Marine Mammal Science最新文献

{"title":"Correction to “Living Near the Surface: Dive Behavior of Sei Whales (Balaenoptera borealis) in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/mms.70177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.70177","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Baracho-Neto, C. G., L. L. Wedekin, D. Haas, L. L. de Oliveira, M. J. Cremer, and A. N. Zerbini. 2026. “Living Near the Surface: Dive Behavior of Sei Whales (<i>Balaenoptera borealis</i>) in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean.” <i>Marine Mammal Science</i> 42, no. 2: e70167. https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.70167.</p><p>In the main text, in the Discussion section, “Cartwright et al. 2012” was incorrect. This should have read: “Heide-Jørgensen et al. 2013.”</p><p>In the reference list, several citations were incorrectly given. These should have read as follows:</p><p>The reference:</p><p>Ballard, G., D. G. Ainley, C. A. Ribic, and K. J. Barton. 2019. “Environmental Influences on the Foraging Effort of Adélie Penguins.” Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 170: 104–117.</p><p>Should have read:</p><p>Ballard, G., Schmidt, A. E., Toniolo, V., Veloz, S., Jongsomjit, D., Arrigo, K. R., and Ainley, D. G. 2019. “Fine-Scale Oceanographic Features Characterizing Successful Adélie Penguin Foraging in the SW Ross Sea.” <i>Marine Ecology Progress Series</i> 608: 263–277.</p><p>The reference:</p><p>Dong, J., M. Liu, Y. Zhao, et al. 2022. “Diel and Seasonal Variation in Diving Behavior of Bryde's Whales in an Upwelling Ecosystem.” <i>Marine Biology Research</i> 18, no. 1: 1–12.</p><p>Should have read:</p><p>Dong, L., Liu, M., Lin, W., and Li, S. 2022. “First Suction Cup Tagging on a Small and Coastal Form Bryde's Whale (<i>Balaenoptera edeni edeni</i>) in China to Investigate Its Dive Profiles and Foraging Behaviours.” <i>Journal of Marine Science and Engineering</i> 10, no. 10: 1422.</p><p>The reference:</p><p>Fortune, S. M. E., S. H. Ferguson, A. W. Trites, V. LeMay, J. M. Hudson, and M. F. Baumgartner. 2020a. “Evidence of Partial Migration and Behavioral Plasticity in Sympatric Populations of Eastern Canada–West Greenland Bowhead Whales (<i>Balaena mysticetus</i>).” <i>Marine Mammal Science</i> 36: 779–797.</p><p>Should have read:</p><p>Fortune, S. M., Trites, A. W., LeMay, V., Baumgartner, M. F., and Ferguson, S. H. 2023. “Year-Round Foraging Across Large Spatial Scales Suggest That Bowhead Whales Have the Potential to Adapt to Climate Change.” <i>Frontiers in Marine Science</i> 9: 853525.</p><p>The reference:</p><p>Heide-Jørgensen, M. P., K. L. Laidre, N. H. Nielsen, and R. G. Hansen. 2013. “Long-Term Tag Data Reveal Patterns of Diving and Movement Behavior of Narwhals (<i>Monodon monoceros</i>) in the Western Canadian Arctic.” <i>Marine Mammal Science</i> 29, no. 2: E321–E337.</p><p>Should have read:</p><p>Heide-Jørgensen, M. P., Laidre, K. L., Nielsen, N. H., Hansen, R. G., and Røstad, A. 2013. “Winter and Spring Diving Behavior of Bowhead Whales Relative to Prey.” <i>Animal Biotelemetry</i> 1, no. 1: 15.</p><p>The reference:</p><p>Ishii, T., T. Iwata, K. Aoki, A. Kato, S. Yonezaki, and K. Sato. 2017. “Diving Behavior of Sei Whales Tracked by Satellite Tags Off Kushiro, Hokkaido, Japan.” <i>Marine Mammal Science</i> 33, no. 3: 953–967.</","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mms.70177","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148753483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOSnet A Real-Time Low-Cost AI Powered Alarm System for Cetacean Distress Call Detection","authors":"Daniela Cuartas-Marulanda,&nbsp;Braulio Leon-Lopez,&nbsp;Claudia Isaza,&nbsp;Eduardo Romero-Vivas","doi":"10.1111/mms.70259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.70259","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cetaceans are prone to facing deadly situations near coastal areas, from potential vessel collisions to natural stranding events. In particular situations, animals produce distress calls that may signal a pending negative situation. In such situations, stranding response networks and authorities could benefit from an alert system using real-time passive acoustic monitoring, which requires adequate call identification and to set a reliable alarm to trigger a response. Therefore, an alarm system for S10 gray whale putative distress calls is presented. The system, trained with a set of 1177 two-second segments with S10 calls, uses a Resnet-18 convolutional neural network and transfer learning to identify the S10 call with a precision of 0.9891. Once the S10 call is confirmed by redundancy within a time frame, an alarm is sent through Short Message Service to members of the local stranding response network. The low-cost system is easy to replicate and upgrade by adding more models, and BirdNET front end facilitates its widespread use.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148753473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Pixels to Pods: Integrating Drones and Machine Learning Techniques to Understand Cetacean Social Dynamics","authors":"Anne E. Harshbarger,&nbsp;David W. Johnston,&nbsp;Frants H. Jensen","doi":"10.1111/mms.70249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.70249","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our ability to study the fine-scale behavior of cetaceans is evolving rapidly with the use of drones (or unoccupied aircraft systems) as platforms to observe and record behavior and with the emergence of machine learning and data science tools to quantify these observations. Together, these tools can provide an unprecedented perspective on the surface and near-surface behaviors of cetaceans and the dynamics of their social groups. However, the use of machine learning to study cetacean behavior lags behind its application in other areas, such as cetacean acoustics and photo-identification. In this review, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of combining these technologies to quantify cetacean social dynamics, and we present recent advances in the development of machine learning pipelines that go beyond the detection of animals. We also consider strategies that can improve the performance of models in individual studies, and as a broader research community, to allow the development of more effective and more generalizable tools.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148753509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Living Near the Surface: Dive Behavior of Sei Whales (Balaenoptera borealis) in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/mms.70177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.70177","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Baracho-Neto, C. G., L. L. Wedekin, D. Haas, L. L. de Oliveira, M. J. Cremer, and A. N. Zerbini. 2026. “Living Near the Surface: Dive Behavior of Sei Whales (&lt;i&gt;Balaenoptera borealis&lt;/i&gt;) in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean.” &lt;i&gt;Marine Mammal Science&lt;/i&gt; 42, no. 2: e70167. https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.70167.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the main text, in the Discussion section, “Cartwright et al. 2012” was incorrect. This should have read: “Heide-Jørgensen et al. 2013.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the reference list, several citations were incorrectly given. These should have read as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The reference:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ballard, G., D. G. Ainley, C. A. Ribic, and K. J. Barton. 2019. “Environmental Influences on the Foraging Effort of Adélie Penguins.” Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 170: 104–117.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Should have read:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ballard, G., Schmidt, A. E., Toniolo, V., Veloz, S., Jongsomjit, D., Arrigo, K. R., and Ainley, D. G. 2019. “Fine-Scale Oceanographic Features Characterizing Successful Adélie Penguin Foraging in the SW Ross Sea.” &lt;i&gt;Marine Ecology Progress Series&lt;/i&gt; 608: 263–277.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The reference:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dong, J., M. Liu, Y. Zhao, et al. 2022. “Diel and Seasonal Variation in Diving Behavior of Bryde's Whales in an Upwelling Ecosystem.” &lt;i&gt;Marine Biology Research&lt;/i&gt; 18, no. 1: 1–12.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Should have read:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dong, L., Liu, M., Lin, W., and Li, S. 2022. “First Suction Cup Tagging on a Small and Coastal Form Bryde's Whale (&lt;i&gt;Balaenoptera edeni edeni&lt;/i&gt;) in China to Investigate Its Dive Profiles and Foraging Behaviours.” &lt;i&gt;Journal of Marine Science and Engineering&lt;/i&gt; 10, no. 10: 1422.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The reference:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fortune, S. M. E., S. H. Ferguson, A. W. Trites, V. LeMay, J. M. Hudson, and M. F. Baumgartner. 2020a. “Evidence of Partial Migration and Behavioral Plasticity in Sympatric Populations of Eastern Canada–West Greenland Bowhead Whales (&lt;i&gt;Balaena mysticetus&lt;/i&gt;).” &lt;i&gt;Marine Mammal Science&lt;/i&gt; 36: 779–797.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Should have read:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fortune, S. M., Trites, A. W., LeMay, V., Baumgartner, M. F., and Ferguson, S. H. 2023. “Year-Round Foraging Across Large Spatial Scales Suggest That Bowhead Whales Have the Potential to Adapt to Climate Change.” &lt;i&gt;Frontiers in Marine Science&lt;/i&gt; 9: 853525.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The reference:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Heide-Jørgensen, M. P., K. L. Laidre, N. H. Nielsen, and R. G. Hansen. 2013. “Long-Term Tag Data Reveal Patterns of Diving and Movement Behavior of Narwhals (&lt;i&gt;Monodon monoceros&lt;/i&gt;) in the Western Canadian Arctic.” &lt;i&gt;Marine Mammal Science&lt;/i&gt; 29, no. 2: E321–E337.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Should have read:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Heide-Jørgensen, M. P., Laidre, K. L., Nielsen, N. H., Hansen, R. G., and Røstad, A. 2013. “Winter and Spring Diving Behavior of Bowhead Whales Relative to Prey.” &lt;i&gt;Animal Biotelemetry&lt;/i&gt; 1, no. 1: 15.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The reference:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ishii, T., T. Iwata, K. Aoki, A. Kato, S. Yonezaki, and K. Sato. 2017. “Diving Behavior of Sei Whales Tracked by Satellite Tags Off Kushiro, Hokkaido, Japan.” &lt;i&gt;Marine Mammal Science&lt;/i&gt; 33, no. 3: 953–967.&lt;/","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mms.70177","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148753510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights Into a Disruptive Behavior of Iberian Killer Whales (Orcinus orca) With Boats: Perspective From Multiple Interactions With a Research Vessel","authors":"Joana Castro,&nbsp;André Cid,&nbsp;Miguel P. Martins,&nbsp;Guilherme Estrela,&nbsp;Antony Pieters,&nbsp;Alicia Quirin","doi":"10.1111/mms.70247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.70247","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multiple killer whales of the Iberian subpopulation interact with boats by establishing physical contact through bumping and pushing. First reported broadly in 2020, this disruptive behavior has since caused considerable damage to hundreds of vessels. Even though there are various hypotheses for what drives these interactions, the cause and purpose of this behavior are not yet understood. Here, we report on seven events between 2018 and 2025 where killer whales made direct physical contact with a research vessel in southern Portugal. Out of 26 identified individuals, 8 interacted with our rigid-hulled inflatable boat: 2 adult females and 6 juveniles of both sexes, from 5 recognized matrilines. Notably, one juvenile interacted on two occasions. Underwater footage revealed a variable nature of interactions, ranging from displays of curiosity to agonistic behaviors. In all encounters, feeding/foraging was observed. We documented an interaction that predates official reports by 2 years and recorded a new individual participating in this behavior, highlighting its continued spread through social transmission. In our observations, keeping the vessel stationary did not reliably decrease interaction intensity, while accelerating caused apparent loss of interest. However, improved mitigation measures are needed to prevent harm to humans and killer whales, securing long-term coexistence.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148753511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOSnet A Real-Time Low-Cost AI Powered Alarm System for Cetacean Distress Call Detection","authors":"Daniela Cuartas-Marulanda,&nbsp;Braulio Leon-Lopez,&nbsp;Claudia Isaza,&nbsp;Eduardo Romero-Vivas","doi":"10.1111/mms.70259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.70259","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cetaceans are prone to facing deadly situations near coastal areas, from potential vessel collisions to natural stranding events. In particular situations, animals produce distress calls that may signal a pending negative situation. In such situations, stranding response networks and authorities could benefit from an alert system using real-time passive acoustic monitoring, which requires adequate call identification and to set a reliable alarm to trigger a response. Therefore, an alarm system for S10 gray whale putative distress calls is presented. The system, trained with a set of 1177 two-second segments with S10 calls, uses a Resnet-18 convolutional neural network and transfer learning to identify the S10 call with a precision of 0.9891. Once the S10 call is confirmed by redundancy within a time frame, an alarm is sent through Short Message Service to members of the local stranding response network. The low-cost system is easy to replicate and upgrade by adding more models, and BirdNET front end facilitates its widespread use.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148753578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observations of Shelling Behavior and Potential Evidence of Vertical Social Learning by Bottlenose Dolphins in the Great Sandy Marine Park, Queensland Australia","authors":"Alexis L. Levengood,&nbsp;Georgina V. Hume,&nbsp;Jessica M. Buckman,&nbsp;Isla Steel,&nbsp;Bridget E. Toohey,&nbsp;Peter Lynch,&nbsp;Cassandra Smith","doi":"10.1111/mms.70252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.70252","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Animal tool use has long been of interest to biologists, anthropologists, and psychologists due to the potentially important ecological, cognitive, cultural, and evolutionary consequences (Mann and Patterson &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;; Lancaster &lt;span&gt;1968&lt;/span&gt;; Gibson and Ingold &lt;span&gt;1995&lt;/span&gt;; Matsuzawa &lt;span&gt;2001&lt;/span&gt;). Among dolphins, tool use has been well established in Shark Bay (Malgana country), Western Australia where two different foraging tactics have been classified as tool use. These include: (i) sponge foraging (hereafter sponging), where a subset of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (&lt;i&gt;Tursiops aduncus&lt;/i&gt;) use marine basket sponges to protect their rostra during foraging on benthic prey (Smolker et al. &lt;span&gt;1997&lt;/span&gt;; Patterson and Mann &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;; Krützen et al. &lt;span&gt;2005&lt;/span&gt;), and (ii) shell foraging (hereafter shelling), where some individuals feed on fish hiding inside large (dead) marine gastropod shells by lifting the shells into the air and subsequently draining the prey (Wild et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;; Mann and Patterson &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;; Allen et al. &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Shelling is rare and thought to occur on an opportunistic basis due to utilizing large dead gastropod shells on the sea floor (Wild et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;; Allen et al. &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;). In Shark Bay, it has been observed in &lt; 2% of the population, however, is believed to be under reported due to the short nature of the foraging strategy (Wild et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;). Despite the potential opportunistic nature of shelling, the behavior requires specialized skills to properly handle the shell as a tool (Allen et al. &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;), potentially reducing intraspecific competition by exploiting a situational novel niche, broadening foraging opportunities and reducing overlap in resources. It is also suspected that the same level of specialization is not needed for shelling as would be for a life-long specialized strategy like sponging. This is due to the situation-dependent nature of the tactic and shelling being primarily socially transmitted non-vertically outside of the mother-calf bond (considered a more flexible learning strategy) (Wild et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;). Yet, evidence for asocial learning (i.e., independent innovation) of shelling is also plausible (Wild et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;; Allen et al. &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Only one study has assessed the transmission pathways of shelling and no observations of transmission have occurred in the wild to date. Wild et al. (&lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;) ran model simulations and found that diffusion through the social network was most supported, suggesting that shelling was 10 to &gt; 300 times more likely to occur through social transmission than asocial learning or genetic pathways. Nevertheless, shelling has only been observed in individuals from 2 (out of 8) unique haplotypes and learning in these haplotypes was estimated to be ~50 times faster than those of other haplotypes, s","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mms.70252","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal and Diel Acoustic Occurrence of Sei Whales in Oregon, USA","authors":"Mariam Alsaid,&nbsp;Leigh G. Torres,&nbsp;Holger Klinck,&nbsp;Dimitri Ponirakis,&nbsp;Kathleen M. Stafford,&nbsp;Dawn R. Barlow","doi":"10.1111/mms.70253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.70253","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The behavior, distribution, and life history of sei whales (<i>Balaenoptera borealis</i>) are largely unknown in the North Pacific. We analyzed data from three bottom-mounted acoustic recorders deployed 25 (shelf; depth = 300 m), 45 (slope; depth = 630 m), and 65 (abyssal; depth = 2860 m) nautical miles off of Newport, Oregon, USA that recorded continuously from October 2021 to December 2022. Acoustic data were visually and aurally reviewed in search of sei whale calls; putative calls were annotated and assigned confidence levels based on existing descriptions in the literature. High confidence sei whale calls were characterized as broadband downsweeps with an average frequency range of 103–30 Hz and a duration of 2.73 s. Calls occurred in groups ranging from 1 to 32 calls with an average of 9 calls per bout. We document a strong peak in putative sei whale calls in October and November and a significant diel pattern (Hermans-Rasson Test, <i>p</i> = 0.001) with decreasing effect size at more offshore locations. Our findings indicate that sei whales may be present in this region more frequently than previously thought, providing key information on sei whale occurrence in the North Pacific to guide future conservation management efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mms.70253","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148753149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and Anthropogenic Threats Affecting Humpback Whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the Southern Iberian Atlantic Waters","authors":"Ginevra Gennari,&nbsp;Ana Marçalo,&nbsp;Alfredo Rodrigues,&nbsp;Sara Magalhães,&nbsp;Gonçalo Abrantes,&nbsp;André Dias,&nbsp;Rodrigo Climaco,&nbsp;Steve Truluck,&nbsp;Eleonora Pignata,&nbsp;Tanya Lubansky,&nbsp;Lindsey Jones,&nbsp;Frederick Wenzel,&nbsp;Rita Castilho,&nbsp;Rui Peres dos Santos","doi":"10.1111/mms.70250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.70250","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148753150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observations of Shelling Behavior and Potential Evidence of Vertical Social Learning by Bottlenose Dolphins in the Great Sandy Marine Park, Queensland Australia","authors":"Alexis L. Levengood,&nbsp;Georgina V. Hume,&nbsp;Jessica M. Buckman,&nbsp;Isla Steel,&nbsp;Bridget E. Toohey,&nbsp;Peter Lynch,&nbsp;Cassandra Smith","doi":"10.1111/mms.70252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.70252","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Animal tool use has long been of interest to biologists, anthropologists, and psychologists due to the potentially important ecological, cognitive, cultural, and evolutionary consequences (Mann and Patterson &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;; Lancaster &lt;span&gt;1968&lt;/span&gt;; Gibson and Ingold &lt;span&gt;1995&lt;/span&gt;; Matsuzawa &lt;span&gt;2001&lt;/span&gt;). Among dolphins, tool use has been well established in Shark Bay (Malgana country), Western Australia where two different foraging tactics have been classified as tool use. These include: (i) sponge foraging (hereafter sponging), where a subset of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (&lt;i&gt;Tursiops aduncus&lt;/i&gt;) use marine basket sponges to protect their rostra during foraging on benthic prey (Smolker et al. &lt;span&gt;1997&lt;/span&gt;; Patterson and Mann &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;; Krützen et al. &lt;span&gt;2005&lt;/span&gt;), and (ii) shell foraging (hereafter shelling), where some individuals feed on fish hiding inside large (dead) marine gastropod shells by lifting the shells into the air and subsequently draining the prey (Wild et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;; Mann and Patterson &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;; Allen et al. &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Shelling is rare and thought to occur on an opportunistic basis due to utilizing large dead gastropod shells on the sea floor (Wild et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;; Allen et al. &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;). In Shark Bay, it has been observed in &lt; 2% of the population, however, is believed to be under reported due to the short nature of the foraging strategy (Wild et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;). Despite the potential opportunistic nature of shelling, the behavior requires specialized skills to properly handle the shell as a tool (Allen et al. &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;), potentially reducing intraspecific competition by exploiting a situational novel niche, broadening foraging opportunities and reducing overlap in resources. It is also suspected that the same level of specialization is not needed for shelling as would be for a life-long specialized strategy like sponging. This is due to the situation-dependent nature of the tactic and shelling being primarily socially transmitted non-vertically outside of the mother-calf bond (considered a more flexible learning strategy) (Wild et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;). Yet, evidence for asocial learning (i.e., independent innovation) of shelling is also plausible (Wild et al. &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;; Allen et al. &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Only one study has assessed the transmission pathways of shelling and no observations of transmission have occurred in the wild to date. Wild et al. (&lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;) ran model simulations and found that diffusion through the social network was most supported, suggesting that shelling was 10 to &gt; 300 times more likely to occur through social transmission than asocial learning or genetic pathways. Nevertheless, shelling has only been observed in individuals from 2 (out of 8) unique haplotypes and learning in these haplotypes was estimated to be ~50 times faster than those of other haplotypes, s","PeriodicalId":18725,"journal":{"name":"Marine Mammal Science","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mms.70252","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148753151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}