Materials Characterization最新文献_第10页

High temperature tensile properties and deformation mechanism of 2205 duplex stainless steel fabricated by laser powder bed fusion 激光粉末床熔合2205双相不锈钢的高温拉伸性能及变形机理

IF 5.5 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115540

Wei Zhao , Li Feng , Yanqun Shao , Yulong Chen , Yao Li , Xianming Zhan , Bo Zhao , Yanjin Lu

{"title":"High temperature tensile properties and deformation mechanism of 2205 duplex stainless steel fabricated by laser powder bed fusion","authors":"Wei Zhao , Li Feng , Yanqun Shao , Yulong Chen , Yao Li , Xianming Zhan , Bo Zhao , Yanjin Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compared with cast specimens, 2205 duplex stainless steel produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) demonstrates a superior combination of strength and ductility at room temperature. However, although 2205 is widely applied in high-temperature environments such as chemical processing and nuclear power, its high-temperature tensile behavior after LPBF processing remains insufficiently understood. In this study, highly dense 2205 duplex stainless steel was fabricated via LPBF, and its microstructural evolution and deformation mechanisms during tensile testing from 20 °C to 800 °C were systematically investigated following a solution treatment at 1050 °C. The results revealed that the specimen exhibited high strength (648 MPa) and elongation (40 %) at room temperature, primarily attributed to its fine grain size and high density of dislocations. At room temperature, the deformation mechanisms include dislocation planar and cross-slip in ferrite, while austenite undergoes planar slip, deformation twinning, and transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP). As the deformation temperature rises to 200 °C and 400 °C, a notable reduction in elongation is observed, primarily because the increased stacking fault energy (SFE) in austenite suppresses both twinning and the TRIP, resulting in a deformation mechanism dominated by dislocation slip. The LPBF-produced 2205 duplex stainless steel demonstrates outstanding mechanical performance from room temperature to 400 °C, with UTS, 0.2YS, and elongation all exceeding the ASTM 240 standard, highlighting its promise for structural applications in extreme environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115540"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A deep learning fusion model for in-situ grain size analysis of nickel-based superalloys 镍基高温合金原位晶粒尺寸分析的深度学习融合模型

IF 5.5 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115518

Ruizhe Liang , Liang Tang , Ni Wang , Jianli Zhou , Yixu Zhang , Yuefei Zhang

{"title":"A deep learning fusion model for in-situ grain size analysis of nickel-based superalloys","authors":"Ruizhe Liang , Liang Tang , Ni Wang , Jianli Zhou , Yixu Zhang , Yuefei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the material characterization of superalloys, widely accepted methods for grain size detection include the comparative method, the area method, and the intercept method. However, all of these methods rely on manual implementation. These methods are relatively time-consuming and subjectively biased. Under this prerequisite, it is very challenging to design and implement an efficient method to assist in determining the grain size of superalloys materials. In this study, a deep learning method for extracting grains from scanning electron microscope images with in-situ analysis was proposed. The method was able to derive the variation rule of its grain size in mechanical experiments. We took visual geometry group 16 as the backbone network and fused the convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation to get the grain boundary segmentation and extraction model. This model was trained using the scanning electron microscope images obtained from the in-situ tensile experiment. The proposed model showed higher performance with the dice similarity coefficient of 81.8 % when validated on unforeseen images than other baseline models. Moreover, the model was capable of accurately segmenting and extracting twins that exhibited no discernible grain boundaries and were distinguished solely by brightness contrast. The areas of grains were also calculated and the rule of change of grain size was summarized on the results with in-situ analysis. This method can be applicable to a variety of grain size detection methods and expanded for different needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115518"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling ultra-high plasticity and the mechanism of microstructural evolution in semi-solid squeeze-cast leaded nickel-tin bronze through solution treatment 通过固溶处理揭示了半固态挤压铸造含铅镍锡青铜的超高塑性及其组织演化机制

IF 5.5 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115521

Zhijie Wang , Dingdong Huo , Yingjie Sun , Yongkun Li , Rongfeng Zhou , Zhaoqiang Li , Zhangxing Liu

{"title":"Unveiling ultra-high plasticity and the mechanism of microstructural evolution in semi-solid squeeze-cast leaded nickel-tin bronze through solution treatment","authors":"Zhijie Wang , Dingdong Huo , Yingjie Sun , Yongkun Li , Rongfeng Zhou , Zhaoqiang Li , Zhangxing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of solution temperature (650 °C, 670 °C, 690 °C) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of semi-solid cast leaded nickel‑tin bronze (Cu-Sn-Ni-Pb) was studied. The results show that Sn-rich intergranular phases were essentially eliminated and accompanied by the formation of abundant annealing twins (ATs). The solution-treated (ST) promoted uniform diffusion of Ni and Sn elements into the α-Cu matrix, enhancing microstructural uniformity and suppressing Sn segregation. Both ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation (E) initially increased and then decreased with rising solution temperature. When the solution temperature is 670 °C, the alloy exhibits the optimal combination of mechanical properties, with UTS and E reaching 394.5 MPa and 51.8 % respectively. Notably, compared to the as-cast alloy, E increased by 153.9 % with only a 1.7 % reduction in UTS, challenging the conventional view of this alloy's limited heat treatment response. This is mainly attributed to multiple microstructural defects generated during the tensile deformation process, including high-density dislocations, stacking faults (SFs), and deformation nano-twins (DNTs). This study provides a reference for the preparation of leaded nickel‑tin bronze alloys with high strength and ultra-high plasticity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115521"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiscale microstructural investigations of white and brown etching layers initiating the squat formation in pearlitic rail steels 珠光体钢轨钢中引起深蹲形成的白色和棕色腐蚀层的多尺度显微组织研究

IF 5.5 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115477

Matteo Russo , Aurélien Saulot , Xavier Sauvage , Muriel Véron , Edgar Rauch , Léo Thiercelin , Frédéric Lebon , Patrice Chantrenne , Sophie Cazottes

{"title":"Multiscale microstructural investigations of white and brown etching layers initiating the squat formation in pearlitic rail steels","authors":"Matteo Russo , Aurélien Saulot , Xavier Sauvage , Muriel Véron , Edgar Rauch , Léo Thiercelin , Frédéric Lebon , Patrice Chantrenne , Sophie Cazottes","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the microstructural evolution of a pearlitic railway rail affected by squat defects, focusing on the microstructural gradients in the white and brown etching layers (WELs and BELs) below the rail surface. A multiscale characterisation of the rail microstructure is conducted using a combination of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy with Automated Crystal Orientation Mapping (ACOM-TEM) mode, and Atom Probe Tomography (APT). The findings reveal that the microstructural gradient in the transformed layers consists of nanograins of carbon-saturated ferrite, twinned martensite, retained austenite, decomposed cementite, and secondary carbides. The presence of retained austenite suggests a thermal formation of the observed microstructure. The interaction between thermal driving forces and the effects of cumulative plastic deformations caused by wheel–rail interactions is discussed. It is suggested that while thermal forces drive the formation of the WEL/BEL microstructure, the tribological surface transformation (TST) occurs according to local equilibrium conditions. Specifically, the thermal driving force is enhanced by chemical driving forces resulting from the nanostructuring process of the rail microstructure prior to the WEL/BEL formation. Over subsequent wheel–rail contact cycles, the pearlitic microstructure experiences nanostructuring, leading to the formation of a dense network of grain boundaries, the fragmentation and decomposition of cementite, and the diffusion of carbon atoms (C) into ferrite by C-defects interactions. These transformations create a chemical driving force that lowers the energy barrier for austenite nucleation, ultimately resulting in the formation of martensite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115477"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of microstructure and hardness evolution in N36 alloy subjected to gradient deformation and annealing 梯度变形退火后N36合金显微组织及硬度变化研究

IF 5.5 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115525

Huang Xuefei , Wu Yihao , Cibo Lihao , Chen Tianxu , Liao Tongxiao , Liao Jingjing

{"title":"Investigation of microstructure and hardness evolution in N36 alloy subjected to gradient deformation and annealing","authors":"Huang Xuefei , Wu Yihao , Cibo Lihao , Chen Tianxu , Liao Tongxiao , Liao Jingjing","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A simple batch-processing method has been proposed to prepare large-sized zirconium alloys with gradient microstructure. Specifically, a wedge-shaped N36 alloy (Zr-1Sn-1Nb-0.3Fe) sample was hot-rolled to produce a continuous deformation gradient ranging from 0 to 90 %. The samples were subsequently annealed at different temperatures ranging from 500 °C to 650 °C for 2 h to explore the effects of annealing on the hardness and microstructure. The results showed that the hardness increases proportionally with the hot-rolling strain below 60 %, but increases much more significantly when the strain reaches 90 %. Annealing results in a hardness decrease and the higher annealing temperature induces a larger decrease, while the regions with higher hot-rolling strain retained higher hardness after annealing. The as-rolled alloy exhibits a dynamically recrystallized microstructure consisting of equiaxed grains with a high dislocation density. Annealing results in a significantly decreased dislocation density and a bigger grain size. After annealing, the regions with higher rolling strain exhibited larger grain sizes, higher recrystallization degrees, lower dislocation densities. However, the second-phase particles (SPPs) in the more severely deformed regions exhibited a larger size and higher precipitate volume fractions, which contributed to the higher hardness. Both the rolled and annealed alloys displayed {0001} <11<span><math><mover><mn>2</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></math></span>0 > and {0001} <01<span><math><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></math></span>0 > textures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115525"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Automated indentation-based slip trace analysis for bcc and B2 intermetallic plasticity bcc和B2金属间化合物塑性的自动压痕滑移轨迹分析

IF 5.5 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115524

Vincent Gagneur , Jóhan P. Magnussen , Kan Ma , Matthew J. Lloyd , Nigel Martin , Alexander J. Knowles

{"title":"Automated indentation-based slip trace analysis for bcc and B2 intermetallic plasticity","authors":"Vincent Gagneur , Jóhan P. Magnussen , Kan Ma , Matthew J. Lloyd , Nigel Martin , Alexander J. Knowles","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intermetallics are a key material class toward high-temperature applications, as monolithic materials such as B2 NiAl, or when used as a precipitate reinforcing phase within Ni fcc-superalloys or nascent bcc-superalloys and refractory high entropy superalloys. There is large variability across B2 ordered-bcc intermetallic compounds in terms of strength and ductility, which is underpinned by variability in their dominant slip systems. Here we have developed an automated indentation-based slip trace analysis method, designed to accelerate the assessment and quantification of favoured slip systems. The methodology uses microhardness indentation and imaging of the resultant surface slip traces, paired with local crystal orientations determined by Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD). Our newly developed code for automated detection of slip trace orientations then uses image segmentation, Hough transform line detection, and a scoring procedure that evaluates how likely detected lines are to be aligned with real slip traces. This simply applied methodology is validated on fcc nickel, and then used to determine the slip behaviours of four bcc/B2 materials, finding unambiguous evidence of ½<111> {112} and/or {123} type slip in bcc Fe and B2 Ti<sub>2</sub>AlNb, compared to slip predominantly on {110} in B2 TiFe and Ti<sub>2</sub>AlMo, which correlates to their respective apparent ductile/brittle behaviours. The methodology can readily be adapted to other testing techniques (e.g. nanoindentation, tensile), and to gain deformation behaviour insights for other crystal structures (e.g. hcp and complex intermetallics).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115524"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulating the precipitation-free zone and nano-precipitation phase by cyclic solution treatment in 2.3 GPa maraging steel 循环固溶处理对2.3 GPa马氏体时效钢无析出区和纳米析出相的调节

IF 5.5 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115522

Xin Liu, Meng Zhang, Kaiyu Zhang, Wanliang Zhang, Hongxing Zhou, Chengshuang Zhou, Lin Zhang

{"title":"Regulating the precipitation-free zone and nano-precipitation phase by cyclic solution treatment in 2.3 GPa maraging steel","authors":"Xin Liu, Meng Zhang, Kaiyu Zhang, Wanliang Zhang, Hongxing Zhou, Chengshuang Zhou, Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper systematically studies the effect of cyclic solution treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2.3 GPa maraging steel. Compared to conventional heat treatment, the strength of maraging steel increased by 100 MPa and the elongation improved by 12.6 %. Cyclic solution treatment refined the martensitic matrix by 29.9 % and increased the austenite volume fraction by about 2 %. The lower the cyclic solution treatment temperature, the larger the proportion of shear lips at the fracture, and the smaller and denser the dimples. It was first discovered that the cyclic solution treatment temperature can regulate the formation of the precipitation-free zone. The precipitation-free zone significantly reduces the strength of maraging steel and affects the precipitation strengthening of maraging steel. The double aging treatment increased the volume fraction of the nano-precipitated phase by 10.7 % and improved the strength of the material. From the strength model, it was found that dislocations moved through a shear mechanism, with the η-Ni<sub>3</sub>Ti phase being the primary strengthening phase. This work opens up a new path for developing and researching higher-strength maraging steels and broadening the applications of maraging steels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115522"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructure, shear strength and failure mechanism of TZM/graphite joints bonded by a SPS pressureless brazing technique SPS无压钎焊TZM/石墨接头的显微组织、抗剪强度及破坏机理

IF 5.5 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115520

Binrong Nong , Zhiqiang Fan , Jiuxing Zhang , Cuiliu Han , Jingwen Zhang , Donghui Li , Yan Wang

{"title":"Microstructure, shear strength and failure mechanism of TZM/graphite joints bonded by a SPS pressureless brazing technique","authors":"Binrong Nong , Zhiqiang Fan , Jiuxing Zhang , Cuiliu Han , Jingwen Zhang , Donghui Li , Yan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study developed a spark plasma sintering (SPS) pressureless brazing technique to join TZM alloy and graphite, using a self-designed mold with Ti foil as the interlayer. The effect of brazing temperature on the microstructure and shear strength of the TZM/graphite joints as well as the interfacial failure mechanism were investigated. At the optimal brazing temperature of 1580 °C, the joint interface exhibited no detectable defects such as cracks or un-welded regions, with the microstructure consisted of island-like TiC, plate-like TiC, finger-like TiC coexisted with (βTi, Mo) solid solution, and continuous (βTi, Mo) solid solution. The shear strength of TZM/graphite joint brazed at 1580 °C reached a maximum of 55.34 MPa, with fracture predominantly occurred at the bonding interface between graphite and plate-like TiC. The island-like TiC, formed by the reaction of the partially melted Ti diffusing into graphite pores, promoted crack deflection or even crack arrest, thereby enhancing the interfacial strength. Fracture analysis revealed a mixture of intergranular fracture along the granular TiC and transgranular cleavage fracture within island-like TiC. This study demonstrates the feasibility of SPS pressureless brazing for fabricating high-strength TZM/graphite joint with favourable microstructural characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115520"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simultaneously enhancing strength and plasticity of age-hardened AlCu alloy induced by bimodal sized ZrB2 particles 同时提高双峰ZrB2晶粒诱导时效硬化AlCu合金的强度和塑性

IF 5.5 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115516

Jing Zhang , Jianbin Ji , Jing Hu , Yalin Lu , Fei Sun , Xiaohong Yang , Jiqiang Wu , Xulong An , Wei Wei

{"title":"Simultaneously enhancing strength and plasticity of age-hardened AlCu alloy induced by bimodal sized ZrB2 particles","authors":"Jing Zhang , Jianbin Ji , Jing Hu , Yalin Lu , Fei Sun , Xiaohong Yang , Jiqiang Wu , Xulong An , Wei Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A bimodal-sized (micro/nano) ZrB₂ particle-reinforced Al<img>Cu alloy was developed via semi-solid stir casting in this study, the age-hardening behavior was investigated and compared with that of single-sized (micro or nano) ZrB₂ particle-reinforced Al<img>Cu alloys, and the corresponding mechanisms were discussed. The research results show that bimodal ZrB<sub>2</sub> particles can effectively refine the grain size of Al<img>Cu alloys and promote aging precipitation<em>,</em> resulting in a decrease of peak aging time from 18 h to 12 h, and precipitation temperature drops for the θ’ phase in the differential scanning calorimeter curve. More importantly, compared with the Al<img>Cu matrix alloy, bimodal-sized (micro/nano) ZrB₂ particles can bring about simultaneous enhancement of strength and plasticity, with its ultimate tensile strength and elongation increasing from 375 MPa and 14.4 % to 416 MPa and 21.6 %, respectively, i.e. with the enhancement ratio of 10.9 % in tensile strength and 50 % in elongation. And bimodal-sized ZrB₂ particle-reinforced Al<img>Cu alloy has the highest work hardening rate as well. Meanwhile, it is found higher-density dislocations were generated in the bimodal-sized ZrB₂/Al-Cu alloy, with the geometric necessary dislocation density at aging state increasing from 0.18 × 10<sup>14</sup> m<sup>−2</sup> to 0.42 × 10<sup>14</sup> m<sup>−2</sup>. This work adopts a preparation process of semi-solid mechanical stirring, pre dispersion of ZrB<sub>2</sub>/Al powder, and auxiliary dispersion of nano-sized particles driven by micro-sized particles. The semi-solid high viscosity aluminum liquid is utilized to inhibit particle sedimentation, achieving more uniform particle dispersion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115516"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sequential phase evolution of copper mold cast Al-Cu-Ni-(Zr) alloys: Zirconium Micro-alloying results in ultrahigh hardness (∼5 GPa) 铜模铸Al-Cu-Ni-(Zr)合金的序贯相演化：锆微合金化可获得超高硬度（~ 5 GPa）

IF 5.5 2区材料科学

Materials Characterization Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115515

Sagar Das , Shubhadeep Maity , Sougata Barik , Parthiban Ramasamy , Bijay Kumar Show , Jürgen Eckert , Supriya Bera

{"title":"Sequential phase evolution of copper mold cast Al-Cu-Ni-(Zr) alloys: Zirconium Micro-alloying results in ultrahigh hardness (∼5 GPa)","authors":"Sagar Das , Shubhadeep Maity , Sougata Barik , Parthiban Ramasamy , Bijay Kumar Show , Jürgen Eckert , Supriya Bera","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study reports the evolution of different phases with bimodal microstructure in Al-Cu-Ni-(Zr) alloys during arc melting followed by copper mold casting. Various characterization techniques, including X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy were employed to study the microstructural features. The study provides an insight into the fundamental of phase transformation by correlating the observed phases with the corresponding ternary and binary phase diagrams. The results demonstrate that the bimodal microstructure and the formation of rod-shaped Al<sub>3</sub>Zr significantly impact the hardness of the alloy. Noticeably, the copper mold cast Zr micro-alloyed Al<sub>80</sub>Cu<sub>15</sub>Ni<sub>5</sub> and Al<sub>75</sub>Cu<sub>15</sub>Ni<sub>10</sub> alloys exhibit unusual high hardness (∼5 GPa). The findings suggest that the bimodal microstructure can be tailored to achieve superior mechanical properties in Al-Cu-Ni-(Zr) alloys, providing valuable insights into the microstructural design of such alloys for advanced engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 115515"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0