Microorganisms最新文献

{"title":"Subclinical Mastitis in Small-Holder Dairy Herds of Gansu Province, Northwest China: Prevalence, Bacterial Pathogens, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Risk Factor Analysis.","authors":"Ling Wang, Shahbaz Ul Haq, Muhammad Shoaib, Jiongjie He, Wenzhu Guo, Xiaojuan Wei, Xiaohong Zheng","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence, bacterial distribution, antimicrobial susceptibility, and potential risk factors associated with subclinical mastitis (SCM) in small-holder dairy herds in Gansu Province, Northwest China. Forty small-holder cow farms were randomly selected from eight cities/counties in six districts of Gansu Province, and a total of <i>n</i> = 530 lactating cows were included in this study. SCM prevalence was noted at 38.87% and 9.72% at the cow and quarter levels, respectively, based on the California Mastitis Test (CMT). The prevalence of the recovered bacterial species was noted as follows: <i>S. agalactiae</i> (36.02%), <i>S. aureus</i> (19.43%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) (16.11%), <i>S. dysgalactiae</i> (12.80%), <i>E. coli</i> (9.00%), and <i>S. uberis</i> (6.64%). All isolated bacteria were 100% multi-drug-resistant (MDR) except <i>S. aureus</i> (87.8% MDR). Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles revealed the increased resistance (>85%) of these pathogens to penicillin, streptomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, vancomycin, and erythromycin. However, these pathogens showed increased susceptibility to ampicillin, amoxicillin-sulbactam, ceftazidime, neomycin, kanamycin, spectinomycin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and doxycycline. The multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that old age, high parity, late lactation, lesions on teats, previous history of clinical mastitis, higher milk yield, and milking training were found to be potential risk factors (<i>p</i> < 0.001) associated with developing SCM in small-holder dairy cows in Gansu Province, China. These findings highlight the need for routine surveillance, antimicrobial stewardship, and effective preventive strategies to mitigate SCM in small-holder dairy production and their possible impacts, i.e., increased antimicrobial resistance and infection, on public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Analysis of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and Correlations Between Phylogroups and Sequence Types from Different Sources.","authors":"João Gabriel Material Soncini, Vanessa Lumi Koga, Bruna Fuga, Zuleica Naomi Tano, Gerson Nakazato, Renata Katsuko Takayama Kobayashi, Nilton Lincopan, Eliana Carolina Vespero","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Escherichia coli</i> is a significant pathogen responsible for infections in both humans and livestock, possessing various virulence mechanisms and antimicrobial resistance that make it even more concerning. In this study, several internationally recognized clones of <i>E. coli</i> were identified, such as ST131, ST38, ST648, and ST354, from chicken meat, pork, and human infection samples. Notably, ST131, belonging to phylogroup B2, was the dominant sequence type (ST) in human samples, while ST38, belonging to phylogroup D, was the most prevalent in meat samples. Several antibiotic resistance genes were identified: the <i>gyrA</i> gene mutation was the most prevalent, and CTX-M-55 was the most common extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), with significant differences noted for CTX-M-2 and CTX-M-15. Virulence-associated genes (VAGs) such as <i>gad</i> and <i>iss</i> were frequently found, especially in human isolates. These findings highlight the complex epidemiology of antibiotic-resistant <i>E. coli</i> in community settings and the potential risks associated with commercial meat.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142977771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory Flora Intervention: A New Strategy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupationally Related Respiratory Allergy in Healthcare Workers.","authors":"Linglin Gao, Xi Chen, Ziyi Jiang, Jie Zhu, Qiang Wang","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Occupational allergic respiratory disease in healthcare workers due to occupational exposure has received widespread attention. At the same time, evidence of altered respiratory flora associated with the development of allergy has been found in relevant epidemiologic studies. It is of concern that the composition of nasopharyngeal flora in healthcare workers differs significantly from that of non-healthcare workers due to occupational factors, with a particularly high prevalence of carriage of pathogenic and drug-resistant bacteria. Recent studies have found that interventions with upper respiratory tract probiotics can significantly reduce the incidence of respiratory allergies and infections. We searched PubMed and other databases to describe the burden of allergic respiratory disease and altered respiratory flora in healthcare workers in this narrative review, and we summarize the mechanisms and current state of clinical research on the use of flora interventions to ameliorate respiratory allergy, with the aim of providing a new direction for protecting the respiratory health of healthcare workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mosla Chinensis Extract Enhances Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Intestinal Health in Broilers by Modulating Gut Microbiota.","authors":"Wei Wang, Yuyu Wang, Peng Huang, Junjuan Zhou, Guifeng Tan, Jianguo Zeng, Wei Liu","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Mosla chinensis extract (MCE) on broiler intestinal health. A total of 240 1-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broilers (balanced for sex) were randomly allocated into four treatment groups, each with six replicates of 10 chickens. The study comprised a starter phase (days 1-21) and a grower phase (days 22-42). The control group (C) received a basal diet, while the experimental groups were supplemented with low (S1, 500 mg/kg), medium (S2, 1000 mg/kg), and high doses (S3, 2000 mg/kg) of MCE. The results showed that MCE supplementation significantly improved average daily gain in broilers (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and reduced the feed-to-gain ratio in broilers. Additionally, MCE enhanced the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity of broilers. In the duodenum and cecum, MCE significantly upregulated the expression of tight junction proteins Claudin-1, and Occludin, with the high-dose group showing the strongest effect on intestinal barrier protection (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There was no significant difference in ZO-1 in dudenum (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Microbial analysis indicated that MCE supplementation significantly reduced the Chao and Sobs indices in both the small and large intestines (<i>p</i> < 0.05). At the same time, the Coverage index of the small intestine increased, with the high-dose group demonstrating the most pronounced effect. Beta diversity analysis revealed that MCE had a significant modulatory effect on the microbial composition in the large intestine (<i>p</i> < 0.05), with a comparatively smaller impact on the small intestine. Furthermore, MCE supplementation significantly increased the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae and Alistipes in the large intestine, along with beneficial genera that promote short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, thus optimizing the gut microecological environment. Correlation analysis of SCFAs further confirmed a significant association between the enriched microbiota and the production of acetate, propionate, and butyrate (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with MCE promotes healthy growth and feed intake in broilers and exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. By optimizing gut microbiota composition, enhancing intestinal barrier function, and promoting SCFA production, MCE effectively maintains gut microecological balance, supporting broiler intestinal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Testing of Zoonotic Bacteria in Cattle, Sheep, and Goat Abortion Cases in Botswana.","authors":"Boitumelo M Modise-Tlotleng, Sununguko W Mpoloka, Tirumala B K Settypalli, Joseph Hyera, Tebogo Kgotlele, Kago Kumile, Mosarwa E Sechele, Obuile O Raboloko, Chandapiwa Marobela-Raborokgwe, Gerrit J Viljoen, Giovanni Cattoli, Charles E Lamien","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abortion is one of the major causes of economic losses in livestock production worldwide. Because several factors can lead to abortion in cattle, sheep and goats, laboratory diagnosis, including the molecular detection of pathogens causing abortion, is often necessary. Bacterial zoonotic diseases such as brucellosis, coxiellosis, leptospirosis, and listeriosis have been implicated in livestock abortion, but they are under diagnosed and under-reported in most developing countries, including Botswana. This study applied a recently developed multiplex high-resolution melting analysis technique, coupled with singleplex qPCR assays, to investigate abortions in livestock in Botswana, using 152 samples from cattle, sheep, and goat abortion cases. <i>Brucella</i> spp. were the most frequent pathogen detected, with an overall frequency of 21.1%, followed by <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> with 19.1%. <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> and <i>Leptospira</i> spp. were not detected in any of specimens samples investigated. Mixed infections with <i>Brucella</i> spp. and <i>C. burnetii</i> were observed in 35% specimes examined. There was a good agreement between the multiplex qPCR-HRM and singleplex qPCR for detecting <i>Brucella</i> spp. and <i>C. burnetii</i>. This study is the first report on the syndromic testing of abortion-causing pathogens in Botswana. It shows the importance of molecular methods in the differential diagnosis of abortion-causing diseases in domestic ruminants.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142978758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Tachyplesin Antimicrobial Peptide from Theraphosidae Spiders with Potent Antifungal Activity Against <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>.","authors":"Brenda B Michira, Yi Wang, James Mwangi, Kexin Wang, Demeke Asmamaw, Dawit Adisu Tadese, Jinai Gao, Mehwish Khalid, Qiu-Min Lu, Ren Lai, Juan Li","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The venoms of Theraphosidae spiders have evolved into diverse natural pharmacopeias through selective pressures. <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> is a global health threat that frequently causes life-threatening meningitis and fungemia, particularly in immunocompromised patients. In this study, we identify a novel anti-<i>C. neoformans</i> peptide, QS18 (QCFKVCFRKRCFTKCSRS), from the venom gland of China's native spider species <i>Chilobrachys liboensis</i> by utilizing bioinformatic tools. QS18 shares over 50% sequence similarity with tachyplesin peptides, previously identified only in horseshoe crab hemocytes, expanding the known repertoire of the tachyplesin family to terrestrial arachnids. The oxidative folding of QS18 notably enhances its antifungal activity and stability, resulting in a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.4 µM. The antimicrobial mechanism of QS18 involves cell membrane disruption. QS18 exhibits less than 5% hemolysis in human erythrocytes, indicating microbial selectivity and a favorable safety profile for therapeutic use. Furthermore, mouse model studies highlight QS18's ability as an antifungal agent with notable anti-inflammatory activity. Our study demonstrates QS18 as both a promising template for spider venom peptide research and a novel candidate for the development of peptide antifungals.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142977770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Characterization, Transmission Pattern and Health Risk Analysis of Intestinal Colonization ESBL-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Vegetable Farming Population.","authors":"Fanghui Yao, Qian Zhao, Di Wang, Xuewen Li","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The surging prevalence rates of ESBL-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> (ESBL-Ec) pose a serious threat to public health. To date, most research on drug-resistant bacteria and genes has focused on livestock and poultry breeding areas, hospital clinical areas, natural water environments, and wastewater treatment plants. However, few studies have been conducted on drug-resistant bacteria in vegetable cultivation. In this study, a total of vegetable farmers (n = 59) from six villages were surveyed. Fecal samples were collected from vegetable farmers; we also collected environmental samples, including river water, well water, soil, river sediment, vegetable surface swabs, and fish intestinal tracts. The ESBL-Ec intestinal colonization rate in vegetable farmers was 76.27%. PFGE results indicated two patterns of ESBL-Ec transmission within the vegetable cultivation area: among vegetable farmers, and among river water, river sediments, and vegetable farmers. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, three transmission patterns of ESBL-Ec outside the vegetable cultivation area were inferred: human-human, human-animal-human, and human-animal-environment. Twelve of the isolates carried closely related or identical IncF plasmids carrying <i>bla_CTX-M</i>. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis showed that ST569-B2-O134:H31 and ST38-D-O50:H30 were associated with high disease risk. We assessed the health risks of the farming population and provided a reference basis for public health surveillance and environmental management by monitoring the prevalence and transmission of ESBL-Ec in vegetable areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elimination of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> from Mammary Glands of Dairy Cows by an Additional Antibiotic Treatment Prior to Dry Cow Treatment.","authors":"Bernd-Alois Tenhagen, Mirka Elisabeth Wörmann, Anja Gretzschel, Mirjam Grobbel, Sven Maurischat, Tobias Lienen","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) have been isolated from quarter milk samples of dairy cows, raising concerns over transmission to consumers of raw milk. This study investigates whether pre-treatment before dry-off can increase the success rate of dry cow treatment against MRSA. MRSA positive cows were assigned to two treatment groups. Both groups received dry cow treatment with a licensed product. The test group was additionally treated intramammarily with pirlimycin over seven days prior to the dry-off treatment. The use of pirlimycin increased the elimination of MRSA from previously MRSA positive udder quarters significantly (96.0 vs. 53.3%). However, MRSA were still present in noses and udder clefts of cows in MRSA negative quarter milk samples. New infections were observed in some quarters in both groups. Quarters that remained positive carried the same strain as prior to treatment. All MRSA isolates were associated with clonal complex CC398. Resistance to pirlimycin associated with the genes <i>erm</i>(C) or <i>lnu</i>(B) was observed in one isolate each from new infections after calving. Pretreatment supported the elimination of MRSA from the udder but did not eliminate MRSA from other body sites. Using the treatment will not eliminate the bacteria from the herd.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Nitrogen Removal Characteristics of a Novel Salt-Tolerant Bacterium, <i>Enterobacter quasihormaechei</i> DGFC5, Isolated from Municipal Sludge.","authors":"Bingguo Wang, Huanlong Peng, Wei Liu","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A novel bacterial strain, <i>Enterobacter quasihormaechei</i> DGFC5, was isolated from a municipal sewage disposal system. It efficiently removed ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite under conditions of 5% salinity, without intermediate accumulation. Provided with a mixed nitrogen source, DGFC5 showed a higher utilization priority for NH₄⁺-N. Whole-genome sequencing and nitrogen balance experiments revealed that DGFC5 can simultaneously consume NH₄⁺-N in the liquid phase through assimilation and heterotrophic nitrification, and effectively remove nitrate via aerobic denitrification and dissimilatory reduction reactions. Single-factor experiments were conducted to determine the optimal nitrogen removal conditions, which were as follows: a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 15, a shaking speed of 200 rpm, a pH of 7, C₄H₄Na₂O₄ as the carbon source, and a temperature of 30 °C. DGFC5 showed efficient nitrogen purification capabilities under a wide range of environmental conditions, indicating its potential for disposing of nitrogenous wastewater with high salinity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excessive Extracellular Ammonium Production by a Free-Living Nitrogen-Fixing Soil <i>Clostridium</i> sp. Strain.","authors":"Soyeon Park, Jeonghwan Jang","doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12122634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A Gram-positive, rod-shaped, and obligate anaerobic bacterial strain OS1-26 was isolated from apple orchard soil in Iksan, South Korea. Interestingly, strain OS1-26 was observed to possess the functional genes involved in biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), including <i>nifH</i>, which was actively transcribed during the anaerobic cultivation with excessive production of extracellular NH₄⁺ despite of presence of other fixed N nutrients. The BNF of strain OS1-26 was distinguished from the other well-known <i>Clostridium</i> diazotrophs, such as <i>C. pasteurianum</i> and <i>C. acetobutylicum</i>. The altruistic N-fixing ability of the strain may play a pivotal role in providing N nutrients to the microbial community and plants in the soil ecosystem. The microorganism grew at 25-35 °C (optimum 30-35 °C) and pH 5.0-8.0 (optimum 6.0-8.0) but was not able to grow in the presence of >0.5% NaCl. The major cellular fatty acids of strain OS1-26 were C_16:0, C_14:0, and the summed feature consisted of C_16:1 ω7c and C_16:1 ω6c (35.63%, 25.29%, and 18.84%, respectively). The 16S rRNA phylogeny indicated that strain OS1-26 is a member of the genus <i>Clostridium</i>, and the closest species are <i>C. aciditolerans</i>, <i>C. nitrophenolicum,</i> and <i>C. thailandense,</i> with 16S rRNA sequence similarities such as 99.71%, 98.52%, and 98.45%, respectively. In spite of the high 16S rRNA sequence similarity, strain OS1-26 showed overall genomic relatedness, such as the average nucleotide identity (ANI), and phenotypical features distinctly different from <i>Clostridium aciditolerans</i>. Although the species taxonomy of strain OS1-26 is undetermined within the genus <i>Clostridium</i> based on overall genomic and phenotypic properties, further studies on the soil bacterial strain would enhance our understanding of its taxonomic identity, ecological roles for the terrestrial soil N cycle, and the potential to be developed as a biological N fertilizer.</p>","PeriodicalId":18667,"journal":{"name":"Microorganisms","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11679708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}