Minerva endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Reporting on the real-world safety and effectiveness of oral semaglutide in improving glycemic control and reducing cardiovascular risk: a letter to the editor.","authors":"Antonio M Labate, Giancarla Meregalli, Francesca Nicolì, Giulia Ongis, Lorenzo Moretti, Emanuele Allemand, Maria L Spina, Provvidenza Villari","doi":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04395-7","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04395-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18690,"journal":{"name":"Minerva endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"96-97"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of lenvatinib in different types of thyroid cancer.","authors":"Catarina Regala, Tiago N Silva, Valeriano Leite","doi":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04309-X","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04309-X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Advanced and progressive thyroid cancer (TC) such as radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer (RAIR-TC), presents a significant clinical challenge due to its poorer prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Lenvatinib is an oral multi-targeted tyrosine kinase approved as first line for the treatment of RAIR-TC.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>We provide a comprehensive review of lenvatinib in the management of advanced thyroid cancer including RAIR-TC, poorly differentiated (PDTC), anaplastic (ATC) and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). A search was carried out on PubMed up to July 2024 to identify all relevant studies. The research was performed using the terms \"thyroid neoplasms\" (MeSH Terms) AND \"lenvatinib\" (MeSH Terms).</p><p><strong>Evidence synthesis: </strong>Lenvatinib demonstrated beneficial outcomes in treating RAIR-TC with most patients achieving either partial response or stable disease, which led to its approval by regulatory agencies worldwide. In PDTC, lenvatinib demonstrated potential therapeutic usefulness, whereas its efficacy as a monotherapy in ATC has yielded less consistent outcomes. However, in ATC the combination of lenvatinib with immune check point inhibitors (such as pembrolizumab) seem promising. In MTC, the available data is limited to phase II studies. Adverse effects of any grade occur in almost all lenvatinib-treated patients and mostly have a time specific sequence of occurrence. Therapy discontinuations due to adverse events are not uncommon, and in some cases, drug-related fatalities may occur.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lenvatinib demonstrated clinical efficacy and safety in both clinical trials and real-world studies for the treatment of patients with different types of thyroid cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":18690,"journal":{"name":"Minerva endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"43-52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144743134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrence factors in familial papillary thyroid carcinoma.","authors":"Antonio Ríos, Iñaki Amunategui, José Ruiz Pardo, José A Puñal, Pablo Moreno-Llorente, Enrique Mercader, Eduardo Ferrero Herrero, Miguel Á Morlán, Javier Martín, Manuel Durán-Poveda, José M Bravo, Daniel Casanova, María P Salvador-Egea, Nuria M Torregrosa, Amaya Expósito-Rodríguez, Gloria Martínez-Fernández, Ana M Carrión, Oscar Vidal, Francisco Herrera, Jesús Villar, Cristina Sabater, Carlos J Magdalena, Susana Ros, Marta González-Pérez, Guadalupe Ruiz-Merino, José M Rodríguez González","doi":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04264-2","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04264-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has classically been considered a sporadic carcinoma. However, a subgroup with familial clustering has been observed, which appears to present a poorer prognosis than the sporadic form. The aim of this study is to analyze the recurrence rates and prognostic factors for familial PTC (FPTC) treated with curative intent.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multicenter national study, endorsed by the Spanish Association of Surgeons. Study population: patients with FPTC (families who have at least 2 first-degree relatives with a confirmed PTC) who meet cure criteria after the treatment. Study endpoints: recurrence rate and risk factors for recurrence. Statistical analysis: Cox regression analysis and survival analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 252 cases with a mean follow-up of 90±68,9 months, recurrence in 26.9% (N.=68) and a disease-free survival of 183,46±7,8 months. In the multivariate analysis, the independent factors for the risk of recurrence were: 1) the number of patients with FPTC in the family (OR 1.165); 2) the multifocality (OR 2.525); 3) the vascular invasion (OR 2.770); and 4) TNM staging system (OR 5.128). In the reanalysis that included the American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk of recurrence, this variable was highly predictive of recurrence (OR 12.048).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FPTC presents a high recurrence rate, which is related to the number of cases of FPTC in the family, the presence of multifocality and vascular invasion, the TNM staging system and the ATA recurrence risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18690,"journal":{"name":"Minerva endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"4-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145743291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epicardial fat tissue in metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity: culprit or bystander?","authors":"Giulia de Alteriis, Gabriella Pugliese, Carolina DI Somma, Andrea Falco, Giovanna Muscogiuri, Luigi Barrea, Daniela Laudisio, Francesca Zumbolo, Roberta Esposito, Martina Pucci, Valentina Cossiga, Filomena Morisco, Silvia Savastano","doi":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04257-5","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04257-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A uniform definition distinguishing metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) from metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) is lacking. MUO is characterized by higher liver and visceral fat than MHO. Epicardial fat tissue (EFT) is an index of cardiac adiposity strongly associated with risk of cardiovascular events. This study aimed to further define the MHO/MUO status by evaluating EFT and hepatic steatosis/fibrosis indices in adults presenting visceral obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this monocentric, observational study, 56 patients (48 females; 43.8±13.1 years) were recruited. Clinical characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and metabolic parameters were evaluated. Hepatic fibrosis and steatosis were assessed by Fibroscan (502Touch, Echosense). EFT thickness was assessed by transthoracic echocardiography (GE Vivid E95 system). EFT thickness values of 9.5 mm in men and 7.5 mm in women were used as predictors of the metabolic syndrome (MetS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with MUO had significantly higher steatosis/fibrosis indices and EFT values than the MHO group (P<0.001). EFT values above the cut-off were found in 82.1% of MUO, but also in 42.9% of MHO. At ROC analysis, the specificity and sensitivity of the EFT cut-off point to predict MUO phenotype combined with hypertension, 60-min post load plasma glucose, and adiponectin, were 98.6% and 92.0%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As EFT thickness values above the predictive threshold for MetS were found in about half of MHO, the MHO/MUO classification may not correctly identify the cardiovascular risk of MHO. Further clinical evidence is needed to confirm EFT thickness as potential additional marker for MHO/MUO phenotypic differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18690,"journal":{"name":"Minerva endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"23-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose-response relationship between circulating growth differentiation factor-15 and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jianshu Gao, Hongli Liu, Zhongwei Zhou, Sanqiang Hu","doi":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04240-X","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04240-X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Increasing evidence suggests that circulating growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) may serve as a predictor of unfavorable clinical outcomes, but limited information is available on its relationship to diabetes risk. This meta-analysis was designed to evaluate quantitatively circulating GDF-15 in relation to diabetes prevalence.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>Our search encompassed the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from the inception dates to April 2024. Studies that provided data on diabetes prevalence across at least three distinct GDF-15 categories were eligible for inclusion in this meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Evidence synthesis: </strong>There were 27 independent studies from 25 articles included in this meta-analysis, involving 56,969 participants, 12,795 of whom were diabetic patients. The two-class meta-analysis showed participants with higher GDF-15 level had a higher diabetes prevalence [odds ratios (OR) 2.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.09-3.05) than those with lower GDF-15 level. The diabetes prevalence increased by 63% (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.47-1.80) when GDF-15 concentration was increased by 1 ng/mL, according to the dose-response meta-analysis. Nevertheless, the dose-response curve showed diabetes prevalence increased nonlinearly with increasing GDF-15 concentration (P nonlinearity <0.001), with a plateau or even a slight decrease after approximately 5.7 ng/mL of GDF-15 concentration. In the pooled estimates, considerable heterogeneity was observed and meta-regression analysis facilitated the interpretation of heterogeneity, which revealed significant correlations between diabetes prevalence and sample sizes (P<0.001) and hypertension prevalence (P=0.025).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This meta-analysis reveals a positive and non-linear relationship between circulating GDF-15 and diabetes prevalence, which plateaus or slightly declines after reaching a certain level of GDF-15.</p>","PeriodicalId":18690,"journal":{"name":"Minerva endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"53-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D: beneficial effects and risk of intoxication: a public health problem.","authors":"Lucia F Stefanelli, Martina Cacciapuoti, Dorella Del Prete, Lorenzo A Calò, Federico Nalesso","doi":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04377-5","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04377-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18690,"journal":{"name":"Minerva endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"98-99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144708166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highlights of the January-March 2026 issue.","authors":"Giovanni Vitale","doi":"10.23736/S2724-6507.26.04536-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-6507.26.04536-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18690,"journal":{"name":"Minerva endocrinology","volume":"51 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147499127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic metabolic acidosis of diabetes (CMAD): clinical features, diagnosis, and therapeutic potentials of pH correction.","authors":"Hayder A Giha, Mai S Sater, Ali A Al Qarni","doi":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04230-7","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04230-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>pH changes are a cardinal feature in metabolic disorders. Based on published literature, chronic metabolic acidosis is a major finding in type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is recently described as CMAD (chronic metabolic acidosis of T2D). Several disorders characterized by overt metabolic acidosis are recognized as T2D co-morbidities or are dual risk factors that pertain to their unique signs and symptoms in T2D. Over time, many terms were used for chronic metabolic acidosis (CMA) in different disorders. However, the lack of a unified term for CMA, delayed the recognition of CMAD as a prime feature of T2D, and the setting of the diagnostic criteria and management protocol for this disorder. Other than the classical diabetic complications, CMAD contributes to non-classical organ-specific local diabetic complications. Here we described the likely clinical features of CMAD in general, such as fatigue, tiredness, cramps, and aches, as well as organ/system-specific symptoms of T2D related to the liver, skeletal muscles, bones and joints, lungs, nervous system, eyes, kidneys and urinary tract, oral cavity and teeth, gastrointestinal tract, immune system, and skin. Diagnostic criteria and confirmatory tests are enlisted together with the laboratory tools used for pH estimation in different body compartments. Finally, a management protocol is proposed, which covers: 1) lifestyle (exercise, stress management); 2) nutrition (drinks, foods, and supplements); and 3) therapeutic pH correction: general proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and alkaline minerals; and organ-specific therapies with different modalities of action. In addition, the therapeutic potentials of nanomedicine and immune and gene therapies for pH correction are raised.</p>","PeriodicalId":18690,"journal":{"name":"Minerva endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"63-87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women: a narrative review of mechanisms and dietary recommendations.","authors":"Sebastián Chapela, Julieta Locatelli, Melannie Toral-Noristz, Facundo Saettone, Natalia Llobera, Santiago Bastidas, Melissa Sánchez, Cecilia Arteaga-Pazmiño, Peter Chedraui, Florencia Ceriani, Ludovica Verde, Evelyn Frias-Toral, Giovanna Muscogiuri, Luigi Barrea","doi":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04483-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04483-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Menopause brings a series of endocrine changes that significantly increase the risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS), a condition characterized by central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance. In this context, the gut microbiota has gained relevance as a key modulating factor in the pathophysiology of MetS in postmenopausal women. The decline in estrogen levels affects microbial diversity and composition, promoting a dysbiotic environment marked by the loss of beneficial bacteria, such as Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium spp., and an increase in proinflammatory, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-producing microorganisms, such as Proteobacteria and Escherichia coli. This imbalance leads to increased intestinal permeability and endotoxin translocation, triggering systemic low-grade inflammation associated with various MetS components. Clinical studies have identified correlations between specific microbial taxa, metabolites such as imidazole propionate and phenylacetylglutamine, and clinical markers of metabolic dysfunction. In this scenario, dietary intervention emerges as an effective therapeutic tool. Dietary patterns like the Mediterranean diet - rich in polyphenols, fiber, and monounsaturated fats - have shown beneficial effects on gut microbiota modulation, enhancing short-chain fatty acid production, reducing inflammation, and improving metabolic homeostasis. Likewise, the DASH diet and plant-based dietary patterns have demonstrated potential in the prevention and management of MetS in postmenopausal women. In conclusion, the interaction between gut microbiota, metabolism, and postmenopausal hormonal changes represents a critical axis in the development of MetS. Personalized dietary approaches aimed at restoring eubiosis may offer an effective strategy to improve metabolic health in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":18690,"journal":{"name":"Minerva endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146202263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dioxin, an endocrine disruptor, induces long term effects on DNA methylation in men after in-utero exposure.","authors":"Davide Sacco, Paolo Brambilla, Luciano Calzari, Rebecca Cavagnola, Giulia N Baldrighi, Lucy Costantino, Fulvio Ferrara, Stefano Signorini, Silvia Besana, Claudia Siracusa, Katya Cattaneo, Valerio Leoni, Paolo Mocarelli, Davide Gentilini","doi":"10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04276-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04276-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prenatal exposure to dioxin, a known endocrine disruptor, after the Seveso accident of 1976 has been associated with thyroid dysfunction, metabolic syndrome and semen quality reduction. Experimental exposure to dioxin in utero produced epigenetic endocrine modifications associated with reduction of semen quality, while in men epigenetic effects are not known. Our objective was to study, by a case control approach, the long-term epigenetic effects of prenatal dioxin exposure in 38 men whose mothers had been exposed to high doses of dioxin, serum median 52.0 ppt at exposure, and therefore who were exposed in utero, median 24.7 ppt at pregnancy, vs. 41 unexposed men.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bisulfite-converted DNA was hybridized onto illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip and methylation differences were studied at both individual probe (DMPs) and gene region (DMRs) levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified hypomethylation of the SPAG1 gene region and a slightly hypermethylated region containing genes of the HOXA family associated with thyroid and skeletal development. An elevated level of epigenetic drift was noted in the exposed group potentially contributing to disease risk. Epigenetic age acceleration did not show significant association with in-utero dioxin exposure. Additionally, we found heightened neutrophils and diminished natural killer cells in blood of dioxin exposed men.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These observations are the first in the literature and align with the long-term semen quality reduction and alteration of thyroid homeostasic mechanisms reported in children exposed in utero to dioxin in Seveso. The actual dioxin background serum levels, 1.0-2.0 ppt, are much lower than those associated to these effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":18690,"journal":{"name":"Minerva endocrinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145998671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}