technique not only can uniformly refine the grains, but also can effectively realize the diffuse distribution of TiB<sub>2</sub>-TiC particles. The uniformly dispersed nano TiB<sub>2</sub>-TiC particles enhance the pinning effect on grain boundaries and dislocations, enabling cooperative deformation between grains and thus improving the high-temperature mechanical properties of the Al<img>5Cu alloy. After T6 heat treatment, the results show that the high-temperature performance of the 0.1 wt% TiB<sub>2</sub>-TiC/Al-5Cu alloy, prepared under high cooling rate solidification, is superior to that of the original Al<img>5Cu alloy. Its ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS), and elongation (EL) are improved by 5.6 %, 11.5 %, and 26.5 %, respectively, compared to the original Al<img>5Cu alloy. Additionally, no creep fracture occurred within 24 h under conditions of 473 K and 200 MPa. The steady-state creep rate was 1.2 × 10<sup>−6</sup> /s, which represents a 58.6 % reduction compared to the original Al<img>Cu alloy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115182"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reduction of compression-tension yield asymmetry in binary MgGd alloys via mastering their crystallographic textures 通过控制二元MgGd合金的晶体织构来降低合金的压拉屈服不对称性

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115180

Dongsheng Han , Cai Chen , Mingchuan Wang , Nathalie Siredey-Schwaller , Zhonghua Du , Sen Yang , Fengjian Shi , Benoit Beausir , Amèvi Tongne , Laszlo S. Toth

{"title":"Reduction of compression-tension yield asymmetry in binary MgGd alloys via mastering their crystallographic textures","authors":"Dongsheng Han , Cai Chen , Mingchuan Wang , Nathalie Siredey-Schwaller , Zhonghua Du , Sen Yang , Fengjian Shi , Benoit Beausir , Amèvi Tongne , Laszlo S. Toth","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compression-tension asymmetry (CTA) in yield strength is one of the issues that hinders widespread application of wrought Magnesium (Mg) alloys. Strong basal texture formed in thermomechanical processing and the difference in activation of deformation twinning in tension and compression are responsible for CTA. To reduce CTA, the readily implementable Double Equal Channel Angular Pressing (D-ECAP) is used in this study for altering the microstructure and texture of Mg samples. Mg bars containing 1, 5, and 10 wt% Gd were subjected to D-ECAP at 400 °C. Due to plastic strain, the average grain sizes decreased from several hundred microns to about 13.4 μm, 5.6 μm, and 5.1 μm, respectively. All processed samples showed high strength and characteristics shear textures. The crystallographic textures displayed the so-called C1-C2 and B fibers. C1-C2 were the major fibers in the 1 % and 5 % Gd samples, while the B and C1 fibers appeared in the 10 % Gd sample. C1-C2 requires high activity of pyramidal <c + a > slip, and B belongs to basal slip. The CTA was measured by the ratio of the compression/tensile yield stress and significant increase in CTA was obtained on the D-ECAP processed samples with respect to the base alloys. The CTA reached 0.85 in the Mg<img>10Gd alloy without sacrificing the yield strength. Polycrystal plasticity simulations were done using the experimental textures and good reproduction of the CTA values were achieved. The simulation results also revealed the relative activity of the slip and twinning systems for understanding the mechanisms that control the CTA. The results of this study revealed that D-ECAP is an efficient processing technology that can be widely used in the preparation of high-performance Mg<img>Gd alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115180"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of wt% molybdenum content on the tribological properties of WC-10Ni/Mo coatings at elevated temperatures wt%钼含量对WC-10Ni/Mo涂层高温摩擦学性能的影响

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115191

Netrananda Behera , M. Ravish , Prakash Kumar , M.R. Ramesh

{"title":"Effect of wt% molybdenum content on the tribological properties of WC-10Ni/Mo coatings at elevated temperatures","authors":"Netrananda Behera , M. Ravish , Prakash Kumar , M.R. Ramesh","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maraging Steel is widely used in automotive and aerospace components; however, it should not be exposed to high temperatures because of its poor wear and friction characteristics. This study investigates the effect of temperature on WC-10Ni coatings with the addition of molybdenum from 10 to 30 wt% applied on a Maraging Steel using a high-velocity oxy-fuel technique. A ball-on-disc tribometer with Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as a counterpart was used to evaluate the wear and friction properties of the coatings at RT, 300, and 600 °C and 10 and 30 N of load. The coating characterization was carried out using SEM, XRD, density measurements, microhardness testing, porosity evaluations, surface roughness measurements, and bond strength assessment. The wear rate and mechanism are ascertained using a 3D profilometer and SEM-EDS. The outcomes demonstrate that the WC-Ni/10 %Mo coating has greater bond strength and microhardness than the WC-Ni/20 %Mo and WC-Ni/30 %Mo coatings. The wear rate of the substrate increases with increasing temperature. The WC-Ni/20 %Mo and WC-Ni/30 %Mo coatings showed increasing wear rates until 300 °C, decreasing at 600 °C. At 600 °C, coatings included oxide phases such as NiWO<sub>4</sub>, WO<sub>3</sub>, MoO<sub>3,</sub> and NiMoO<sub>4</sub>, which helped lower the wear rate and coefficient of friction. Moreover, when temperatures rose, the coefficient of friction for all three coatings and substrates dropped. At all loads and temperatures, the WC-Ni/10 %Mo coating was well performed compared to WC-Ni/20 %Mo, WC-Ni/30 %Mo coating, and substrate regarding coefficient of friction and wear resistance. In particular, fatigue and abrasive wear predominated at RT, but oxidative, adhesive, and abrasive wear were all seen at 600 °C. The volumetric loss of the ball for WC-Ni/10 %Mo is higher than that of WC-Ni/20 %Mo and WC-Ni/30 %Mo coatings due to the higher hardness of WC-Ni/10 %Mo coating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115191"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TiO2 addition induced grain refinement and hardening of laser-clad FeCrAl coating on T91 steel TiO2的加入诱导了T91钢激光熔覆层的晶粒细化和硬化

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115194

Haiyu Dong , Linjiang Chai , Chuanmei Wang , Hongliang Liu , Chaodan Hu , Xiaotong Zhao , Yimeng Yang , Min Zhang

{"title":"TiO2 addition induced grain refinement and hardening of laser-clad FeCrAl coating on T91 steel","authors":"Haiyu Dong , Linjiang Chai , Chuanmei Wang , Hongliang Liu , Chaodan Hu , Xiaotong Zhao , Yimeng Yang , Min Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To overcome the shortcoming of FeCrAl coatings liable to form coarse columnar grains, this work explores the influence of TiO₂ addition on grain structure and hardness characteristics of laser-clad FeCrAl coatings on T91 steel. Results show that the cross-sections of the FeCrAl and FeCrAl/TiO<sub>2</sub> coating samples consist of three regions: cladding zone (CZ), heat-affected zone (HAZ) and substrate, with distinct microstructural features. The CZ of the FeCrAl coating sample is composed of coarse columnar grains (average size 35.5 ± 0.7 μm), while the FeCrAl/TiO<sub>2</sub> coating consists of uniform equiaxed grains with an much smaller average size of 7.8 ± 0.4 μm. Analysis indicates that the TiO<sub>2</sub> particles added into the initial powders undergo decomposition during laser heating and re-precipitate as Ti-rich nano-particles during subsequent cooling, which can act as heterogeneous nucleation sites and promote the formation of equiaxed grains. The HAZs of both the laser-clad samples are composed of fine martensitic laths, with specific orientation relationships followed during the martensitic transformation, resulting in distinct misorientation characteristics. Hardness tests show that the FeCrAl and FeCrAl/TiO<sub>2</sub> coatings have average hardnesses of 264.1 ± 3.6 HV and 327.6 ± 10.4 HV, respectively, both much greater than the substrate (206.4 ± 2.9 HV). Quantitative analysis of microstructural characteristics indicates that the greater hardness of the FeCrAl/TiO<sub>2</sub> coating can be ascribed to combined grain-refinement strengthening, second-phase strengthening and solid-solution strengthening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 115194"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0